Grignard reagents in ionic liquids

Grignard reagents were generated from magnesium and organic iodides in the ionic liquid n-butylpyridinium tetrafluoroborate, [bpy][BF4], and they showed different reactivity from classical Grignard reagents in organic solvents.     

Oscillation criteria for second order forced ordinary differential equations with mixed nonlinearities

We present new oscillation criteria for the second order forced ordinary differential equation with mixed nonlinearities:

     

SYNTHESIS AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF POLY (THIENYLACETYLENES)*

3 -Ethynyl-4-(trimethylsilyl)thiophene (1a) and 3 -ethynyl-4-bromothiophene (1 b ) selectivelyundergo acetylene polymerizations in the presence of the MoCl_5- and WCl_6-Ph_3SiH catalysts to give soluble,high-molecular-weight poly(thienylacetylenes) (2) (M_w up to 602000) in high yields (up to 100%). Lighttransmission spectra of THF solutions of 2 continuously red-shift with increasing concentration. Theconcentratochromism shows a logarithmic concentration dependence; that is, the optical transitions of 2 arepredictably tunable by simply changing their concentrations.     

A new donor-acceptor molecule with uniaxial anisotropy for efficient vacuum-deposited organic solar cells

A new D-π-A molecule (TPDCDTS) adopting coplanar diphenyl-substituted dithienosilole as a central π-bridge of triphenylamine (donor) and dicyanovinylene (acceptor) has been synthesized as donor material for small molecule organic solar cells (SMOSC) incorporating C(70) as an acceptor showed an appreciable power conversion efficiency of 3.82%.     

Linear equations in infinite matrices

The existence and uniqueness of a bounded solution are shown for the linear equation in infinite matrix $\text{A}\text{x}\text{=}\text{b}$ where A is strictly diagonally dominant and b is bounded.     

Formation of enamine Schiff bases by ring cleavage of pyridine

On treatment with diphenyldichloromethane or anisal chloride in the presence of acetone and aqueous sodium hydroxide, pyridine undergoes condensation and ring cleavage to yield the enamine Schiff bases 1,1-diphenyl-2-azadeca-1,3Z,5Z,7E-tetraen-9-one (1) and 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-azadeca-1E,3Z,5Z,7E-tetraen-9-one (7). The reaction proceeds through attack of acetonyl carbanion on the initially formed bis-pyridinium salt, followed by ring scission with elimination of one equivalent of pyridine. The structure and stereochemistry of the 2-azatetraene (1) was confirmed by X-ray crystallography.     

Orientation selective growth of MgO films on Si (100) by pulsed laser deposition

Selective growth of single-oriented (110), (100) and (111) MgO films on Si (100) substrates without buffer layers was obtained via a two-step method by pulsed laser deposition. It was found that the orientation of the films was determined at the initial deposition stage by the substrate temperature only. The ambient pressure during deposition, the laser fluence and the etching of the Si substrates have no apparent effect on the orientation of the films, but affect their crystalline quality. Under the present deposition conditions, the surfaces of all three different single-oriented films were very smooth and devoid of any particulates. Received: 23 January 2001 / Accepted: 6 June 2001 / Published online: 2 October 2001     

TbEu(BTC) as a dNTP label for LAMP outcome in nucleic acid testing

Lanthanide metal organic frameworks (MOFs), Eu(BTC) and TbEu(BTC) were assessed to follow uptake of deoxynucleotide triphosphate (dNTPs) in loop mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) using BST2.0. dNTPs could be determined below 150 μM. A ratiometic measurement of Tb³⁺:Eu³⁺ fluorescence in TbEu(BTC) gave a limit of detection of 2.08 μM for dNTPs. dNTP uptake slowed above 8 mM Mg²⁺. This correlated with end-point and real-time LAMP, using PicoGreen and SYBR green respectively. For the P.Mal-Lau 18S rRNA primer set, with P. malariae a detection limit of 10^2.5 copies was obtained. Cross reactivity between P. malariae and P. knowlesi was shown with 18S rRNA primer sets.     

Self-healable Nafion-poly(vinyl alcohol)/phosphotungstic acid proton exchange membrane prepared by freezing–thawing method for direct methanol fuel cell

Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry - Getting the direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) closer to mass production requires the creation of a high-performance and long-lasting proton exchange...     

Head-to-Tail Dimerization of N-Heterocyclic Diazoolefins

The head-to-tail dimerization of N-heterocyclic diazoolefins is described. The products of these formal (3+3) cycloaddition reactions are strongly reducing quinoidal tetrazines. Oxidation of the tetrazines occurs in a stepwise fashion, and we were able to isolate a stable radical cation and diamagnetic dications. The latter are also accessible by oxidative dimerization of diazoolefins.