Norm-attaining functionals onC(Q, X)

Functionals (vector measures) defined on the spaceC(Q, X) of continuous abstract functions (whereQ is a compact Hausdorff space andX is a Banach space) and attaining their norm on the unit sphere are considered. A characterization of such functionals is given in terms of the Radon-Nikodym derivative of the vector measure with respect to the variation of the measure and in terms of analogs of the derivative. Applications to the characterization of finite-codimensional subspaces with the best approximation property are given. Similar results are obtained for the spaceB(Q, Σ, X) of uniform limits of simple functions. Translated fromMatematicheskie Zametki, Vol. 61, No. 1, pp. 45–56, January, 1997. Translated by V. E. Nazaikinskii     

Compression of powerful microwave frequency-modulated e-polarized pulses by autocollimative gratings

Electromagnetic pulse compressors using gratings in autocollimation regime for the central frequency of a pulse for p- polarization having greater electrical reliability are theoretically investigated. The theory is built on the basis of the numerical decision of electromagnetic field equations by a method of the integral equation. A case of aberrationless approximation of bell-like pulse compression with quadratically modulated phase is analytically considered. The numerical experiment shows the presence of strong distortions of a pulse at compression, caused by cubic and senior members in decomposition of phase frequent dependence, got by a wave in the compressor. Conditions of optimum pulse compression with the account of aberrations are investigated.     

Thermoluminescence measurements of ceramic samples from accidentally polluted territory of southern urals

During 1949–1956, the plutonium production facility Mayak released large quantities of radioactive waste into the Techa river. As a result, a contamination of the river system occurred, and the population of the riverside villages was exposed to external and internal irradiation. Currently, the problem of dose assessment must be solved to make correct risk estimations using the information on long-term epidemiological observations from the URCRM database. TL measurements are an important part of this work. The method of TL dating of ancient pottery and geological objects originally developed in the late 1960s was modified for retrospective dosimetry using environmental materials such as bricks, from procedures developed at Moscow State University. Special investigations were carried out for correct dose estimations in quartz extracted from different layers of brick samples. A number of brick samples were collected from a few buildings that remained in the village of Metlino which was situated 7 km below the point of release and was demolished in 1956. The accrued doses in quartz extracted from the outer centimeter of the bricks ranged from 0.76 to 5.28 Gy. The highest doses were measured in the samples from a wall of the mill located near the river bank.     

The dynamics of seismically isolated equipment

We study the dynamics of seismically isolated buildings. We analyze the influence of the parameters of the seismic isolation system on the magnitude of maximal horizontal displacements of a piece of equipment modeled as a rigid body, using the accelerograms of actual earthquakes. Translated fromDinamicheskie Sistemy, Vol. 11, 1992.     

Dye molecules as nanosize sensors for low-temperature fuel cells

Dye molecules were suggested as a sensitive element for an optical sensor of parameters determining the efficiency of a fuel cell with a proton-exchange membrane, in which a water-methanol mixture is used as a fuel. The sensitivity of representatives of three different types of dyes to the concentrations of protons and methanol was examined.     

Wave beam shaping on diffraction of a whispering gallery wave at a convex cylindrical surface

Institute of Applied Physics, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Radiofizika, Vol. 31, No. 12, pp. 1482–1487, December, 1988.