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991.
Sennato S Bordi F Cametti C Marianecci C Carafa M Cametti M 《The journal of physical chemistry. B》2008,112(12):3720-3727
We have investigated the formation of complexes between negatively charged niosomal vesicles (hybrid niosomes), built up by dicethylphosphate [DCP], Tween 20 and Cholesterol, and three linear differently charged cationic polyions, such as alpha-polylysine, epsilon-polylysine, and polyethylvinylpyridinium bromide [PEVP], with two different substitution degrees. Our aim is to investigate the interaction mechanism between anionic-nonionic vesicles (hybrid niosomes) and linear polycations, characterizing the resulting aggregates in view of possible applications of these composite colloidal particles as vectors for multidrug delivery. In order to explore the aggregation behavior of the complexes and to gain information on the stability of the single niosomal vesicles within the aggregates, we employed dynamic light scattering (DLS), laser Doppler electrophoretic measurements, and fluorescence measurement techniques. The overall phenomenology is well described in terms of the re-entrant condensation and charge inversion behavior, observed in different colloidal systems. The aggregate size and overall charge depend on the charge ratio between vesicles and polyions, and the aggregates reach their maximum size at the point of charge inversion (re-entrant condensation). While the overall phenomenology is similar for all three polycations investigated, the stability and the integrity of the hybrid niosomal vesicles forming the aggregates strongly depend on the chemical structure of the polycations. The role of the polycations in the aggregation process is discussed by identifying specific interactions with the niosomal membrane, pointing out their importance for possible applications as drug delivery vectors. 相似文献
992.
Dadvand A Cicoira F Chernichenko KY Balenkova ES Osuna RM Rosei F Nenajdenko VG Perepichka DF 《Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)》2008,(42):5354-5356
We report a fabrication of field-effect transistors using the new organic semiconductors octathio[8]circulene and tetrathiotetraseleno[8]circulene . The maximum hole mobility of 9 x 10(-3) cm(2) V(-1) s(-1) is, most likely, limited by one-dimensional growth of and in thin films. 相似文献
993.
Joselevich M Williams FJ 《Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids》2008,24(20):11711-11717
Silica nanoparticles were surface-functionalized with diazonium groups. The reaction steps leading to the formation of the diazonium functionality were followed with IR and XPS, and the structure of the diazonium-functionalized nanoparticle was confirmed with solid state NMR. Nanoparticle size distribution was determined with DLS, SEM, and TEM. The nanoparticles were then covalently bonded to gold and iron surfaces. Their spatial distribution over the metal surface was analyzed by SEM. Diazonium modification of nanoparticles represents a new method for the covalent attachment of nanoparticles to metal surfaces. 相似文献
994.
Mora F Tran DH Oudry N Hopfgartner G Jeannerat D Sakai N Matile S 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2008,14(6):1947-1953
Hydrophilic anchoring is introduced as a promising strategy to constructively control the various interactions of synthetic pore sensors with the surrounding biphasic environment. Artificial rigid-rod beta barrels are selected as classical synthetic multifunctional pores and random-coil tetralysines are attached as hydrophilic anchors. The synthesis of this advanced pore is accomplished in 32 steps from commercially available starting materials. With regard to pore activity as such, the key impact of hydrophilic anchoring is a change from a Hill coefficient n<1 to n=4. This change confirms successful suppression of the competing self-assembly with precipitation from the aqueous phase as the origin of the accomplished increase in pore activity. The hydrophilic anchors do not interfere with the blockage of the synthetic pore sensors by anionic analytes. In the case of stoichiometric binding of blockers (K(D)=EC(50) of the pore; EC(50)=concentration needed to observe 50 % pore activity), however, the increase in pore activity achieved by hydrophilic anchoring results in improved pore blockage under high dilution conditions. Controls confirm that this increase does not occur with analytes that do not exhibit stoichiometric binding (K(D)>EC(50)). These results not only reveal stoichiometric binding as the expected origin of the sensitivity limit of synthetic pore sensors, they also provide promising solutions for this problem. The combination of hydrophilic anchoring with targeted pore formation emerges as a particularly promising strategy to further reduce effective pore concentrations. The scope and limitations of this approach are exemplified with pertinent analyte pairs that are essential for the sensing of sucrose, lactose, acetate, and glutamate with synthetic pores in samples from the supermarket. 相似文献
995.
Merlín Rosales Beatriz Alvarado Federico Arrieta Carlos De La Cruz Ángel González Karely Molina Otto Soto Yslamar Salazar 《Polyhedron》2008
The synthesis and solid-state IR, 1H and 31P{1H} NMR spectroscopic characterization of complexes of the type MH(CO)(κ3-OCOR)(PPh3)2 [M = Ru, Os; R = CH3, CH2Cl, C6H5 and CH(CH3)2] are reported in this paper. These compounds were obtained by reaction of the respective cationic complex [MH(CO)(NCMe)2(PPh3)2]BF4 with the sodium salt of the corresponding carboxylic acid in a 1:1 v/v dichloromethane/methanol solution at room temperature. The spectroscopic data of these complexes and some DFT calculations reveal an octahedral geometry with a bidentated carboxylate, two equivalent triphenylphosphines in a mutually trans positions, a linear hydride and a linear carbonyl both in the cis-positions of the coordination sphere. The catalytic results indicate that these complexes are efficient and regioselective precatalysts for the quinoline hydrogenation and for the hydroformylation of 1-hexene, under mild reaction conditions (130 °C and 4 atm H2 and 120 °C and 15 atm H2/CO, respectively). For benzothiophene hydrogenation, the osmium complexes showed low activities whereas the analogous ruthenium complexes were catalytically inactive under somewhat more drastic reaction conditions to those of the quinoline hydrogenation (140 °C and 10 atm H2). 相似文献
996.
Torta F Elviri L Careri M Mangia A Cavazzini D Rossi GL 《Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM》2008,22(3):330-336
To bind and release its ligand, cellular retinol-binding protein type I (CRBP) needs to undergo conformational and dynamic changes to connect the inner, solvent-shielded cavity, where retinol is found to bind, and the outside medium. Retinol dissociation in vitro is favoured by water/alcohol mixtures whose moderately low dielectric constants mimic a property characteristic of the membrane microenvironment where this process occurs in vivo. Apo- and holo-CRBP, in either water/methanol or water/trifluoroethanol (TFE) mixtures, were analyzed at equilibrium by electrospray ionization with orthogonal quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (ESI-Q-TOFMS) to identify the alcohol-induced species. The questions were asked whether the presence of alcohols affects protein dynamics, as reflected by hydrogen/deuterium (H/D) exchange monitored by continuous-labelling experiments, and to which extent retinol dissociation influences the process. With increasing methanol, at pH near neutrality, apo-CRBP exhibits a progressively more compact conformation, resulting in reduced H/D exchange with respect to the native protein in water. Retinol dissociation from the holo-protein did not promote hydrogen replacement. Similarly, in the presence of the low TFE concentration sufficient to cause retinol dissociation, the hydrogen exchange of the resulting apo-protein was not exalted. However, in contrast with the alkanol, higher TFE concentrations induced a transition of apo-CRBP to a new alpha-helix conformation capable of exchanging all available hydrogen atoms. 相似文献
997.
A synthetic route for the preparation of 4,5-dihydro-3H-pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidin-4-ones characterized by a decorated benzyl moiety at different positions of the five-membered ring has been developed, and some compounds have been tested as Hsp90 ligands. One of them displayed IC50 = 50 μM representing an interesting starting point for further investigations. 相似文献
998.
Federico Pellarin 《The Ramanujan Journal》2008,15(2):147-175
Nesterenko (Sb. Math. 187:1319–1348, [1996]) proved, among other results, the algebraic independence over ℚ of the numbers π and e
π
. A very important feature of his proof is a multiplicity estimate for quasi-modular forms associated to SL
2(ℤ) which involves differential properties of certain non-linear differential systems.
The aim of this article is to begin the study of the corresponding properties for Hilbert modular and quasi-modular forms,
especially those which are associated with the number field
. We show that the differential structure of these functions has several analogies with the differential structure of the
quasi-modular forms associated to SL
2(ℤ).
相似文献
999.
Jiani Ye Dongsheng Zhang Sofia Salli Yajiao Li Feiyu Han Yuanqiang Mai Prof. Dr. Federico Rosei Prof. Dr. Yongwang Li Prof. Dr. Yong Yang Prof. Dr. Flemming Besenbacher Prof. Dr. Hans Niemantsverdriet Dr. Emma Richards Prof. Dr. Ren Su 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2023,62(23):e202302994
Environmental-friendly halogenation of C−H bonds using abundant, non-toxic halogen salts is in high demand in various chemical industries, yet the efficiency and selectivity of laboratory available protocols are far behind the conventional photolytic halogenation process which uses hazardous halogen sources. Here we report an FeX2 (X=Br, Cl) coupled semiconductor system for efficient, selective, and continuous photocatalytic halogenation using NaX as halogen source under mild conditions. Herein, FeX2 catalyzes the reduction of molecular oxygen and the consumption of generated oxygen radicals, thus boosting the generation of halogen radicals and elemental halogen for direct halogenation and indirect halogenation via the formation of FeX3. Recycling of FeX2 and FeX3 during the photocatalytic process enables the halogenation of a wide range of hydrocarbons in a continuous flow, rendering it a promising method for applications. 相似文献
1000.
Yajiao Li Dongsheng Zhang Jiani Ye Yuanqiang Mai Chao Wang Prof. Dr. Yong Yang Prof. Dr. Yongwang Li Prof. Dr. Flemming Besenbacher Prof. Dr. Hans Niemantsverdriet Prof. Dr. Federico Rosei Prof. Dr. Feng Pan Prof. Dr. Ren Su 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2023,62(22):e202302979
Heterogeneous photocatalysis is effective for the selective synthesis of value-added chemicals at lab-scale, yet falls short of requirements for mass production (low cost and user friendliness). Here we report the design and fabrication of a modular tubular flow system embedded with replaceable photocatalyst membranes for scalable photocatalytic C−C, C−N homocoupling and hydrogenation reactions, which can be operated in either circular and continuous flow mode with high performance. The photocatalyst membranes almost fully occupy the volume of the reactor, thus enabling optimal absorption of the incident light. Additionally, the porous structured photocatalyst membranes facilitate the mass transfer of the reactants to efficiently use the active sites, resulting in 0th-order reaction kinetics and a high space-time yield compared to the batch reaction system at practical application levels and prolonged reaction times. 相似文献