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101.
During the course of the study of the hydrothermal stability of alanine oligopeptides, a small amount of oligopeptides longer than the starting oligopeptides was found in the reaction products. On the basis of this unexpected finding and the investigation of the reaction mechanism, the elongation of oligopeptides using (Ala)3, (Ala)4, and (Ala)5 was attempted in aqueous solution at 275-310 degrees C within the second time range using a microflow reactor system. The elongation of (Ala)4 and (Ala)5 succeeded in the presence of an excess amount of Ala monomer. This is probably due to the fact that the elongation rate is competitive or somewhat faster than the degradation of peptide bonding. On the contrary, the elongation of (Ala)3 was not possible since it was immediately converted to diketopiperazine. 相似文献
102.
Yuko?Ogihara Richard?L.?SmithJr.Email author Hiroshi?Inomata Kunio?Arai 《Cellulose (London, England)》2005,12(6):595-606
Direct observations of the heating of microcrystalline cellulose (230 DP) in water at temperatures up to 410 °C and at pressures
up to 700 MPa were made with a batch-type microreactor. Cellulose particles were found to dissolve with water over temperatures
ranging from 315 to 355 °C at high pressures. Dissolution temperatures depended on water density and decreased from about
350 °C at a water density of 560 kg/m3 to a minimum of around 320 °C at a water density of 850 kg/m3. At densities greater than 850 kg/m3, the dissolution temperatures increased and reached a value of about 347 °C at 980 kg/m3. The cellulose dissolution temperatures were independent of heating rates for values ranging from 10 to 17 °C/s. The low
dependence of dissolution temperatures on the heating rates is strong evidence for simultaneous dissolution and reaction of
the cellulose. Different phenomena occurred depending on water density. At low densities, particles turned transparent and
seemed to dissolve into the aqueous phase from the surface. From 670 to 850 kg/m3, the cellulose particles visibly swelled just before completely collapsing and dissolving into the aqueous phase. The swelling
probably increased water accessibility and particle surface area and thus lead to the lower dissolution temperatures observed.
From 850 to 1000 kg/m3, the particles required longer times to dissolve and many fine brown-like particles were generated as the particles dissolved.
FT-IR spectra of the residues were analyzed. Residues formed from heating cellulose at high densities still retained some
cellulose character whereas those as low densities had little cellulose character, especially in the O–H stretching vibration
region. 相似文献
103.
This paper summarizes some hitherto unpublished findings on factors affecting or resulting from social mobility, based on
data obtained from the Social Stratification and Social Mobility Survey conducted in 1955 by the Research Committee of the
Japan Sociological Society.1) Section I is concerned with factors related to inter-generation occupational mobility, Section II with inter-generation educational
mobility, and Section III with occupational mobility within the individual’s lifetime. In additon, in Section IV relations
between social mobility and respondent’s attitudes will be dealt with. 相似文献
104.
105.
Yoshimasa Hirata Hisao Nakata Kiyoyuki Yamada Kunio Okuhara Takayuki Naito 《Tetrahedron》1961,14(3-4):252-274
The structure of aureothin, the third nitro compound obtained from nature, has been elucidated as I. Several reactions of aureothin and its derivatives are described. 相似文献
106.
A structure of the sex pheromone produced by the female cigarette beetle (Lasioderma serricorne F.) is established as 4,6-dimethyl-7-hydroxy-nonan-3-one (Ia) by chemical and spectroscopic evidences. 相似文献
107.
Highly dilute mixtures of 1,3-butadiene and 1,3-butadiene-1,1,4,4-d4 were pyrolyzed behind reflected and incident shock waves, respectively. Concentrations of H and D atoms were measured by resonance absorption spectroscopy. In the early stages of the reaction, nearly equal amounts of H and D were formed from CD2CHCHCD2, indicating that loss of H from C2 followed by loss of D from C1 is a more important reaction than breaking of the central C? C bond. Overall, rate constants for atom-forming reactions are much slower than rate constants for disappearance of butadiene in earlier experiments, suggesting that most of the butadiene disappears by processes that do not involve H or D atoms or by radicals that produce them rapidly. 相似文献
108.
109.
A small column packed with immobilized bovine carbonic anhydrase is used for determination of traces of zinc in aqueous solution, based on the measurement of recovered esterase activity of the metal-free apoenzyme after taking up zinc from the sample solution. Conditions for the removal of zinc from the immobilized enzyme and for activity measurement are established. A linear calibration graph is obtained between 1 × 10?8 and 4 × 10?7 g of zinc. Then the method is successfully applied to the determination of zinc in tea, sediment and spring water. 相似文献
110.
Akihiro Tsutsumi Kunio Hikichi Motozo Kaneko Jiro Furuichi 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》1968,6(3):493-498
Nuclear magnetic resonance of poly-β-alanine samples differing in solubility in water was studied over a wide temperature range as part of an investigation of their physical properties. Water-soluble poly-β-alanine has more branches and a lower degree of crystallinity than water-insoluble poly-β-alanine. NMR spectra of poly-β-alanine show one component at 77°K. which splits into two components, broad and narrow, at room temperature. Two transition regions were observed in curves for line width and second moment versus temperature. The higher transition temperature, corresponding to the glass transition of the polymer, appears to decrease with increasing water content. The second moment for the water-soluble polymer differs from that of the water-insoluble polymer at 77°K. This is interpreted in terms of the difference in the degree of crystallinity of the polymers. 相似文献