Temperature effects on surface activity and application in oxidation of toluene derivatives of CTAB-SDS with KMnO4

The γ_cmc values of CTAB-SDS decrease from 63.67 mN/m at 10‡C to 36.38 mN/m at 90‡C, slightly lower than those of either CTAB or SDS. Correspondingly, the CMC of CTAB-SDS decreases almost by half. The increase of surface activity of CTAB-SDS can be attributed to the relatively weak electrostatic interaction at high temperature, which is supported by the increase of solubility of CTAB-SDS with rise in temperature. Catalytic effect on oxidation of toluene derivatives with potassium permanganate follows the order CTAB-SDS > SDS > CTAB. This is not caused by the dissociative effect of CTAB-SDS with low surface activity at low temperature, as seen from the fact that almost all oxidative products can be retrieved for different toluene derivatives and surfactants by mimicking the conditions of reaction. In the emulsifications of toluene derivatives at 90‡C, the time that turbid water layers of surfactant solutions take to become clear is the same as that of the catalytic effect on oxidation of toluene derivatives. Thus, it can be inferred that surfactants can improve the oxidation yields of toluene derivatives by increasing the contact between two reacting phases.     

A new molecular rectifier device and some research in its processing

Organic materials of D-π-A type MR-X (MR-1: p-dimethylaminophenylethenetrica-rbonitrile and MR-2: p-diphenylaminophenylethene tricarbonitrile) were designed and synthesized. The device with a sandwich structure shows good rectificative phenomena. The highest rectification ratio 10000 was achieved in device Cu/MR-1/Ag, and about 100 in other device M/MR-X/M (M: Cu, Ag). It has been found that rectificative phenomena exist only in the atmosphere-liquid interface region by means of liquid adsorption, and electric field could help form the oriented molecular film. __________ Translated from Journal of Fudan University (Natural Science), 2005, 44(4) (in Chinese)     

ON A PAIR OF NON-ISOMETRIC ISOSPECTRAL DOMAINS WITH FRACTAL BOUNDARIES AND THE WEYL-BERRY CONJECTURE

ＯＮＡＰＡＩＲＯＦＮＯＮＩＳＯＭＥＴＲＩＣＩＳＯＳＰＥＣＴＲＡＬＤＯＭＡＩＮＳＷＩＴＨＦＲＡＣＴＡＬＢＯＵＮＤＡＲＩＥＳＡＮＤＴＨＥＷＥＹＬＢＥＲＲＹＣＯＮＪＥＣＴＵＲＥＳＬＥＥＭＡＮ，Ｂ．Ｄ．ＣＨＥＮＨＵＡＭａｎｕｓｃｒｉｐｔｒｅｃ...     

Boundedness of commutators on homogeneous Herz spaces

The boundedness on homogeneous Herz spaces is established for a large class of linear commutators generated by BMO(R ⁿ ) functions and linear operators of rough kernels which include the Calderón-Zygmund operators and the Ricci-Stein oRfiUatory singular integrals with rough kernels. Project supponed in pan by the National h’atural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 19131080) and the NEDF of China.     

钙钛矿型Sr_（1－x）Bi_xFeO_（3－y）系列物的结构、电性及铁氧化态研究

在１１００℃制备了钙钛矿型非计量系列物Ｓｒ_（１－ｘ）Ｂｉ_ｘＦｅＯ_（３－ｙ），与文献相比，明显具有温度低、时间短、能耗少的特点。用化学分析方法测得其化学式及Ｆｅ离子的平均价态，用ＸＲＤ、交流阻抗、ＩＲ、Ｍｏｓｓｂａｕｅｒ谱等方法研究了其结构与性质，该类化合物具有Ｐｍ３ｍ对称性和半导体性质，铁离子会产生电荷歧化现象。     

属间远缘杂交水稻耐旱性生理特性的比较研究

采用在ＹＯＳＨＩＤＡ水稻专用培养营养液中添加一定量的ＰＥＧ ６０００的方法，比较研究了模拟干旱胁迫条件下属间远缘杂交新型水稻品种“远诱１号”（Ｙ）及其水稻亲本“圭６３０”（Ｇ）、高梁亲本“桃长红”（Ｔ）以及生产推广杂交组合“汕优６３”（Ｓ）等试验材料某些生态生理特性的差异。研究结果表明，在－１．０ＭＰａ的高渗胁迫下，Ｙ、Ｇ、Ｔ的萌发系数均有不同程度的下降，正常培养条件下的萌发系数ＧＣ分别为３６．９     

HIRFL–CSR加速器中束流与真空中剩余气体的碰撞损失

研究了重离子加速器中束流与真空中剩余气体的碰撞损失过程和碰撞截面,在依据大量实验数据的基础上,提出了一组计算离子一原子的电荷交换截面的经验公式.以兰州重离子加速器HDRFL及冷却储存环CSR为例,给出了依据碰撞截面的公式计算束流在加速器真空中的传输效率的方法,并计算了在不同真空度下HIRFL的ECR源轴向注入束运线、注入器SFC、前束运线、主加速器SSC和后束运线等不同加速阶段及CSR的传输效率,并提出合理的真空度要求.HIRFL的真空分布测量和束流的损失测量证明了该计算方法的可靠性.     

Numerical methods for finding multiple eigenvalues of matrices depending on parameters

Summary. Let be a square matrix dependent on parameters and , of which we choose as the eigenvalue parameter. Many computational problems are equivalent to finding a point such that has a multiple eigenvalue at . An incomplete decomposition of a matrix dependent on several parameters is proposed. Based on the developed theory two new algorithms are presented for computing multiple eigenvalues of with geometric multiplicity . A third algorithm is designed for the computation of multiple eigenvalues with geometric multiplicity but which also appears to have local quadratic convergence to semi-simple eigenvalues. Convergence analyses of these methods are given. Several numerical examples are presented which illustrate the behaviour and applications of our methods. Received December 19, 1994 / Revised version received January 18, 1996     

C72,La2@C72几何结构和电子性质的计算研究

采用密度泛涵理论(density functional theory,DFT)中的广义梯度近似(generally gradient approximation,GGA)对富勒烯C72和内掺金属La富勒烯La2@C72三种同分异构体的几何结构和电子结构进行研究.发现在C72的三种同分异构体中,满足独立五边形规则(isolated-pentagon-rule,IPR)的C72(D6d)结构最为稳定;在La2@C72三种同分异构体中,有着两对两两相邻五元环(twofused-pentagon)的La2@C72(#10611)结构最为稳定,而满足IPR的La2@C72(D6d)的结构变成了最不稳定结构.从能级图和态密度图分析得知,笼子稳定性的变化与La原子的原子轨道与C72原子轨道之间的杂化有关.Mulliken电荷分析得知,La2@C72(#10611)的两个La原子共转移了约3个电子给C72,并且,它们几乎分布在整个C笼上,形成的电子结构为La23+@C3-72.净自旋分析得知,La2@C72(#10611)中La原子磁性完全淬灭.     

355nm Nd∶YAG激光在H_2中的高效一级斯托克斯转换

对脉冲Nd∶YAG激光(355 nm)在H2和H2∶He-Ar混合气体中的受激拉曼散射(SRS)进行了研究。在0.5 MPa的氢气中,同时测量到从二级反斯托克斯到三级斯托克斯的多波长输出,其总转化效率达88%;而高压下只剩下一级和二级斯托克斯输出,其中二级斯托克斯最大能量转化效率达44%(对应量子效率为63%)。由于高级斯托克斯的竞争,纯氢气中一级斯托克斯的最大能量转换效率不超过43%。通过向3 MPa氢气中掺入2 MPaAr气后,很好地抑制了二级斯托克斯的产生,从而获得了能量转换效率高达71%(对应量子效率为83%)的一级斯托克斯输出。对四波混频和级联受激拉曼散射在氢气多级斯托克斯产生中的作用以及惰性气体对它们的影响进行了讨论。