两束啁啾脉冲控制下的H+D+光缔合反应研究

从理论上研究了两束啁啾脉冲控制H+D⁺的光缔合反应. 第一束脉冲用来加速碰撞伴的碰撞速度,第二束脉冲用来增加产物HD⁺的产率. 结果表明:第一束脉冲的参数决定了第二束脉冲的优化参数以及产物HD⁺的布居. 产物的布居可以通过调节两束脉冲的延迟时间得到控制. 关键词： 光缔合 +分子')" href="#">HD⁺分子 啁啾脉冲 波包     

NOVEL FORMATION AND DECAY MECHANISMS OF NANOSTRUCTURES ON THE SURFACE

For decades the research on thin-film growth has attracted considerable attention as these kinds of materials have the potential for a new generation of device application. It is known that the nuclei at the initial stage of the islands are more stable than others and certain atoms are inert while others are active. In this paper, by using kinetic Monte Carlo simulations, we will show that, when a surfactant layer is used to mediate the growth, a counter-intuitive fractal-to-compact island shape transition can be induced by increasing deposition flux or decreasing growth temperature. Specifically, we introduce a reaction-limited aggregation (RLA) theory, where the physical process controlling the island shape transition is the shielding effect of adatoms stuck to the stable islands on the incoming adatoms. Moreover, the origin of a transition from triangular to hexagonal and then to inverted triangular as well as the decay characteristics of three-dimensional islands on the surface and relations of our unique predictions with recent experiments will be discussed. Furthermore, we will present a novel idea to make use of the condensation energy of adatoms to control the island evolution along a special direction.     

Influence of NH beam bombarding energy on structural characterization and cell attachment of CNx coating

The carbon nitride (CN_x) coating with its novel properties will be excellent candidate for biomedical applications. CN_x coatings were prepared on the surface of Ti–6Al–4V by ion-beam-assisted deposition (IBAD) with different NHⁿ⁺ beam bombarding energies at low substrate temperature. The coatings were characterized by Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman spectroscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The result showed that the wear-resistance of CN_x coatings was better at higher beam bombarding energy. The cell attachment tests also gave interesting results that CN_x coatings exhibited low macrophage attachment and provide desirable surface for the normal cellular growth and morphology of the fibroblasts. Structural analysis showed that NHⁿ⁺ beam bombardment at the energies of 300–400 eV could result in more nitrogen concentration and fraction of sp³CN bonds in the structure of CN_x coatings, which may be responsible for the improvement in the wear-resistance and the cell attachment.     

Blow-up phenomena and global existence for the nonuniform weakly dissipative b-equation

We first establish the local well-posedness for the nonuniform weakly dissipative b-equation which includes both the weakly dissipative Camassa-Holm equation and the weakly dissipative Degasperis-Procesi equation as its special cases. We then study the blow-up phenomena and the long time behavior of the solutions. Two blow-up results are established for certain initial profiles. Moreover, two sufficient conditions for the decay of the solutions are presented.     

WLW原子核质量模型在γ过程研究中的应用

本工作利用最近提出的WLW宏观-微观原子核质量模型,在经典r过程框架下很好地描述了太阳系r过程核素丰度分布.与常用的FRDM质量模型相比,新计算更好地再现了A≈135和A≈180质量区的太阳系r过程核素丰度,尤其避免了其他相似计算中A=135附近出现的与观测不符的丰度峰问题.分析表明,这种差异可能暗示WLW更为合理地处理了壳结构和对称能.     

基于衍射理论的Z扫描技术分析与数值模拟

以菲涅耳-基尔霍夫衍射理论为基础,对通过非线性介质的高斯光束传输行为进行理论分析,分别给出了强吸收、无吸收情况下开孔、闭孔Z扫描曲线公式;对不同条件下非线性介质的归一化透过率进行数值模拟计算,发现Z扫描曲线透射峰和透射谷表现出3种新的特性:随着入射激光峰值光强的增加,Z扫描曲线透射峰的高度受到抑制,而透射谷则加强变得更深;非线性相移的增加对Z扫描曲线透射峰和透射谷均有增高和加深的作用;激光束束腰半径越大,Z扫描曲线的峰谷特征越明显。     

空心微球结构Au/Ag合金泡沫块体的制备

将平均晶粒尺寸为4.6 nm的金粒子通过静电作用粘附于聚苯乙烯（PS）微球表面用于化学镀,化学镀金后PS表面的金沉积层几乎达到完全包覆,厚度70~90 nm;在Au/PS表面进行化学镀银,沉积的银颗粒堆积紧密,颗粒大小较先前沉积的金颗粒大,镀覆层厚度增厚至200~400 nm;模板去除后,获得了完全自支撑的Au40Ag60空心微球结构的圆柱状泡沫材料。制备的金银合金泡沫由直径约10 m的空心球壳组成,圆柱体直径约5 mm,密度约1.2 g/cm3。     

Improving the precision of fluorescence lifetime measurement using a streak camera

Streak camera has high temporal resolution and high sensitivity, and is a powerful tool in biomedical study to measure fluorescence lifetime and perform fluorescence lifetime imaging. However, nonuniformity of the gain in the streak tube and nonlinearity of the sweeping speed limit the precision of fluorescence lifetime measurement, particularly when fluorescence lifetimes are short. We have constructed a two-photon excitation fluorescence lifetime measurement system that is based on a synchroscan streak camera and have developed accordingly a method to correct the effect of gain nonuniformity and nonlinearity of sweeping speed on the measurement precision. A continuous-wave laser of high stability is used to calibrate the gain of the streak camera, and a Fabry-Perot etalon is used to calibrate the nonlinearity of the sweeping speed. Fitting algorithms are used to correct the gain of the streak camera and nonlinearity of the sweeping speed respectively, which significantly improves the measurement precision of the system, as characterized through the fluorescence lifetime of the short-lived fluorescence dye, Rose Bengal. Experimental results show that the measurement fluctuation of the lifetime has been improved from more than 10% to 2% after correcting the effects of gain nonuniformity and sweeping speed nonlinearity.     

Adsorption isotherms and kinetics of methylene blue on a low-cost adsorbent recovered from a spent catalyst of vinyl acetate synthesis

A regenerated activated carbon used as catalyst support in the synthesis of vinyl acetate has been tested as a low-cost adsorbent for the removal of dyes. After a thorough textural characterization of the regenerated activated carbon, its adsorption isotherms and kinetics were determined using methylene blue as model compound at different initial concentrations. Both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were developed and then compared. It was found that the equilibrium data were best represented by the Langmuir isotherm model. The kinetic data were fitted to pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order and intraparticle diffusion models, and it was found that the best fitting corresponded to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The results showed that this novel adsorbent had a high adsorption capacity, making it suitable for use in the treatment of methylene blue enriched wastewater.     

Improved Statistically Optimal Nearfield Acoustical Holography in subsonically moving fluid medium

Statistically Optimal Nearfield Acoustical Holography (SONAH) can be used to reconstruct three-dimensional sound fields by projecting two-dimensional data measured on a “small” aperture that partially covers a composite sound source in a “static” fluid medium. Here, an improved SONAH procedure is proposed that includes the mean flow effects of a moving fluid medium while the sound source and receivers are stationary. The backward projection performance of the proposed procedure is further improved by using a wavenumber filter to suppress subsonic noise components. Through numerical simulations at Mach 0.6, it is shown that the improved procedure can accurately reconstruct sound source locations and radiation patterns: e.g., the spatially averaged reconstruction errors of the conventional and improved SONAH procedures are 15.40 dB and 0.19 dB, respectively, for a monopole simulation and 21.60 dB and 0.19 dB for an infinite-size panel. The wavenumber filter further reduces spatial noise, e.g., decreasing the reconstruction error from 1.73 dB to 0.19 dB for the panel simulation. An existing data measured in a wind tunnel operating at Mach 0.12 is reused for the validation. The locations and radiation patterns of the two loudspeakers are successfully identified from the sound fields reconstructed by using the proposed SONAH procedure.