New tetrahydrofuran-type sesquilignans of Saururus chinensis root

Three new tetrahydrofuran-type sesquilignans, called saucerneol A, saucerneol B and saucerneol C were isolated from the underground parts of Saururus chinensis (Saururaceae), together with known lignans, di-O-methyltetrahydrofuriguaiacin B, machilin D and machilin D 4-methyl ether. Their structures were established from several spectral data.     

Asymptotic properties of the massive scalar field in the external Schwarzschild spacetime

The asymptotic properties of the solution to the Klein–Gordon equation will be studied in the Schwarzschild spacetime background. The results are based on the global Sobolev-type inequalities and the generalized energy estimates.     

Long distance laser ultrasonic propagation imaging system for damage visualization

Wind turbine blade failure is the most prominent and common type of damage occurring in operating wind turbine systems. Conventional nondestructive testing systems are not available for in situ wind turbine blades. We propose a portable long distance ultrasonic propagation imaging (LUPI) system that uses a laser beam targeting and scanning system to excite, from a long distance, acoustic emission sensors installed in the blade. An examination of the beam collimation effect using geometric parameters of a commercial 2 MW wind turbine provided Lamb wave amplitude increases of 41.5 and 23.1 dB at a distance of 40 m for symmetrical and asymmetrical modes, respectively, in a 2 mm-thick stainless steel plate. With this improvement in signal-to-noise ratio, a feasibility study of damage detection was conducted with a 5 mm-thick composite leading edge specimen. To develop a reliable damage evaluation system, the excitation/sensing technology and the associated damage visualization algorithm are equally important. Hence, our results provide a new platform based on anomalous wave propagation imaging (AWPI) methods with adjacent wave subtraction, reference wave subtraction, reference image subtraction, and the variable time window amplitude mapping method. The advantages and disadvantages of AWPI algorithms are reported in terms of reference data requirements, signal-to-noise ratios, and damage evaluation accuracy. The compactness and portability of the proposed UPI system are also important for in-field applications at wind farms.     

Globally generated vector bundles of rank 2 on a smooth quadric threefold

We investigate the existence of globally generated vector bundles of rank 2 with _c1≤3$c_1\le 3$ on a smooth quadric threefold and determine their Chern classes. As an automatic consequence, every rank 2 globally generated vector bundle on Q$Q$ with _c1=3$c_1=3$ is an odd instanton up to twist.     

One‐dimensional CuII coordination polymers containing C2h‐symmetric 1,1′:4′,1′′‐terphenyl‐3,3′‐dicarboxylate linkers

Two new one‐dimensional Cu^II coordination polymers (CPs) containing the C_2h‐symmetric terphenyl‐based dicarboxylate linker 1,1′:4′,1′′‐terphenyl‐3,3′‐dicarboxylate (3,3′‐TPDC), namely catena‐poly[[bis(dimethylamine‐κN)copper(II)]‐μ‐1,1′:4′,1′′‐terphenyl‐3,3′‐dicarboxylato‐κ⁴O,O′:O′′:O′′′] monohydrate], {[Cu(C₂₀H₁₂O₄)(C₂H₇N)₂]·H₂O}_n, (I), and catena‐poly[[aquabis(dimethylamine‐κN)copper(II)]‐μ‐1,1′:4′,1′′‐terphenyl‐3,3′‐dicarboxylato‐κ²O³:O^3′] monohydrate], {[Cu(C₂₀H₁₂O₄)(C₂H₇N)₂(H₂O)]·H₂O}_n, (II), were both obtained from two different methods of preparation: one reaction was performed in the presence of 1,4‐diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO) as a potential pillar ligand and the other was carried out in the absence of the DABCO pillar. Both reactions afforded crystals of different colours, i.e. violet plates for (I) and blue needles for (II), both of which were analysed by X‐ray crystallography. The 3,3′‐TPDC bridging ligands coordinate the Cu^II ions in asymmetric chelating modes in (I) and in monodenate binding modes in (II), forming one‐dimensional chains in each case. Both coordination polymers contain two coordinated dimethylamine ligands in mutually trans positions, and there is an additional aqua ligand in (II). The solvent water molecules are involved in hydrogen bonds between the one‐dimensional coordination polymer chains, forming a two‐dimensional network in (I) and a three‐dimensional network in (II).     

Size-dependent catalysis by DABCO-functionalized Zn-MOF with one-dimensional channels

Lewis basic DABCO-functionalized 3D-like metal-organic framework, Zn-MOF, catalyzes nitroaldol (Henry) reaction of 4-nitrobenzaldehyde with nitroalkanes in a size-dependent manner. Small nitroalkanes give rise to higher conversion than larger ones. This MOF-based heterogeneous catalyst is very robust and can be recycled several times without losing its activity.     

Jumping conics on a smooth quadric in $${\mathbb {P}_3}$$

We investigate the jumping conics of stable vector bundles E of rank 2 on a smooth quadric surface Q with the first Chern class c₁ = O_Q(-1,-1){c_1= \mathcal{O}_Q(-1,-1)} with respect to the ample line bundle O_Q(1,1){\mathcal {O}_Q(1,1)} . We show that the set of jumping conics of E is a hypersurface of degree c ₂(E) − 1 in \mathbb P₃^*{\mathbb {P}_3^{*}} . Using these hypersurfaces, we describe moduli spaces of stable vector bundles of rank 2 on Q in the cases of lower c ₂(E).     

Control of on-off or off-on fluorescent and optical [Cu²⁺] and [Hg²⁺] responses via formal Me/H substitution in fully characterized thienyl "scorpionate"-like BODIPY systems

One 8-phenyl and two 8-mesityl-substituted "scorpionate"-like BODIPY-type species of the formula [3,4,4-tris(5-R-(2-thienyl))-8-(2,4,6-R'-phenyl)-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene (R = H, R' = H, 3a; R, = H, R' = Me, 2a; R, = Me, R' = Me, 2b)] have been synthesized and fully characterized. Importantly, differences in their solution (MeCN) optical Cu(2+) and Hg(2+) probing capacity via SSS-chelation were investigated. Compounds 2a-3a were prepared from the requisite 8-substituted BODIPY complexes. They were characterized first by complete (1)H, (11)B and (13)C NMR spectroscopic assignments (CD(3)Cl or CD(3)C(O)CD(3)); the molecular structures of 2a and 3a were determined by X-ray crystallography. Compounds 2a-3a were studied by UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopy [Φ(F) = 0.27 ± 0.013 (2a); 0.024 ± 0.0016 (2b); 0.0034 ± 0.00047 (3a)]. Importantly, low [Cu(2+)] with 3a (<3.0 × 10(-5) M) gave rise to an increase of fluorescence intensity (off-on; 6.3-fold), whereas with 2a it decreased (on-off). When [Hg(2+)] (<3.0 × 10(-5) M) was added to 2b, the λ(em,max) value increased (off-on; 3.2-fold), and for 2a, it decreased (on-off). The association constant (K(a)) for Hg(2+)·2a was determined to be 3120 ± 307 M(-1). An approximate stoichiometric 1:1 binding determined by Job plot analysis is in line with successful DFT modeling of SSS-Cu(2+) binding for this system type. (1)H NMR spectroscopy also revealed tentative sets of product complex peaks. These simple differences caused by formal ligand Me-group incorporation are the first for any related fluorophores, to the best of our knowledge.     

Facile preparation of SERS-active nanogap-rich Au nanoleaves

To simply reduce HAuCl(4) using 2-thiophenemethanol in an aqueous solution at room temperature, a novel metallic Au nanostructure with a high SERS activity was obtained. Flat sheet-like Au nanoleaves possessing many nanogap hotspots bound with a large percentage of high-index facets were obtained.