A simulation study of Tsinghua Thomson scattering X-ray source

Thomson scattering X-ray sources are compact and a?ordable facilities that produce short duration, high brightness X-ray pulses enabling new experimental capacities in ultra-fast science studies, and also medical and industrial applications. Such a facility has been built at the Accelerator Laboratory of Tsinghua University, and upgrade is in progress. In this paper, we present a proposed layout of the upgrade with design parameters by simulation, aiming at high X-ray pulses flux and brightness, and also enabling advanced dynamics studies and applications of the electron beam. Design and construction status of main subsystems are also presented.     

装药量及水深对水下爆炸气泡动态特性的影响

以气泡体积加速度模型为基础研究水下爆炸气泡运动的初始条件,采用MSC.DYTRAN 非线性 有限元软件,结合开发的定义流场初始条件与边界条件的子程序,研究水下爆炸气泡运动特性,包括气泡的脉 动、坍塌以及射流等运动特性,并将气泡脉动体积计算结果与实验及边界积分方法计算结果进行对比,验证了 有限元模型的正确性与有效性。以此为基础,得到初始水深、装药量与气泡的脉动体积、最大半径、周期以及 射流速度之间的关系,计算结果与经验公式具有较好的一致性。得到一些有规律性的曲线,可为相关水下爆 炸气泡动态特性研究提供参考。     

群体智能对产业集群自适应行为描述的研究

侧重研究了产业集群的自适应行为的描述,借鉴群集智能的理论算法来描述集群中的典型自适应行为,具体包括改进蚁群分工模型用于描述集群核心能力的自适应形成行为、改进蚁群合作搬运模型用于描述集群中自适应合作行为和借鉴蚁群算法中信息素思想描述集群中的自适应竞争行为,这些自适应行为模型将为进一步形成产业集群的建模仿真提供了基础．     

Steady-State Analysis of a Two-Mode Laser System with Cross-Correlation Between Real and Imaginary Parts of Quantum Noise

An inhomogeneously broadened two-mode laser system with cross-correlations between the real and imag- inary parts of quantum noise is considered. The Fokker-Planek equation of the system is derived by the phase-locking method. The steady-state probability distribution, the mean light intensity, the normalization autocorrelation function, and cross correlation function are calculated. The results indicate that： （i） The cross-correlation between the real and imaginary parts of quantum noise can cause the stationary probability distribution from one peak structure to two extrema structure when the laser system is operated above threshold; （ii） The cross-correlation between the real and imaginary parts of quantum noise enhance the light intensity fluctuation and decrease the laser output when the laser system is operated below or near threshold; （iii） The effect of the cross-correlation between the real and imaginary parts of quantum noise is very weak on the stationary properties when the laser system is operated far above threshold.     

超高速碰撞2A12铝靶过程中Al~+的光谱辐射特征

材料受到强冲击会产生闪光和等离子体效应。通过超高速碰撞实验并结合多种先进测试手段,推导出了适用于计算超高速碰撞产生等离子体电离度的沙哈(Saha)公式,为超高速碰撞过程中弹丸和靶板的物质组成分析提供了强有力的工具。基于二级轻气炮加载系统结合等离子体特征参量诊断的Triple Langmuir probe诊断系统和光谱辐射测量的ESA4000光谱仪系统,进行了3种不同碰撞速度条件下的超高速碰撞实验。实验结果表明,超高速碰撞2A12铝靶产生闪光辐射中包含Al+的光谱辐射;通过实验数据的解析进一步揭示了光谱强度与弹丸速度的关系。随着弹丸速度的增加,Al+的辐射光谱强度增大,由2A12铝激发的Al+光谱中小波长所对应谱线的辐射光谱强度比长波长所对应谱线的辐射光谱强度增加更快。关于2A12铝靶在超高速撞击载荷下产生铝离子的光谱辐射特征以及辐射温度研究在航天器防护空间碎片、导弹拦截、天体物理及深空探测领域具有重要的应用价值,此外,等离子体的特征参量测量和光谱辐射特征研究,对于在微观层面深刻揭示超高速碰撞现象具有重要的理论意义。     

NiO/Ni纳米线阵列紫外光电探测器的设计

设计了一种基于MSP430的NiO/Ni纳米线阵列紫外光电探测器。选用MSP430F149单片机作为主控芯片,液晶显示器作为输出端口,具有高光电探测灵敏性的新材料NiO/Ni纳米线阵列为探头,制作了信号采集、信号处理转换以及显示于一体的NiO/Ni纳米线阵列紫外光电探测器。本文NiO/Ni光电探测器以实用、可靠为目的,为研制更完善的光电探测系统奠定良好的基础。     

Poisson分布易被忽视的重要性质

"Poisson分布的总体均数与其观察单位成正比",这是一个被忽视的性质,但这是一个很基本的性质,在一些问题的解决中它是必需的.本文讨论了这个性质,并举例说明它在实际问题中的应用,然后对此内容在授课过程中的安排提出建议.     

PTFE辐射接枝对苯乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷制备质子交换膜

采用聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)膜室温下共辐射接枝单体p-苯乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷(StSi),之后经磺化和水解缩聚制备了含有亲水性的—Si—O—Si—交联结构和Si—OH基团的质子交换膜.研究了溶剂、吸收剂量、吸收剂量率以及单体浓度等参数对接枝率的影响,并对质子交换膜的离子交换容量(IEC)、吸水性、尺寸稳定性及电导率等性能进行了分析.结果表明,实验条件下接枝率随吸收剂量和单体浓度增加而增加,采用3mol·L-1的单体浓度减少均聚物;吸收剂量率为10～43Gy·min-1时,接枝率随剂量率变化不明显;以甲苯做溶剂可获得较高接枝率并保持膜的机械强度;IEC值、吸水性和电导率随接枝率增加而增大,是—SO3H、—Si—O—Si—交联结构和Si—OH基团共同作用的结果.接枝率72.5%时膜的IEC值为1.53mmol·g-1,高于Nafion117(0.89mmol·g-1),90℃吸水率为63%,尺寸稳定(优于Nafion117),质子电导率达1.5×10-2S·cm-1,获得了低于Nafion117的甲醇透过性,接枝率50.1%时甲醇透过系数0.82×10-6cm2·s-1.     

An Unusual Occurrence in the Reaction of 4-Azasteroid Derivatives with N-Fluorodibenzenesulfonimide and Lithium Diisopropylamide

The reaction of N,N-diethyl-3-oxo-4-methyl-4-aza-5-androstane-17β-carboxamide(1) with N-fluorodibenzenesulfonimide(NFA) and lithium diisopropylamide(LDA) was studied.Under absolute anhydrous and anaerobic conditions,the formation of 5(2α-fluoro-4-methyl-3-oxo-4-aza-5α-androstane-17β-carboxylic acid methyl ester) can be rationalized by participating in the expected nucleophilic substitution reaction.Not in absolute anhydrous and anaerobic conditions,the formation of 10(N-di-isopropyl-N'-aryl-sulfonamides(C12H20N2O2S) and 11(N-diethyl-3-oxo-4-methyl-4-aza-5-androstene-17β-carboxamide) can be rationalized by assuming that the situ genera-ted carbanion 2 followed by a single electron transfer mechanism.5,10 and 11 were characterized.10 was a new compound and determined by X-ray single-crystal diffraction.Crystal data for 10:space group C2/c with a = 14.783(2),b = 7.6193(11),c = 24.663(3) ,β = 98.688(3)o,V = 2746.1(7) nm3,Mr = 256.36,Z = 8,Dc = 1.240 g/cm3,μ = 0.229 mm-1,F(000) = 1104,R = 0.0511 and wR = 0.1268.There exist intramolecular H-bonds which result in a supramolecular framework of the title compound.The formation mechanisms of 10 and 11 were also discussed briefly.     

新型温度自适应性驱油剂的合成及性能评价

以丙烯酰胺（AM）、2-甲基-2-丙烯酰胺基-丙磺酸(AMPS)、甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(DMC)和甲基丙烯醇聚氧乙烯醚(HEPG)为单体,合成了一种新型温度自适应性驱油剂PMHA,其结构和微观形貌经IR和SEM等表征。采用岩心驱替实验评价了PMHA的驱油性能。结果表明：PMHA有良好的热稳定性,微观形貌呈网状结构;PMHA溶液浓度为2000mg/L时,粘度为100.8mPa·s;温度为100℃时,总体粘度保留率超过50%;PMHA驱油效果良好,提高采收率约25.51%。