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31.
The acylation of 2-methoxynaphthalene with acetic anhydride was carried out over zeolite beta catalysts having various Si/Al
ratios. It was found that the reaction performance is strongly dependent on the Si/Al ratio of the catalyst. The catalytic
reaction features were elucidated in terms of the acidic properties of the catalysts.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
32.
Jerry W. Slootstra Wouter C. Puijk Gerard J. Ligtvoet Jan P. M. Langeveld Rob H. Meloen 《Molecular diversity》1996,1(2):87-96
Summary Two small random peptide libraries, one composed of 4550 dodecapeptides and one of 8000 tripeptides, were synthesized in newly developed credit-card format miniPEPSCAN cards (miniPEPSCAN libraries). Each peptide was synthesized in a discrete well (455 peptides/card). The two miniPEPSCAN libraries were screened with three different monoclonal antibodies (Mabs). Two other random peptide libraries, expressed on the wall of bacteria (recombinant libraries) and composed of 107 hexa- and octapeptides, were screened with the same three Mabs. The aim of this study was to compare the amino acid sequence of peptides selected from small and large pools of random peptides and, in this way, investigate the potential of small random peptide libraries. The screening of the two miniPEPSCAN libraries resulted in the identification of a surprisingly large number of antibody-binding peptides, while the screening of the large recombinant libraries, using the same Mabs, resulted in the identification of only a small number of peptides. The large number of peptides derived from the small random peptide libraries allowed the determination of consensus sequences. These consensus sequences could be related to small linear and nonlinear parts of the respective epitopes. The small number of peptides derived from the large random peptide libraries could only be related to linear epitopes that were previously mapped using small libraries of overlapping peptides covering the antigenic protein. Thus, with respect to the cost and speed of identifying peptides that resemble linear and nonlinear parts of epitopes, small diversity libraries based on synthetic peptides appear to be superior to large diversity libraries based on expression systems.Abbreviations ABTS
2,2-azino-di-3-ethylbenzthiazoline sulfonate
- EGF
epidermal growth factor
- Mab
monoclonal antibody
- ODccd
optical density obtained using CCD camera
- RAMPO
rabbit-antimouse peroxidase
- SDS
sodium dodecylsulfate
- TGEV
transmissible gastroenteritis virus 相似文献
33.
The variation in the lifetime of flash-excited gaseous benzophenone with pressure and temperature indicates that (1) self-quenching is a relatively inefficient process for the long-lived emission, ksq = 9 × 105 M?1 s?1 (estimated from solution data) at 25°C and 1.2 × 107 M?1 s?1 at 170°C and (2) the lifetime decreases with increasing temperature as a result of photochemical and photophysical decay pathways which have significant activation energies. The importance of diffusion to the walls on lifetime measurements is discussed. 相似文献
34.
Haiges R Vij A Boatz JA Schneider S Schroer T Gerken M Christe KO 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2004,10(2):508-517
The highly explosive molecules As(N(3))(3) and Sb(N(3))(3) were obtained in pure form by the reactions of the corresponding fluorides with (CH(3))(3)SiN(3) in SO(2) and purification by sublimation. The crystal structures and (14)N NMR, infrared, and Raman spectra were determined, and the results compared to ab initio second-order perturbation theory calculations. Whereas Sb(N(3))(3) possesses a propeller-shaped, pyramidal structure with perfect C(3) symmetry, the As(N(3))(3) molecule is significantly distorted from C(3) symmetry due to crystal packing effects. 相似文献
35.
Thomas F.O. Lim Jerry K. Myers Greg. T. Rogers Paul Ronald Jones 《Journal of organometallic chemistry》1977,135(2):249-259
The regioselectivity of the hydroboration of the methylchlorovinylsilanes, ClnMe3?nSiCHCH2 (n= 0 ? 3), has been investigated using BH3←THF, 9-BBN, disiamyl- and dicyclohexylborane. Methylation of the adducts with methylmagnesium bromide is complicated by formation of tetraalkylboronates. Alkaline hydrogen peroxide oxidation of the boronates gives reasonable yields of the corresponding α- and β-trimethylsilylethanols forn= 0 and 1. Forn= 2 and 3, conversion of the adducts to the corresponding α- and β- deuteroethylsilanes by treatment with excess sodium methoxide in methanol-0-d provides a more effective means of derivatization. Addition of the alkenes,n= 2 or 3, to excess BH3←THF givesca. 90% of the α-boro-organo-chlorosilanes. For all of the alkenes, the dialkylboranes giveca. 80% of the β-boron adducts. 相似文献
36.
Springfield SA Marcantonio K Ceglia S Albaneze-Walker J Dormer PG Nelson TD Murry JA 《The Journal of organic chemistry》2003,68(11):4598-4599
In this paper, we disclose an efficient one-pot procedure for the preparation of substituted 1,8-naphthyridin-4-one analogues. Previous efforts to effect this type of transformation were complicated by the formation of benzene tricarboxylate. Via the use of excess base, the impurity formation was completely inhibited. This allowed for the clean preparation of the desired intermediate and subsequent formation of naphthyridone analogues in a single flask, which could then be crystallized directly from the reaction mixture in good yield and high purity. 相似文献
37.
Highly ordered large pore SBA-15 silica functionalized with up to 16% aminopropyl groups, which gave high catalytic activity and selectivity toward flavanone synthesis through aldol condensation and subsequent intramolecular Michael addition of benzaldehyde and 2'-hydroxyacetophenone, was synthesized for the first time via co-condensation of tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) using an amphiphilic block copolymer as the structure-directing agent. 相似文献
38.
39.
Analogy and deuterium labeling demonstrate that considerable remote group interaction occurs between functional groups at positions 7 and 16 in 16, 17-secosteroids. It is proposed that ion-dipole interact?ions separations of distances of 10 to 2 Å will involve energies of 1–30 kcal mol?1 and can play a significant role in fragmentation processes. Successive loss of one, two and three HOAc molecules from a milecular or daughter ion increase progressively in relative intensity; irregularity in this pattern indicates the operation of special factors or multiple genesis of daughter ions having the same m/e. Evidence is presented which suggests that facile ketene ejection from the acetate functional group only occurs from a radical ion and must be preceded by transfer of a hydrogen radical from the acetate group to the site of charge localization. 相似文献
40.
József Medve Jerry Ståhlberg Folke Tjerneld 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》1997,66(1):39-56
Adsorption to microcrystalline cellulose (Avicel) of pure cellobiohydrolase I and II (CBH I and CBH II) fromTrichoderma reesei has been studied. Adsorption isotherms of the enzymes were measured at 4‡C using CBH I and CBH II alone and in reconstituted
equimolar mixtures. Several models (Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, Jovanovic) were tested to describe the experimental adsorption
isotherms. The isotherms did not follow the basic (one site) Langmuir equation that has often been used to describe adsorption
isotherms of cellulases; correlation coefficients (R2) were only 0.926 and 0.947, for CBH I and II, respectively. The experimental isotherms were best described by a model of
Langmuir type with two adsorption sites and by a combined Langmuir-Freundlich model (analogous to the Hill equation); using
these models the correlation coefficients were in most cases higher than 0.995. Apparent binding parameters derived from the
two sites Langmuir model indicated stronger binding of CBH II compared to CBH I; the distribution coefficients were 20.7 and
3.7 L/g for the two enzymes, respectively. The binding capacity, on the other hand, was higher for CBH I, 1.0 Μmol (67 mg)
per gram Avicel, compared to 0.57 Μmol/g (30 mg/g) for CBH II. The isotherms when analyzed with the combined Langmuir-Freundlich
model indicated presence of unequal binding sites on cellulose and/or negative cooperativity in the binding of the enzyme
molecules. 相似文献