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41.
Clouding (or phase separation) in non-ionic surfactants is a well-known phenomenon. Clouding is to be avoided in some applications
whereas in others it is preferred. Herein the results of CP (cloud point—the temperature at which solution separates into
two phases) measurements of the non-ionic surfactant Triton X-114 (TX-114) in the presence of surfactants and polymers are
presented. Cationic and nonionic surfactants, in the absence and presence of the quaternary salt tetrabutylammonium bromide
(TBAB), increase the CP of TX-114. Anionic surfactants, in the absence of TBAB, increase the CP; in the presence of TBAB,
these surfactants decrease the CP. Polymers of PEG and PVP series have been found to decrease the CP. The results are discussed
by taking into consideration the nature of the added surfactants and polymers. 相似文献
42.
Lotte Stockhammer Maximilian Radetzky Dr. Syeda Sadia Khatoon Dr. Matthias Bechmann Prof. Dr. Mario Waser 《European journal of organic chemistry》2023,26(39):e202300704
We herein report a two-step protocol for the asymmetric synthesis of novel chiral benzofused ϵ-lactones starting from O-protected hydroxymethyl-para-quinone methides and activated aryl esters. By using chiral isothiourea Lewis base catalysts a broad variety of differently substituted products could be obtained in yields of around 50 % over both steps with high levels of enantioselectivities, albeit low diastereoselectivities only. 相似文献