Enhancement of light-emitting efficiency using combined plasmonic Ag grating and dielectric grating

Based on the analysis of the near-field evanescent wave in total internal reflection, the flip-chip light-emitting diode (LED) structure was proposed by placing a plasmonic Ag grating and a perforated sapphire grating in the substrate. The finite difference time domain (FDTD) method has been applied to study the spectral properties of the hybrid structure and the enhancement factor of light extraction efficiency of the LED model. From the computation examples, the effects of structure parameters on the extraction enhancement have been investigated. The results indicate that the plasmonic grating can enhance the near-field evanescent wave and couple it to propagation wave in the specific wavelength bands, which leads to the photons emitting out of the LED chip with high extraction efficiency. Due to the combined gratings used, the enhancement factor of the light extraction efficiency can reach approximately 4 times at a relatively longer wavelength.     

Energies and widths of triply excited states of lithiumlike oxygen and neon

Seven low-lying triply exited states of lithium-like oxygen and neon are calculated with the multichannel saddle-point and saddle-point complex-rotation methods. The term energies are given for these excited states, along with level shifts and partial Auger widths from dominant decay channels. The mass polarization effect and relativistic corrections are included. The radiative transition rates are also calculated. These results are compared with other theoretical data in the literature. Received: 25 May 1998 / Revised: 28 July 1998 / Accepted: 25 August 1998     

过渡金属原子团簇的电子能谱与吸收光谱

文献〔１〕从理论上阐明了金属原子团簇的公有化电子能谱具有分裂能级的特点，因而其公有化电子具有吸光的特性，并计算了Ｃｕ与Ａｌ的金属原子团簇的吸收光谱。然后，在文献〔２〕中用此理论计算了碱金属原子团簇的电子能谱与吸收光谱。现进一步推广此理论来计算过渡金属原子团簇的电子能谱与吸收光谱。     

Generation of finite subgroups of the mapping class group of genus 2 surface by Dehn twists

In this note we give presentations, up to conjugacy, of all finite subgroups of the mapping class group of a closed surface of genus 2, using the Humphries generators. An application to homology representations is given.     

Thermally Responsive Materials for Bioimaging

The last decade has witnessed multiple thermally responsive materials emerge as a significant class of stimuli‐responsive materials. These materials are elaborately designed and exert interesting properties. Herein, an overview of thermally responsive materials with respect to design strategies, fabrication procedures, and their applications is presented. Recently reported thermally responsive materials are highlighted. Then, applications of thermally responsive materials in bioimaging are summarized.     

The geometrical structure,electronic structure and magnetism of bimetallic Au<Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">n</Emphasis></Subscript>M<Subscript>2</Subscript> (<Emphasis Type="Italic">n</Emphasis>=1, 2; M=Y,Zr, Nb,Mo, Tc,Ru, Rh,Pd) clusters

The geometrical structure, stability, magnetism, and electronic structure of bimetallic clusters AuM₂ and Au₂M₂, where M are 4d transition metal elements, are investigated systematically by using the first-principles method based on density functional theory. The calculation results show that there is a large amount of low-energy isomers with the very similar structure. AuM₂ and Au₂M₂ clusters display dramatic magnetism. The magnetic moment of the 4d element is either enhanced or weakened with respect to the bulk value, which is largely dependent on the orbital exchange-splitting. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 10674015 and 10604035)     

Different crystal structures and luminescent properties of zinc and cadmium coordination polymers constructed from two flexible thioether ligands with different alkyl chains

Treatments of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic dithioether ligands, 1,2-bis(4-(pyridin-3-yl) pyrimidin-2-ylthio) ethane (L¹) and 1,3-bis (4-(pyridin-3-yl) pyrimidin-2-ylthio) propane (L²), with zinc or cadmium salts have resulted in the interesting frameworks with structural motifs from a mononuclear macrocycle or a dinuclear macrocycle to an one-dimensional structure. A small difference of the alkyl length between L¹ and L² led to conspicuous changes of the fluorescent properties of both ligands and their complexes. Mainly due to the size of metal atoms, structures of [ZnL²I₂] (1) and [CdL²I₂] (2) are varied from a mononuclear macrocycle to a 1D framework, while {[ZnL²(H₂O)₄](ClO₄)₂}₂ (3) and {[CdL²(H₂O)₄](ClO₄)₂}₂ (4) are dinuclear macrocycles in which perchlorate anions may play an important template role. As for complexes 5–8 ([ZnL¹I₂]_n (5), [CdL¹I₂]_n (6), {{[ZnL¹₂(H₂O)₄](ClO₄)₂}_0.5 · L¹_0.5 · CH₃OH} (7), {{[Cd_0.5L¹(H₂O)₂](ClO₄)}₂ · CH₃OH · L¹} (8)), the self-assemble processes were mainly directed by the organic ligand in the reactions of L¹ with metal salts. Complexes 1–4 exhibit blue fluorescence emissions, among which 1 and 2 may be suitable as candidates for blue fluorescent materials.     

Applications of Calixarenes in Polymer Synthesis

Summary: The applications of calixarenes in polymer synthesis have been reviewed. Calixarenes have been used as ligands to prepare rare earth calixarene complexes. A series of rare earth calixarene complexes have been synthesized and employed as efficient catalysts for the polymerization of ethylene, styrene, butadiene, propylene oxide, styrene oxide, trimethylene carbonate, and 5,5-dimethyl trimethylene carbonate. On the other hand, the synthesis and characterization of star-shaped polymers with calixarene as core molecules are also described.     

复合材料层合板静压痕接触的等效弹性模量

在复合材料层合板静压痕接触问题中,由于层合板接触区域的纤维走向发生了变化,导致沿厚度方向的弹性模量产生变化并随着凹坑深度的增加而增大。本文建立压头压入后的力学分析模型,得到了与凹坑深度相关的沿厚度方向的等效弹性模量;将等效弹性模量代入目前被广泛接受的修正Hertz接触理论,建立了新的接触力与凹坑深度的关系式。通过与静压痕试验中接触力和凹坑深度的关系进行比较,结果表明该接触关系式能较好地描述接触力和凹坑深度的关系。与文献修正理论相比,在压痕较小时,本文的修正结果较好。