Scattering of electromagnetic waves from a half-space of randomly distributed discrete scatterers and polarized backscattering ratio law

Summary The effective-medium approximation is applied to investigate scattering from a half-space of randomly and densely distributed discrete scatterers. Starting from vector wave equations, an approximation, called effective-medium Born approximation, a particular way, treating Green's functions, and special coordinates, of which the origin is set at the field point, are used to calculate the bistatic- and back-scatterings. An analytic solution of backscattering with closed form is obtained and it shows a depolarization effect. The theoretical results are in good agreement with the experimental measurements in the cases of snow, multi- and first-year sea-ice. The root product ratio of polarization to depolarization in backscattering is equal to 8; this result constitutes a law about polarized scattering phenomena in the nature.     

稳态锁模产生4ps激光脉冲

首次利用ＧａＡｓ光电导开关，控制Ｎｄ：ＹＬＦ激光器腔内Ｑ值，实现稳态锁模，获得脉宽和能量稳定性极高的４ｐｓ激光脉冲。     

草酰胺分子构型、稳定性、IR光谱及分子轨道的密度泛函与从头算研究

运用多种密度泛函理论 (DFT)和从头算 (abinitio)方法研究了草酰胺顺、反异构体的分子几何构型 ,结果表明Beck88交换函数与LYP非局域相关函数形成杂化的DFT方法B3LYP与MP2方法计算结果比较吻合。在此基础上选择B3LYP方法对草酰胺分子电子结构、红外光谱和前线分子轨道组成进行了系统研究 ;与实验事实对比分析了气态草酰胺分子中配位原子的反应活性     

Mathematical analysis of investment systems

Investment systems are studied using a framework that emphasize their profiles (the cumulative probability distribution on all the possible percentage gains of trades) and their log return functions (the expected average return per trade in logarithmic scale as a function of the investment size in terms of the percentage of the available capital). The efficiency index for an investment system, defined as the maximum of the log return function, is proposed as a measure to compare investment systems for their intrinsic merit. This efficiency index can be viewed as a generalization of Shannon's information rate for a communication channel. Applications are illustrated.     

The Drazin inverses of products and differences of orthogonal projections

In this note, the Drazin inverses of products and differences of orthogonal projections on a Hilbert space are established.     

GLOBAL WEAK SOLUTIONS OF THE RELATIVISTIC VLASOV-KLEIN-GORDON SYSTEM IN TWO DIMENSIONS

In this paper we consider the system of classical particles coupled with a Klein-Gordon field in two dimensions.We establish a-priori-bounds on the solutions of this system with initial data satisfying a size restriction derived from conservation of energy.This result,together with the smoothing of"velocity averaging",yields the existence of global weak solutions to the corresponding restricted initial value problem.The size restriction is necessary since energy of the system is indefinite.Finally,we show that the weak solutions preserve the total mass.     

热等离子体裂解天然气制备C2烃

采用氮气热等离子体来裂解天然气制备乙炔乙烯,着重研究了天然气转化率和乙炔、乙烯收率随氮气流量和天然气流量的变化.结果表明,天然气流量与氮气流量之比为11时,可得到较好的结果.当等离子体功率为15kW、天然气流量为3Nm3*h-1、氮气流量为3Nm3*h-1时得到最好的结果.这时天然气转化率为57%,乙炔、乙烯的收率分别为34%和9%;乙炔在反应气中的体积浓度为7.5%,与部分氧化法相似;扣除不参加反应的氮气,乙炔在气相产品中的体积浓度为13.2%,与热力学平衡计算结果基本符合.     

Catalytic partial oxidation of methane using RhSr- and Ni-substituted hexaaluminates

This paper reports the results of experimental and modeling efforts to characterize partial oxidation of methane to produce synthesis gas (H₂ and CO) using metal-substituted hexaaluminate catalysts in short-contact-time reactors. Hexaaluminate catalysts offer excellent high-temperature stability compared to the equivalent metal-based catalysts. The hexaaluminates are synthesized by a metal-exchange process using alumoxane precursors that enable a wide range of metal substitutions. Of all the combinations tested, RhSr-substituted hexaaluminates yielded the best performance. The catalysts are supported on alumina porous-foam structures, which are positioned within a tube furnace to control the operating temperature. Two-stage combinations of RhSr- and Ni-substituted hexaaluminates are shown to improve conversion activity and selectivity compared to a single-catalyst system.