垃圾填埋气体渗流过程中压力分布的滑脱解

考虑气体滑脱效应条件下,建立了垃圾填埋场气体渗流的数学模型．采用摄动法及积分变换法对模型进行解析求解,定量研究填埋气体的压力分布特征,并结合监测数据对模型参数与模型可靠性进行灵敏度分析和验证．结果表明:滑脱效应对气体渗流有较大影响,考虑滑脱效应条件的气体压力小于未考虑滑脱效应条件的气体压力,且得到的滑脱解与实测数值吻合较好．因此,研究填埋气体渗流时不能忽略滑脱效应．这不仅对于填埋场释放气体控制系统的设计和管理提供理论依据,而且可为低渗透油气藏工程开发过程中试井数据的确定提供科学的技术支持．     

DOUBLE-MEDIUM CONSTITUTIVE MODEL OF GEOLOGICAL MATERIAL IN UNIAXIAL TENSION AND COMPRESSION

Based on elasto-plasticity and damage mechanics, a double-medium constitutive model of geological material under uniaxial tension and compression was presented, on the assumption that rock and soil materials are the pore-fracture double-medium, and porous medium has no damage occurring, while fracture medium has damage occurring with load. To the implicit equation of the model, iterative method was adopted to obtain the complete stress-strain curve of the material. The result shows that many different distributions (uniform distribution, concentrated distribution and random distribution) of fractures in rock and soil material are the essential reasons of the daedal constitutive relations. By the reason that the double-medium constitutive model separates the material to be porous medium part, which is the main body of elasticity, and fracture medium part, which is the main body of damage, it is of important practical values and theoretical meanings to the study on failure of rock and soil or materials containing damage.     

SLIPPAGE SOLUTION OF GAS PRESSURE DISTRIBUTION IN PROCESS OF LANDFILL GAS SEEPAGE

A mathematical model of landfill gas migration was established under presumption of the effect of gas slippage. The slippage solutions to the nonlinear mathematical model were accomplished by the perturbation and integral transformation method. The distribution law of gas pressure in landfill site was presented under the conditions of considering and neglecting slippage effect. Sensitivity of the model input parameters was analyzed. The model solutions were compared to observation values. Results show that gas slippage effect has a large impact on gas pressure distribution. Landfill gas pressure and pressure gradient considering slippage effect is lower than that neglecting slippage effect, with reasonable agreement between model solution and measured data. It makes clear that the difference between considering and neglecting slippage effect is obvious and the effects of coupling cannot be ignored. The theoretical basis is provided for engineering design of security control and decision making of gas exploitation in landfill site. The solutions give scientific foundation to analyzing well test data in the process of low-permeability oil gas reservoir exploitation.     

禽流感病毒流式微球量子点探针免疫诊断新方法

采用微波法水相中合成羧基化的绿色量子点,通过羧基与禽流感单克隆抗体氨基的共价结合,制备了检测禽流感病毒的探针,并结合流式微球技术,建立了量子点生物探针流式微球免疫检测禽流感病毒的新方法.以聚苯乙烯微球为蛋白质载体,将多克隆抗体包被到荧光微球上,依次加入待测抗原和量子点生物探针,形成双抗体夹心复合物,用流式细胞仪进行检测.实验结果表明,多抗和单抗的最佳质量浓度分别为92和4 mg/L,检测禽流感病毒比双抗体夹心ELISA灵敏16倍,比FITC标记单抗检测方法灵敏4倍.对阳性尿囊液的检测与ELISA呈现良好的相关性,不与鸡传染性支气管炎病毒、鸡马力克氏病毒、新城疫病毒等发生交叉反应.     

填埋气体迁移气-热-力耦合动力学模型的研究

基于连续介质力学—势弹性力学原理，运用多场耦合理论建立了填理场中可压缩垃圾气体迁移耦合的动力学模型，并采用摄动法及积分变换法对该强非线性数学模型进行拟解析求解。通过算例对比分析，探讨了耦侵动力场中气压、温度和应力变化对可压缩气体迁移的影响，得出了垃圾气体迁移过程中的孔隙压力分布规律。结果表明，三场耦合作用与非耦合作用相对差别较大，耦合效应不能忽略。这为定量化研究垃圾气体在填埋场中的扩散状况以及污染气体的排放和收集、防止二次污染提供了可靠的理论依据。     

Fe掺杂纳米ZnO的制备及其光催化性能研究

采用改进的溶胶-凝胶法,无需研磨,制备出不同掺杂浓度的纳米Zn1-xFexO(0.00≤x≤O.03)样品.利用TG-DTA对前驱物样品的成分进行了分析,利用XRD,SEM和UV-Vis等方法对煅烧后样品的结构、形貌及光学性质进行了表征.结果显示:80℃烘干后,未掺杂样品前驱物为Zn3(C6H5O7)2,700℃煅烧后,Zn1-xFexO样品均属六方纤锌矿结构,Fe的掺杂没有引入新的杂相,晶粒均呈现为纳米球形颗粒.其具有很宽的光吸收频段和优异的紫外吸收特性,且随Fe浓度的增大光吸收边发生红移.当x=0.007时纳米Zn1-xFexO的光催化性能最好,对甲基橙溶液的降解效率高达99.71;.     

时效处理温度对预应变碳素钢疲劳极限的影响

对3种不同预应变量的碳素钢实施时效处理，并进行弯曲疲劳实验，实验结果表明：材料的疲劳极限同时受预应变量和时效处理温度的影响，使其疲劳极限为最大值时所对应的最优时效处理温度随预应变量的增大而降低。     

MQW-LDA泵浦Nd:YLF激光器调Q的动力学过程及双机制作用

本文报道了国产多量子阱半导体激光列阵(MQW-LDA)泵浦Nd:YLF调Q脉冲脉宽.峰值功率与输出耦合率、泵浦速率、调制深度及延迟时间之间关系的实验,得到稳定的(起伏<1%)调Q脉冲输出,脉冲能量为0.8μJ,FWHM为70ns,脉冲重复率为100Hz,光-光效率2.5%;利用增益开关和Q开关双机制作用,压窄了调Q脉宽,提高了输出功率.用速率方程理论对过程计算,与实验结果较符合.