具有两参数的椭圆型方程Robin问题解的渐近性态

讨论了一类具有双参数的椭圆型方程边值问题.引入伸长变量,构造了问题的形式渐近解.利用微分不等式理论,证明了边值问题渐近解的存在性和一致有效性.由解的结构指出,在两参数一定的情况下,相应问题的解只具有二个边界层.     

Reconsideration to the deactivation of TiO2 catalyst during simultaneous photocatalytic reduction of Cr(VI) and oxidation of salicylic acid

Photocatalytic reduction/oxidation and deactivation of TiO₂ photocatalyst was investigated in the systems composed of Cr(VI) and salicylic acid. The selection of analysis method of Cr(IV) was very important to the monitoring of the photocatalytic process. It was found that as previously reported, serious deactivation of TiO₂ catalyst in the simultaneous photo-reduction of Cr(VI) and oxidation of salicylic acid was incorrectly observed if the Cr(VI) level was analyzed by directly monitoring the absorbance at characteristic 348 nm band of Cr(VI), because it seriously suffers from the interferences of the intermediates generated from the degradation of salicylic acid. By using an appropriate method to determine the Cr(VI) concentration, it was observed that all the added Cr(VI) could be reduced, not showing marked deactivation of the photocatalyst. A long time photocatalytic reduction of Cr(VI) under UV illumination induced the deposition of Cr(III) species on the surface of TiO₂ particles, which could cause a mild deactivation of the photocatalyst. However, the accompanied oxidation of salicylic acid was demonstrated to depress the deactivation effect of the deposited Cr(III) species on the photocatalytic activity of the TiO₂ photocatalyst.     

Propagation characteristics of TM Gaussian beam

The propagation characteristics of TM polarized Gaussian beam, which is the rigorous solution of an eigenfunction problem for a confocal resonator, have been investigated using the nonparaxial vectorial moment theory of light beam propagation. The analytical expressions of the beam propagation factors are given by means of Fourier transform. Both the transversal second-order moment beam widths follow a simple hyperbolic variational law. For nonparaxial case, however, beam has different propagating features in the two transversal directions. As to paraxial case, its propagation approximately reduces to that of scalar Gaussian beam TEM₀₀ mode.     

一类具有摄动边界的弱非线性反应扩散方程

研究了具有摄动边界的非线性反应扩散方程的问题.在适当的条件下,利用微分不等式理论,讨论了问题的渐近解.     

Optimal proportional reinsurance and investment with multiple risky assets and no-shorting constraint

In this paper, the basic claim process is assumed to follow a Brownian motion with drift. In addition, the insurer is allowed to invest in a risk-free asset and n risky assets and to purchase proportional reinsurance. Under the constraint of no-shorting, we consider two optimization problems: the problem of maximizing the expected exponential utility of terminal wealth and the problem of minimizing the probability of ruin. By solving the corresponding Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman equations, explicit expressions for their optimal value functions and the corresponding optimal strategies are obtained. In particular, when there is no risk-free interest rate, the results indicate that the optimal strategies, under maximizing the expected exponential utility and minimizing the probability of ruin, are equivalent for some special parameter. This validates Ferguson’s longstanding conjecture about the relation between the two problems.     

Thermally induced reaction of diazoamides with isatins: A complementary approach to the 3,3′-bioxindole derivatives

An efficient and thermally induced reaction of diazoamide with isatin under mild reaction conditions is described, which provides a complementary approach to the 3,3′-bioxindole in high yields with excellent diastereoselectivity. In comparison to the metal-catalyzed versions, this is the only example under catalyst-free conditions via a non-carbene reaction pathway.     

Structural requirement of C11b chirality of tetrabenazine analogs as VMAT2 imaging ligands: synthesis and in vivo evaluation

We studied on the structural requirement of C11b chirality of tetrabenazine (TBZ) analogs as vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) ligands. TBZ analogs (2, 6a, 6b) and ¹⁸F-radiolabeled [¹⁸F]6a and [¹⁸F]6b with eliminated C11b chirality were synthesized and characterized. Competition studies demonstrated that 2, 6a and 6b displayed much lower in vivo VMAT2 bindings than TBZ. MicroPET imaging studies of [¹⁸F]6a and [¹⁸F]6b showed negligible accumulation in VMAT2-enriched regions as compared with the known VMAT2 ligand ¹⁸F-FP-(+)-DTBZ. These results suggest that C11b chirality of TBZ analogs is essential for in vivo VMAT2 binding bioactivity.     

离子交换法制备廉价而高效的可见光驱动CaMg(CO3)2@Ag2CO3微球光催化剂

Ag2CO3是一种典型的银基半导体,可在可见光照射下降解各种有机染料,但制备成本高,光腐蚀严重,稳定性差,难以循环利用等,因而限制了它的实际应用.针对这些问题,目前多数的改进措施是构建异质结,有效的分离光生电子与空穴来提高Ag2CO3的光催化性能.比如典型的异质结光催化剂有TiO2/Ag2CO3,Ag2CO3/ZnO,Ag2O/Ag2CO3和AgX/Ag2CO3等.也有在表面化学沉积,光化学还原Ag等贵金属形成等离子体等方式提高其光催化性能,但是很少通过特殊形貌控制以提高Ag2CO3的光催化性能.最近的研究表明,由于多尺度微球结构催化剂具有高效的光捕能力,同时具有比表面积大、易沉降,良好的物质传输能力和表面的渗透性,因而在液相光催化反应中具有明显的优势.因此,我们期望制备出一个多尺度微球结构Ag2CO3光催化剂.CaMg(CO3)2是一种具有微球结构的半导体,它与Ag2CO3有相同的阴离子结构,但是两者在水溶液中的溶解度相差较大,利用这个特性理论上可以将两个不同的半导体结合在一起,得到一种新型的复合微球.本文以CaMg(CO3)2微球为硬模板,通过简单的离子交换成功制备了粒径约为10μm的CaMg(CO3)2@Ag2CO3微球.利用X射线衍射、N2物理吸附、扫描电镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱和紫外-可见漫反射吸收光谱、光电流等手段对在不同反应时间与温度下制得的CaMg(CO3)2与Ag2CO3的复合物进行了表征.结果表明,在40°C下Ag+与Ca2+、Mg2+离子交换4 h后,得到了一种多尺度CaMg(CO3)2@Ag2CO3复合微球.此时,微球中Ag2CO3的含量约为2.56%.结果表明,这种具有多尺度结构的复合微球能够增强可见光的吸收.电化学阻抗测试和光电流测试表明,CaMg(CO3)2核的存在可以降低光生载流子的迁移阻力,进而促进光生电子与空穴的分离.在光降解酸性橙II的测试中,核壳结构的CaMg(CO3)2@Ag2CO3复合微球表现出了更高的催化活性,而且具有更好的循环使用性能.同时,相对于纯Ag2CO3光催化剂来说,CaMg(CO3)2@Ag2CO3复合微球制备的成本大幅度降低.ESR测试证明了·OH为CaMg(CO3)2@Ag2CO3复合微球光催化过程中的主要活性物质.     

Synthesis, characterization and hydrodesulfurization activity of silica-dispersed NiMoW trimetallic catalysts

Silica-dispersed NiMoW trimetallic hydrodesulfurization catalysts were prepared by deposition-precipitation method. For comparative purposes, bulk NiMoW trimetallic catalysts were obtained by co-precipitation. Silica was employed to disperse active metals for full utilization of active components and silica-dispersed NiMoW catalyst had high active metal content. BET analysis showed that silica-dispersed NiMoW trimetallic catalysts had a high surface area (165.1 m²/g) and pore volume (0.27 ml/g). Transmission electron microscopy results proved that active components were well dispersed. Hydrodesulfurization activity of silica-dispersed NiMoW catalysts was much higher than that of comparative catalysts and up to twice greater than those of commercial NiMo alumina-supported systems per gram of catalyst.     

Studies on the structure and catalytic performance of Cu-Zn-Al catalyst prepared by liquid-phase preparation technology under different heat treatment atmosphere

Cu-Zn-Al slurry catalysts were prepared using a complete liquid-phase preparation technology under different heat treatment atmospheres. The catalysts were characterized using X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscope, and N2 adsorption-desorption. Their application in the single-step synthesis of dimethyl ether from syngas was also investigated. The results indicate that the type of heat treatment atmosphere has an influence on the Cu species and the Cu⁰/Cu⁺ ratio on the catalyst surface. Moreover, the final Cu/Zn ratio on the catalyst surface is mainly dependent on the composition and reaction environment of the catalyst and little on the type of heat treatment atmosphere. The prepared catalysts can suppress sintering of active sites at high temperatures, and the type of heat treatment atmosphere mainly affects the capability of the catalyst for methanol synthesis. The catalysts perform best using N2 as the heat treatment atmosphere.