全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2296篇 |
免费 | 68篇 |
国内免费 | 10篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 1695篇 |
晶体学 | 32篇 |
力学 | 16篇 |
数学 | 170篇 |
物理学 | 461篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 10篇 |
2021年 | 21篇 |
2020年 | 33篇 |
2019年 | 26篇 |
2018年 | 21篇 |
2017年 | 26篇 |
2016年 | 42篇 |
2015年 | 51篇 |
2014年 | 49篇 |
2013年 | 104篇 |
2012年 | 126篇 |
2011年 | 123篇 |
2010年 | 80篇 |
2009年 | 67篇 |
2008年 | 122篇 |
2007年 | 144篇 |
2006年 | 108篇 |
2005年 | 127篇 |
2004年 | 115篇 |
2003年 | 106篇 |
2002年 | 94篇 |
2001年 | 53篇 |
2000年 | 49篇 |
1999年 | 26篇 |
1998年 | 30篇 |
1997年 | 16篇 |
1996年 | 30篇 |
1995年 | 25篇 |
1994年 | 30篇 |
1993年 | 19篇 |
1992年 | 22篇 |
1991年 | 27篇 |
1990年 | 31篇 |
1989年 | 20篇 |
1988年 | 20篇 |
1987年 | 12篇 |
1986年 | 27篇 |
1985年 | 35篇 |
1984年 | 37篇 |
1983年 | 19篇 |
1982年 | 31篇 |
1981年 | 22篇 |
1980年 | 24篇 |
1979年 | 26篇 |
1978年 | 17篇 |
1977年 | 26篇 |
1976年 | 9篇 |
1975年 | 14篇 |
1974年 | 12篇 |
1973年 | 16篇 |
排序方式: 共有2374条查询结果,搜索用时 78 毫秒
31.
Chisuzu Tokoh Keiji Takabe Minoru Fujita Hiroshi Saiki 《Cellulose (London, England)》1998,5(4):249-261
Acetobacter xylinum was cultured in Hestrin-Schramm medium (control medium) and Hestrin-Schramm medium containing acetyl glucomannan (mannan medium). Loose bundles of the cellulose microfibrils are formed in the mannan medium in contrast to the normal ribbons being produced in the control medium. Rapid-freeze and substitution method followed by metal-shadowing revealed the droplet-like structures around the microfibril synthesized in the mannan medium. The cellulose synthesized in the mannan medium was stained heavily by the periodic acid-thiocarbohydrazide-silver proteinate (PATAg) method, while the cellulose synthesized in the control medium was not stained. X-ray diffractometry and FT-IR spectroscopy indicated that the addition of mannan induced a change in the crystal structure from the algal-bacterial type to the cotton-ramie type. Thus the presence of acetyl glucomannan in the medium prevents the assembly of cellulose microfibrils and changes the crystal structure of cellulose. 相似文献
32.
Danuta Frackowiak Mamoru Minuro Iwao Yamazaki† Naoto Tamai† Yoshihiko Fujita 《Photochemistry and photobiology》1989,50(4):563-570
–Time-resolved fluorescence spectra in the ps time range were measured on phycobilisome (PBS) embedded in poly(vinyl alcohol) films. The cyanobacterium Tolypothrix tenuis was used as a source of PBS because the pigment composition and the structure of the PBS are well defined. Isotropic PBS in the unstretched film and PBS uniaxially oriented in the stretched film were investigated. Diameters of PBS hemidiscs were oriented parallel to the film-stretching direction. The time-resolved fluorescence spectra of the unstretched sample and of the two polarized components in the stretched samples showed several differences in the rise and decay. The delay time, estimated from the time span between the maximum laser pulse and maximal intensity of the phycocyanin and allophycocyanin fluorescence, was much longer than that reported in the aqueous media. This suggests occurrence of a higher thermal deactivation of PBS in polymer film than in aqueous media. The excitation energy transfer from excited phycocrythrin to allophycocyanin was more efficient in the unstretched than in the stretched samples, and it was greater in the parallel polarized component of the stretched sample than in the perpendicular component. The present results are in agreement with a previous suggestion which states that there are two independent pathways of excitation energy transfer in PBS and that there is more than one final emitter of fluorescence. The molecules taking part in various pathways of energy transfer differ in their orientation within PBS. 相似文献
33.
G Giegerich M Pette K Fujita H Wekerle J T Epplen A Hinkkanen 《Journal of chromatography. A》1990,528(1):79-90
Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography was applied to isolate myelin basic protein from human brain, followed by separation of proteolytic peptides thereof on the same chromatographic system. Brain tissue was delipidated under conditions that keep copurifying proteases inactive. The crude brain protein fraction was applied directly to a C4 column. The homogeneous protein obtained in this way was digested with thrombin and endoproteinase Lys-C in order to produce short defined myelin basic protein peptides. The purified peptides were used to determine the antigen fine specificity of myelin basic protein recognizing T lymphocyte lines isolated from multiple sclerosis patients. 相似文献
34.
Bhalchandra M. BhanageShin-ichiro Fujita Takeshi YoshidaYoko Sano Masahiko Arai 《Tetrahedron letters》2003,44(17):3505-3507
Using the form of supported liquid-phase catalysts, two or more homogeneous catalysts can simultaneously be used with retaining their own activities and taking the advantage of catalyst-product separation and catalyst recycling. 相似文献
35.
Shin-ichi Hirano Toshinobu Yogo Wataru Sakamoto Seiji Yamada Tomoyuki Nakamura Tomoe Yamammto Hiroyuki Ukai Kouichi Banno Tomoko Nakafuku Yukari Ando 《Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology》2003,26(1-3):35-41
Nano sized crystalline particles/polymer hybrids were synthesized form designed metal-organic precursors. The newly developed method is composed of the synthesis of organic matrix by polymerization and the in situ nucleation and growth of crystalline oxide particles in the organic matrix below 100°C. The design of metal-organic precursor modified with polymerizable ligand and the selection of reaction conditions does influence the size and crystallinity of ceramic particles in organic matrix. The nano-sized magnetic particle/polymer hybrid exhibits the interesting feature of superparamagnetism and quantum size effect. The crystalline particles of BaTiO3/, PbTiO3/, and KNbO3/polymer hybrids behave to be dielectric and show the typical electro-rheological behavior. 相似文献
36.
37.
[reaction: see text] We have developed an efficient copper-catalyzed allylation of carbonyl derivatives using allyl(2-pyridyl)silanes, in which the strong directing effect of the 2-pyridyl group was observed. A useful synthesis and allylation of substituted allyl(2-pyridyl)silanes is also described. 相似文献
38.
De-Qi Yuan Yuewei Zhao Makoto Fukudome Kahee Fujita 《Journal of inclusion phenomena and macrocyclic chemistry》2007,57(1-4):125-129
One or two coumarin units were incorporated to the primary face of γ-cyclodextrin (γ-CD), and the resultant coumarin derivatives
were employed to harvest the chemical energy generated in the reaction of bis(trichlorophenyl)oxalate with hydrogen peroxide.
In comparison with the coumarin without CD cavity for molecular recognition, the coumarin–CD conjugates demonstrated much
higher chemiluminescence inetensity, indicating that the CD moiety remarkably improves the chemical energy transfer. 相似文献
39.
Yoshizawa M Ono K Kumazawa K Kato T Fujita M 《Journal of the American Chemical Society》2005,127(31):10800-10801
Two molecules of planar MII(acac)2 complexes (M = Pt, Pd, and, Cu; acac = acetylacetonato) are efficiently stacked within an organic-pillared coordination cage, exhibiting characteristic spectroscopies (for M = Pt and Pd) and electron spin-spin coupling (for M = Cu) attributable to metal-metal interaction. 相似文献
40.
Chisuzu Tokoh Keiji Takabe Junji Sugiyama Minoru Fujita 《Cellulose (London, England)》2002,9(3-4):351-360
Acetobacter
xylinum was cultured in Schramm–Hestrin medium containing pectin (pectin medium), xylan (xylan medium), or glucomannan (mannan medium). X-ray diffractometry revealed that xylan and glucomannan affected the size of the cellulose crystals and their d-spacing values. Solid-state cross polarization magic angle spinning carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy indicated that the ratio of cellulose I was reduced by the addition of polysaccharides. These effects were more remarkable on the cellulose in the mannan medium than that in the xylan medium, and were scarcely observed in the pectin medium. Electron diffraction analysis revealed that these effects on hemicelluloses along cellulose microfibrils are continuous in the mannan medium and discontinuous in the xylan medium. These findings suggest that the uronic acid in the polysaccharides prevents interactions with cellulose leading to alterations of the structure of the cellulose crystal. 相似文献