Electrochemical performance of lead acid battery using ammonium hydrogen sulphate with different alkyl groups

In this work, the application of ionic liquids (ILs)??mono-, bicycyclohexyl, monohexyl and tetrahexyl ammonium hydrogen sulphate??as electrolyte additives on the electrochemical performance of lead acid batteries is proposed. The electrochemical behaviour of Pb?C1.66% Sb?C0.24% Sn alloy in sulphuric acid solution is investigated in the presence of the mentioned ILs with different numbers of alkyl or cycloalkyl chains. Particularly, the hydrogen and oxygen evolution potential and anodic layer characteristics were studied using cyclic and linear sweep voltammetric methods. The obtained results indicate that hydrogen evolution overpotential of Pb/Sb/Sn alloy in the presence of ILs increases. This overpotential mainly depends on the concentration of ILs and the number of alkyl and cycloalkyl chains on the cations. Also, the difference between the oxygen oxidation potential in anodic and cathodic scans (?E) decreases using different ILs.     

Thermal neutron induced charged particle reactions in radioactive targets of37Ar,109Cd,125Xe,127Xe,and132Cs

Thermal neutron induced charged particle reactions in a radioactive target of³⁷Ar have been studied. Upper limits of the cross-sections for the (n, α) reaction in radioactive targets of¹⁰⁹Cd,^{125, 127}Xe, and¹³²Cs have been obtained. The isotopically pure targets were produced at the ISOLDE facility at CERN and irradiated with thermal neutrons at the high flux reactor of the Institute Laue-Langevin in Grenoble. Charged particles from (n, p) and (n, α) reactions in³⁷Ar were observed with cross-sections of 69±14b and 1970 ±330b, respectively. TheQ-values for these reactions were determined to be 1600 ±12 keV and 4630±7 keV, in agreement with existing mass data. The branching ratio Γ_α/Γ_p of the³⁷Ar capturing state was found to be 28.5±2.7. An upper limit of the cross-section for the (n, γα) reaction in³⁷Ar was obtained.     

Strict inductive limits in locally convex cones

We propose a definition for strict inductive limits in locally convex cones. By this definition, we prove that the strict inductive limit of a sequence of locally convex cones with the strict separation property has the same strict separation property. Also we establish that the strict inductive limit of a sequences of separated cones is separated too. Finally we verify barreledness for this strict inductive limit.     

Mixed convection of a conducting third-grade fluid past an oscillating porous plate

We study heat transfer in the incompressible flow of a conducting third-grade fluid subject to a uniform magnetic field past an oscillating porous vertical plate.We obtain the analytical form of the boundary-layer velocity profile, the temperature profile, and the skin friction coefficient for small deviations from the Newtonian rheology. We examine the dependence of these quantities on the Prandtl number, the mixed convection parameter, the Hartmann number, and the suction parameter.     

Co-Combination of Pregabalin and Withania coagulans-Extract-Loaded Topical Gel Alleviates Allodynia and Hyperalgesia in the Chronic Sciatic Nerve Constriction Injury for Neuropathic Pain in Animal Model

The current study reports the fabrication of co-combination gel using Pregabalin and Withania coagulans fruit extract to validate its effectiveness for neuropathic pain in chronic constriction injury (CCI) rat models. Three topical gels were prepared using Carbopol 934 through a pseudo-ternary phase diagram incorporating the Pregabalin (2.5%), Withania coagulans extract (2%), and co-combination of both Pregabalin (2.5%) and Withania coagulans extract (2%). Gels were characterized. FTIR showed a successful polymeric network of the gel without any interaction. The drug distribution at the molecular level was confirmed by XRD. The AFM images topographically indicated the rough surface of gels with a size range from 0.25 to 330 nm. DSC showed the disappearance of sharp peaks of the drug and extract, showing successful incorporation into the polymeric network of gels. The in vitro drug release of co-combination gel was 73% over 48 h. The mechanism of drug release by combination gel was Higuchi+ fickian with values of n (0.282) and R² (0.947). An in vivo study for pain assessment via four methods: (i) heat hyperalgesia, (ii) cold allodynia, (iii) mechano-hyperalgesia, and (iv) dynamic mechano-allodynia, confirmed that topical treatment with co-combination gel reduced the pain significantly as indicated by the p value: R1 (p < 0.001), R2 (p < 0.001), R3 (p < 0.015), and R4 (p < 0.0344). The significance order was R2 (****) > R1 (***) > R3 (**) > R4 (*) > R5 (ns).     

A constructive approach to the finite wavelet frames over prime fields

In this article, we present a constructive method for computing the frame coefficients of finite wavelet frames over prime fields using tools from computational harmonic analysis and group theory.     

The influence of Hall current and heat transfer on the flow of a fourth grade fluid

In this article, a mathematical model is analyzed to investigate the effects of Hall current and heat transfer on the flow of a fourth grade fluid between two heated and rotating disks. The corresponding problem of velocity and temperature are solved analytically by homotopy analysis method. Comparison is given between the results of velocity in fourth grade, third grade, second grade, and viscous fluids. The variation of pertinent parameters are graphed and discussed. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq 2010     

Intuitionistic fuzzy quasi-ideals of ordered semigroups

In this paper we define intuitionistic fuzzy quasi-ideals of ordered semigroups. The main result of the paper is a characterization of quasi-ideals in terms of intuitionistic fuzzy quasi-ideals. We also characterize left simple, right simple, and completely regular ordered semigroups in terms of intuitionistic fuzzy quasi-ideals. We study the decomposition of left and right simple ordered semigroups using intuitionistic fuzzy quasi-ideals.     

Electro-organic synthesis of tetrahydroimidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-5(1H)-one via a multicomponent reaction

Molecular Diversity - Electro-synthesis through a one-pot three-component condensation of corresponding aldehydes, Meldrum’s acid, and 2-(nitromethylene)imidazolidine resulted in a series of...