Neutron bound beta-decay: BOB

Frozen solution samples were made from gold chloride and KAu(CN)₂ solvated with TBP/xylene. The ¹⁹⁷Au M?ssbauer parameters were similar to those same species as frozen solutions or adsorbed onto activated carbon. Solvated samples from EuO dissolved in HCl or H₂SO₄ and frozen gave characteristic Eu(III) spectra. All the spectra were consistent with bonding to the TBP being through hydronium ions or water molecules.     

On the birational anabelian program initiated by Bogomolov I

Recall that a program initiated by Bogomolov in 1990 aims at reconstructing function fields K|k with td(K|k)>1 and k algebraically closed from the maximal pro-ℓ abelian-by-central Galois group P^c  _K\Pi ^{\hbox to1pt{}{\rm c}_{\phantom {g}}}_{K} of K, where ℓ is any prime number ≠char(k). In this paper we complete that program in the case k is an algebraic closure of a finite field.     

Epicatechin B-ring conjugates: first enantioselective synthesis and evidence for their occurrence in human biological fluids

Herein, the first enantioselective total synthesis of a number of biologically relevant (-)-epicatechin conjugates is described. The success of this synthesis relied on (i) optimized conditions for the stereospecific cyclization step leading to the catechin C ring; on (ii) efficient conjugation reactions; and on (iii) optimized deprotection sequences. These standard compounds have been subsequently used to elucidate for the first time the pattern of (-)-epicatechin conjugates present in four different human biological fluids following (-)-epicatechin absorption.     

Electronic fine structure calculation of [Gd(DOTA)(H2O)]– using LF-DFT: The zero field splitting

Zerfo field splitting plays an important role in determining the electron spin relaxation of Gd(III) in solution. We understand the ZFS as an effect depending on the f electron structure and treat it in the framework of ligand field-density functional theory (LF-DFT). We apply this theory to calculate the ZFS of [Gd(DOTA)(H₂O)]^? from first principles, having an insight concerning the contributions determining the ZFS.     

Semi-Synthesis and Analysis of Chemically Modified Zif268 Zinc-Finger Domains

Total synthesis of proteins can be challenging despite assembling techniques, such as native chemical ligation (NCL) and expressed protein ligation (EPL). Especially, the combination of recombinant protein expression and chemically addressable solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) is well suited for the redesign of native protein structures. Incorporation of analytical probes and artificial amino acids into full-length natural protein domains, such as the sequence-specific DNA binding zinc-finger motifs, are of interest combining selective DNA recognition and artificial function. The semi-synthesis of the natural 90 amino acid long sequence of the zinc-finger domain of Zif268 is described including various chemically modified constructs. Our approach offers the possibility to exchange any amino acid within the third zinc finger. The realized modifications of the natural sequence include point mutations, attachment of a fluorophore, and the exchange of amino acids at different positions in the zinc finger by artificial amino acids to create additional metal binding sites. The individual constructs were analyzed by circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy with respect to the integrity of the zinc-finger fold and DNA binding.     

New Ore‐Type Conditions for H‐Linked Graphs

For a fixed (multi)graph H, a graph G is H‐linked if any injection f: V(H)→V(G) can be extended to an H‐subdivision in G. The notion of an H ‐linked graph encompasses several familiar graph classes, including k‐linked, k‐ordered and k‐connected graphs. In this article, we give two sharp Ore‐type degree sum conditions that assure a graph G is H ‐linked for arbitrary H. These results extend and refine several previous results on H ‐linked, k‐linked, and k‐ordered graphs. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 71:69–77, 2012     

Shunting yard operations: Theoretical aspects and applications

Almost ever since freight has been transported via rail, shunting yards (also called classification or marshaling yards) are operated in order to separate freight trains and reassemble new trains. The efficient use of shunting yards has a deep impact on the efficiency and reliability of rail freight services. Thus, much research on shunting yards has been published, starting from the 1950s. Lately, several publications mostly focusing on the sorting procedures have livened up research on shunting yards. This paper reviews the literature on the operational processes at shunting yards over the last 40 years and discusses the operational challenges of freight transshipment. The approaches are classified according to different sorting strategies which allows an easy access to the models for both, researchers and practitioners. The paper concludes with an overview on future research challenges.