Characterization and application of a new ultraviolet derivatization reagent for amino acids analysis in capillary electrophoresis

A new ultraviolet (UV) labeling reagent, p-acetamidobenzenesulfonyl fluoride (PAABS-F), was designed and synthesized to label and determine the amino acids by capillary electrophoresis (CE) with diode-array detector (DAD). PAABS-F is very stable and easy to synthesize. It reacted with primary or secondary amino acids very quickly under facile conditions to give corresponding derivatives in high yield with excellent sensitivity and stability. No by-products were observed in amino acid derivatives when stored at room temperature under natural daylight for at least 7 days. Both amino acids standard solution and real samples reacted with this new UV labeling reagent smoothly to form high UV-absorption derivatives. The labeled 20 standard amino acids were efficiently separated by CE and the mass detection limits (S/N = 3) were ranged from 59.3 fmol for l-tryptophan to 1.70 pmol for l-histidine.     

POSITIVE PERIODIC SOLUTIONS OF THE FIRST- ORDER SINGULAR DISCRETE SYSTEMS

In this paper, we study two kinds of first-order singular discrete systems. By the fixed point index theory, we investigate the existence and multiplicity of positive periodic solutions of the systems.     

Silica spheres coated with C18‐modified gold nanoparticles for capillary LC and pressurized CEC separations

Nonporous monodispersed silica spheres of 1.3 μm were coated with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and subsequently coated with n‐octadecanethiol. By transmission electron microscopy analysis, the average diameter of the AuNPs on the silica spheres was determined to be 12 nm. The chromatographic and electrochromatographic properties of self‐assembled n‐octadecanethiol AuNP‐coated silica microspheres (C18‐AuNPs‐SiO₂) were investigated using a group of nonpolar PAHs. The stationary phase appears to display a characteristic reversed‐phase behavior. Higher separation efficiency and shorter separation times were obtained using pressurized CEC (pCEC) compared with capillary LC (CLC). A maximum column efficiency of about 2.5×10⁵ plates per meter and less than 18 min separation time for benzene were obtained in pCEC while only 66 507 plates per meter and an analysis time of nearly 100 min were observed in CLC mode. A chemical stability test of the C18‐AuNPs‐SiO₂ stationary phase under extremely high and low pH conditions demonstrated that it is stable at pH 12 and 1 for at least 60 h. The results confirm that C18‐AuNPs‐SiO₂ possesses a high rigidity to withstand high packing pressures and can be used as a good stationary phase for CLC and pCEC.     

Permanent gold nanoparticle coatings on polyelectrolyte multilayer modified capillaries for open-tubular capillary electrochromatography

This paper reports on a new strategy to coat fused silica capillaries through ionic adsorption of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on a polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) modified capillary wall. The coating was constructed in situ by alternating rinses with positively charged poly(diallydimethylammonium chloride), negatively charged poly(sodium-4-styrenesulfonate), and positively charged AuNPs. After self-assembly of n-octadecanethiol onto the surface of AuNPs, the modified capillary was investigated as a new medium for the separation of neutral analytes and proteins in open-tubular capillary electrochromatography (OT-CEC). The surface coverage of the capillary wall was increased using the high density of AuNPs which were dynamically capped with 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP). The chromatographic performance of the column coated with positively charged AuNPs was remarkably improved compared with a column modified with negatively charged AuNPs. The coating was robust over more than 810 runs in this study and also showed high stability against 0.01 M NaOH, 0.01 M HCl, and electrolyte concentrations up to 70 mM. The run-to-run, day-to-day, and capillary-to-capillary reproducibilities of electroosmotic flow were satisfying with relative standard deviation values of less than 1% in all cases. The AuNP-coated PEM modified capillary column not only showed good performance for neutral analytes but also was suitable for the analysis of both basic and acidic proteins.     

Lab-on-valve (LOV) system coupled to irreversible biamperometric detection for the on-line monitoring of catechol

The analytical performance of lab-on-valve (LOV) system using irreversible biamperometry for the determination of catechol was evaluated. By integrating miniaturized electrochemical flow cell (EFC) designed and processed which is furnished with two identical polarized platinum electrodes, into the LOV unit, the lab-on-valve system combines sampling with analysis, realizing automated on-line analysis for catechol in a closed system. The biamperometric detection system was established to record the relationship between oxidation current and time by coupling the irreversible oxidation of catechol at one pretreated platinum electrode with the irreversible reduction of platinum oxide at the other pretreated platinum electrode. Factors influencing the analytical performance were optimized, including the potential difference (ΔE), buffer solution and pH, and flow variables in the LOV. A linear calibration curve was obtained within the range of 1.0 × 10⁻⁶-5.0 × 10⁻⁴ mol L⁻¹ of catechol with the detection limit (3σ) of 5.09 × 10⁻⁷ mol L⁻¹. The relative standard deviation (R.S.D.) was 2.39% for 11 successive determinations of 1 × 10⁻⁵ mol L⁻¹ catechol and the sample throughput was 35 h⁻¹. Moreover, this proposed method was applied to the analysis of catechol in beer sample, which was testified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).     

On-resin cyclization and antimicrobial activity of Laterocidin and its analogues

Total synthesis of cyclodecapeptide antibiotics from Bacillus laterosporus, laterocidin and its analogues, was accomplished for the first time by solid-phase peptide synthesis followed by traceless on-resin cyclization of the linear precursors with protection of α-carboxyl group on the Asp residue by Dmab as a temporary blocking group for on-resin head-to-tail cyclization, in which the carboxyl group of side chain of Asp was linked to Rink resin. Single alanine substitution or Asn substitution (Asp¹⁰→Asn¹⁰) demonstrated improvements in antibacterial activity. Of note, d-Phe² and Pro⁴ play an important role in on-resin head-to-tail cyclization and exerting antibacterial activity of Laterocidin.     

可生物降解聚酯P(DHCA-co-LA)的合成与表征

由3,4-二羟基肉桂酸(DHCA)与D,L-乳酸(LA)经熔融缩聚法得到了新型可生物降解聚酯P(DHCA-co-LA),采用傅立叶变换红外(FTIR),核磁共振(1H-NMR)和凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)对该共聚物的组成与相对分子量进行表征,结果表明其结构明确.改变DHCA与LA单体的配比,得到的P(DHCA-co-LA)的分子量和分子量分布在同一数量级.通过差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、紫外(UV)和荧光光谱研究了共聚物的热性能、紫外与荧光性能,结果表明,P(DHCA-co-LA)有明显的玻璃化转变温度(Tg),随LA的投料比从0增加至50 mol%时,其Tg从132.26℃下降至99.12℃;当LA的投料比为20 mol%时,所得到的聚酯型共聚物溶液呈现最强的荧光强度;在紫外光照下,共聚物可进行环加成反应,但交联度总体较低;紫外光照65 min后,在荧光显微镜下观察到交联颗粒形态稳定、有较强的荧光.X-射线衍射(XRD)测定结果显示,由结晶性DHCA和LA共聚形成的P(DHCA-co-LA)为无定形聚合物,有利于生物降解.共聚物在土壤中的降解实验表明,其降解速度随体系中LA含量的增加而减缓.     

Molecularly imprinted photo-sensitive polyglutamic acid nanoparticles for electrochemical sensing of hemoglobin

Microchimica Acta - A voltammetric sensor for hemoglobin (Hb) was prepared from molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticles (MINPs) via electrophoretic deposition. A photo-sensitive copolymer...     

硫杂蒽酮类光产碱剂的合成及其光化学性能研究

以硫代水杨酸和苯硫乙酸为原料,通过两步法成功合成了一种新型的单组分硫杂蒽酮类光产碱剂。利用核磁氢谱、核磁碳谱和高分辨率质谱对光产碱的结构进行了表征,通过稳态光解及电子自旋共振波谱等对光解产物进行了系统研究。该光产碱剂在400nm附近有较强的吸收,可有效引发巯基-环氧光聚合,其引发活性优于文献报道的高效光产碱体系。