浸渍硅胶薄层色谱板分离钴和镍及数字图像分析法定量(英文)

Thin layer chromatography(TLC) of cobalt and nickel has been performed on silica gel layers induced with alkali mediated cellulose extract.A novel combination of 10% aqueous solutions of Tween-20 and potassium thiocyanate in 1∶1(v/v) was identified as the best mobile phase for the selective separation of Co2+from Ni2+on the impregnated Silica Gel G layers.The chromatographic characteristics of the cations were studied and the limits of detection as well as the limits of quantification for Co2+and Ni2+were determined.The quantitative estimation of the cations was achieved from the digital image analysis of respective chromatograms.The proposed quantitative method was successfully applied with 0-0.50% error for the determination of Co2+from Ni2+in spiked samples of bauxite,soil and rock containing common cations such as Al3+,Fe2+,Ti4+,Zn2+,Mn2+,Cu2+,Cr6+,Mg2+,etc.under the optimized chromatographic conditions.     

基于知识约简的故障案例重用方法

案例重用是使用旧的经验去解决新的问题,可以提升基于案例推理的故障诊断系统解决问题的能力,本文提出一种基于知识约简的故障案例重用方法,主要包括针对静态案例的值约简算法（improved attribute value reduction algorithm based on discernibility matrix,IAVRADM）以及新增案例情况下的值约简增量式更新算法（incremental updating algorithm for attribute value reduction,IUAAVR）,其中,IAVRADM算法利用吸收律和互信息增量作为启发式信息,改进了已有算法中分辨矩阵构造和搜索过程,提高了决策规则的生成效率,IUAAVR算法分析总结出需要进行规则更新的3种情况.实验结果表明,IAVRADM算法的适应性强、时间开销低,IUAAVR算法在获得相同数量的决策规则情况下与案例的数量无关且更具时间优势.     

Structural,spectroscopic and first‐principles studies of new aminocoumarin derivatives

The new aminocoumarin derivatives 3‐[1‐(3‐hydroxyanilino)ethylidene]‐3H‐chromene‐2,4‐dione, ( 1 ), 3‐[1‐(4‐hydroxyanilino)ethylidene]‐3H‐chromene‐2,4‐dione, ( 2 ), and 3‐[1‐(2‐hydroxyanilino)ethylidene]‐3H‐chromene‐2,4‐dione, ( 3 ), all C₁₇H₁₃NO₄, were synthesized by reacting an equimolar amount of 3‐acetyl‐4‐hydroxycoumarin and the corresponding aminophenol in absolute ethanol. Structural and spectroscopic analysis of these phases revealed that derivatives ( 1 ) and ( 2 ) are isomers of previously reported ( 3 ) [Brahmia et al. (2013). Acta Cryst. E 69 , o1296]. The crystal structures of meta derivative ( 1 ) and para derivative ( 2 ) were ab initio determined from powder X‐ray diffraction data using the direct‐space approach. Both ( 1 ) and ( 2 ) adopt the orthorhombic space group P2₁2₁2₁. These isomers show hydrogen bonds and rich π–π stacking, together with π…H interactions, which are built by conjugated systems of coumarin and phenol rings. In the crystalline lattice, the packing of ( 1 ) and ( 3 ) are mainly stabilized through O—H…O hydrogen bonding between neighbouring coumarin molecules, while hydrogen bonds between coumarin and water molecules build the stable crystal structure of derivative ( 2 ). A big similarity in the skeletons of the IR spectra of these isomers was noticed. Derivative ( 2 ) exhibits two weak bands which were not present in the spectra of the other two derivatives, at 2370 and 2948 cm^?1, which can be assigned to the O—H vibrations of the solvent (H₂O) trapped in the structure of ( 2 ). These aminocoumarin derivatives display absorption maxima in the visible region, attributed to π–π delocalization involving the whole electronic system of the compounds with a considerable charge‐transfer character originating from the aminophenyl ring and pointing towards the coumarin system which is characterized by a high electron‐accepting character. Additionally, the isolated molecular ground‐state geometries were optimized at the PBE0/TZP level and the electronic properties, molecular electrostatic potential and Hirshfeld charges were determined.     

飞艇尾翼脉动压力特性实验研究

在中航气动院FL-9低速风洞中,进行了飞艇尾翼脉动压力特性实验研究。测量了尾翼的脉动压力,着重分析了各测量点的脉动压力系数、频谱和相关性系数等特性。结果表明:脉动压力系数由尾翼前缘向后缘逐渐增大。尾翼的中部和前缘脉动压力系数随迎角无明显变化,在迎角超过8°以后,尾翼后缘的脉动压力系数随迎角增大而急剧增加。连续变迎角测量结果与固定迎角测量结果相比,脉动压力系数产生了明显的迟滞特性。尾翼上表面脉动压力的自相关系数和互相关系数从前缘到后缘逐渐降低,且前缘表现出显著自相关性,下翼面脉动压力基本互不相关。     

Hopf *-algebra structures on H(1, q)

We study the Hopf *-algebra structures on the Hopf algebra H(1, q) over ?. It is shown that H(1, q) is a Hopf *-algebra if and only if |q| = 1 or q is a real number. Then the Hopf *-algebra structures on H(1, q) are classified up to the equivalence of Hopf *-algebra structures.     

易测量非球面定义及应用

本文提出了一种新型、易于用传统光学干涉仪测量的非球面。该非球面的检测主要基于Zemax光学程序软件设计的多重配置特性。第一配置为易于测量非球面,第二配置为采用平行平面玻璃板或单透镜作为零位校正器,用于检测第一配置的非球面。本文通过一些实例,说明了易测量非球面检测技术的应用和优势,证实了与圆锥或普通非球面相比,易测量非球面更易于操作与检测,同时有利于减小光学像差。     

Porous Organic Frameworks-derived Porous Carbons with Outstanding Gas Adsorption Performance

A series of porous carbon materials was synthesized via high temperature pyrolysis from well-defined and thermally stable precursors, namely porous organic frameworks(POFs), in inert atmosphere. The porous carbon materials showed enhanced gas adsorption capacities together with increased heat of adsorption and stronger affinity between the frameworks and the gases as compared to the precursor materials. To exemplify, sample C-POF-TBBP-1000 with a high BET surface area of 1290 m²/g can adsorb 2.8 mmol/g CH₄(273 K, 101.325 kPa), 5.4 mmol/g CO₂(273 K, 101.325 kPa) and 2.2% H₂(mass fraction, 77 K, 101.325 kPa), thereby surpassing most other porous adsorbent materials reported till date. The study highlights the potential of porous carbons derived from novel porous organic framework structures for gas adsorption applications.     

TiO2/UV/O2和TiO2/UV/N2体系降解水中对氯硝基苯

以商用TiO₂P25为催化剂,分别在TiO₂/UV/O₂和TiO₂/UV/N₂两种体系下进行降解对氯硝基苯(pCNB)试验.采用ESR对两种体系下光催化反应形成的·OH进行测定,利用LC-MS对两种体系下反应形成的中间产物进行了定性和定量分析,最后对pCNB降解过程中氯和硝基的存在形式进行了研究.结果表明:TiO₂/UV/O₂体系的催化降解效果要明显优于TiO₂/UV/N₂体系;两种反应体系都有·OH产生,并且TiO₂/UV/O₂体系产生的·OH的量多于TiO₂/UV/N₂体系产生的·OH的量;TiO₂/UV/O₂体系形成的中间产物的种类要多于TiO₂/UV/N₂体系形成的,苯环上的氢、氯、硝基均可被·OH取代形成对硝基酚(pNP)、5-氯-2-硝基酚(5-C-2-PN)等酚类物质;两种体系下均有Cl^-和NO₂^-存在,其中Cl^-生成势与pCNB的去除势一致,只有TiO₂/UV/O₂体系中存在NO₃^-.     

[Yb(H2O)8][Cd3Cl9(H2O)]·6H2O

The title compound, namely octa­aqua­ytterbium(III) aqua­nona­chloro­tricadmate(II) hexa­hydrate, [Yb(H₂O)₈][Cd₃Cl₉(H₂O)]·6H₂O, was prepared by evaporation at 278 K from an aqueous solution of the ternary system YbCl₃–CdCl₂–H₂O and was characterized by elemental chemical analysis and by X‐ray powder and single‐crystal diffraction studies. The crystal structure can be viewed as being built from layers of double chains of CdCl₆ and CdCl₅(H₂O) octahedra separated by antiprismatic [Yb(H₂O)₈]³⁺ cations. The stabilization of the structure is ensured by O—H⋯O and O—H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds. A comparison with the structures of SrCd₂Cl₆·8H₂O and CeCd₄Cl₁₁·13H₂O is presented.     

Bifurcation analysis and nonlinear dynamics of a capacitive energy harvester in the vicinity of the primary and secondary resonances

Nonlinear Dynamics - The objective of the present study is to examine the effect of nonlinearity on the efficiency enhancement of a capacitive energy harvester. The model consists of a cantilever...