环境扫描电镜及其应用

叙述了环境扫描电镜（ＥＳＥＭ）的成像原理———电子信号气体放大原理及其与常规扫描电镜（ＳＥＭ）的区别，介绍了我国第一台带高温台的ＥＳＥＭ．综述了近年来国外学者应用ＥＳＥＭ开展的一些研究工作．介绍了中国科学院化工冶金研究所应用ＫＹＫＹ１５００型ＥＳＥＭ对金属表面氧化反应中晶须／晶粒生长过程的研究     

Temperature and metal composition dependence of lateral photovoltaic effect in Al-Alq3/SiO2/Si structures

A series of Al=-（Alq3）l-x granular films is prepared on Si wafer with native oxide layer using co-evaporation technique. Large lateral photovoltaic effect （LPE） is observed, with an optimal LPV sensitivity of 75 mV/mm in x=0.35 sample. The dependence of LPE on temperature and A1 composition is investigated, and the possible mechanism is discussed.     

Depressing defocusing effect in microscopy by bi-orthogonal wavelet transform

For different dimensions, heights and irregular shapes, small and large particles cannot be viewed simultaneously as sharp images under the microscope due to optical defocusing effects. Bi-orthogonal wavelet transform is used in this paper to depress such defocusing effect by merging the wavelet coefficients of the image series. The algorithm is presented in detail, using SWE(13,7) and CDF(2,2), and a few particle images are provided to validate the proposed method.     

Effect of graft polymer prepared by living radical polymerisation on electro-optical properties of polymer dispersed liquid crystal

In this study, a graft polymer matrix prepared by living radical polymerisation had been incorporated into polymer dispersed liquid crystals (PDLCs). The electro-optical properties of the PDLCs were investigated. The results showed that the length and density of graft chain had a great influence on the memory effect of the PDLCs. Low-driving-voltage and weak-memory-effect PDLCs could easily be obtained with a graft polymer matrix.     

Simulation of Three-Spin Interaction in Coupled Cavities Chain

We generalize usual second-order effective Hamiltonian approximation into third-order. Employing the generalized method, we propose a scheme to generate three-spin interaction using coupled cavity chain. We show that the third order term not only improves two parties interaction but also induces direct three-spin interaction which has not been simulated before. By controlling the frequency of laser field, one can obtain next nearest neighbor interaction on the same order with the nearest neighbor’s or the three-spin interaction on the same order as next nearest neighbor’s.     

Advances in Electrochemical Decarboxylative Transformation Reactions

Owing to their non-toxic, stable, inexpensive properties, carboxylic acids are considered as environmentally benign alternatives as coupling partners in various organic transformations. Electrochemical mediated decarboxylation of carboxylic acid has emerged as a new and efficient methodology for the construction of carbon-carbon or carbon-heteroatom bonds. Compared with transition-metal catalysis and photoredox catalysis, electro-organic decarboxylative transformations are considered as a green and sustainable protocol due to the absence of chemical oxidants and strong bases. Further, it exhibits good tolerance with various functional groups. In this Minireview, we summarize the recent advances and discoveries on the electrochemical decarboxylative transformations on C−C and C−heteroatoms bond formations.     

TiO_2/CuPc/NiFe-LDH photoanode for efficient photoelectrochemical water splitting

Photoelectrochemical(PEC) water splitting is a promising approach for renewable hydrogen production.However,the practical PEC solar-to-fuel conversion efficiency is still low owing to poor light absorption and rapid recombination of charge carriers in photoelectrode.In this work,we report a ternary photoanode with simultaneously enhancement of light absorption and water oxidation efficiency by introducing copper phthalocyanine(CuPc) and nickel iron-laye red double hydroxide(NiFe-LDH) on TiO_2(denoted as TiO_2/CuPc/NiFe-LDH).An experimental study reveals that CuPc loading on TiO_2 bring strong visible light absorption;NiFe-LDH as an oxygen evolution reaction catalyst efficiently accelerates the surface water oxidation reaction.This synergistic effect of CuPc and NiFe-LDH gives enhanced photocurrent density(2.10 mA/cm2 at 0.6 V vs.SCE) and excellent stability in the ternary TiO_2/CuPc/NiFeLDH photoanode.     

A numerical study for the KdV and the good Boussinesq equations using Fourier Chebyshev tau meshless method

The current paper presents a scheme, which combines Fourier spectral method and Chebyshev tau meshless method based on the highest derivative (CTMMHD) to solve the nonlinear KdV equation and the good Boussinesq equation. Fourier spectral method is used to approximate the spatial variable, and the problem is converted to a series of equations with Fourier coefficients as unknowns. Then, CTMMHD is applied blockwise in time direction. For the long time computing of solitons, we introduce the computational area moving technique. The numerical results show that the accuracy of Fourier-CTMMHD is good and the computational area moving technique makes the long-time numerical behavior well for the problems with solitons moving towards the same direction.