Nephroprotective Effects of Alhagi camelorum against Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Albino Wistar Rats

Alhagi camelorum (AC) is an old plant with a significant therapeutic value throughout Africa, Asia, and Latin America. The overuse of cisplatin (Cis > 50 mg/m²) is associated with observed nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, gastrotoxicity, myelosuppression, and allergic reactions. Remedial measures are needed for the protection of nephrotoxicity against cisplatin. Thus, we investigated the nephroprotective effects of AC plant extract to prevent cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in albino Wistar rats. The presence of polyphenols, phenolic compounds, tannins, and saponins was revealed during phytochemical investigation, and a significantly intense antioxidant activity was recorded. There were no toxicological symptoms in the treated rats, and no anatomical, physiological, or histological abnormalities were found compared to the control rats. The results of correcting cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity revealed that the extract has a significant ability to treat kidney damage, with most parameters returning to normal after only three weeks of therapy. It is concluded that co-administration of cisplatin with AC extract showed exceptional nephroprotective effects at a dose of 600 mg/kg for Cis-induced nephrotoxicity.     

Tuning the UV/Vis Absorption Spectra of Electrochromic Small Molecular Radicals Through Bridge Modulation

Studies on the optical properties of donor-bridge-acceptor (DBA) materials in their radical anion state are rare but important. Such investigations can help to extend the application of DBA materials to opto-electrochemical devices and no longer limit them to optical physics research. In this work, a series of new DBA materials, TACzs , for overcoming this limitation are reported. All TACzs show strong intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) in their photoexcited states, leading to noticeable solvatochromism. Besides, the electronic structures of their radical anions show great variability, displaying different absorption spectra and diverse colors. Moreover, the potential application of TACzs as electrochromic and electro-fluorochromic materials are discussed. This work demonstrates that manipulating the π bridge between the donor and acceptor in the DBA system is an effective pathway not only to tailor the ICT properties of materials in their neutral state, but also to tune the absorption characteristics of their radical anion state, which makes them very promising for applications in electroluminescent and electrochemical devices.     

Group theoretical analysis for magnetohydrodynamic generalized Stokes’ flow and radiative heat transfer model of a non-Newtonian nanofluid with heat generation/absorption

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry - The fully developed boundary layer flow and heat transfer model of an unsteady, incompressible, electrically conducting, optically thick and...     

Synthesis and performance of a Mono (dodecafluoroheptyl) acetate surfactant

A novel fluorinated surfactant, sodium 1?H, 1?H, 7H-dodecafluoro-1-heptyloxy acetate (DFHAS), was synthesized via a facile two-step synthetic procedure. The structure of product on each step was characterized by ^1?H NMR, ^19?F NMR, ¹³C NMR, FT-IR, and mass spectrum (MS). Ultraviolet absorption (UV) and ring measurements were performed to obtain detailed information of its surface properties. The results demonstrated that the novel surfactant possessed very low critical micelle concentration (CMC, 7.94?mM) and surface tension (20.01?mN/m). Furthermore, the surfactant had preferable thermal stability compared with other perfluorocarboxylates characterized by thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). The practical application performance of DFHAS was finally validated through the emulsion polymerization of vinylidene fluoride (VDF) by means of its excellent emulsifying activities. It is expected that this versatile synthetic strategy may help fabricate satisfying green surfactant systems for the application in fields of emulsion polymerization, drug delivery and greases.GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT     

Synthesis,XRD, spectral (IR,UV–Vis,NMR) characterization and quantum chemical exploration of benzoimidazole‐based hydrazones: A synergistic experimental‐computational analysis

Present study advocates the joint experimental and computational studies of two potent benzoimidazole‐based hydrazones with chemical formula C₂₃H₁₈F₂N₄O ( 5a ) and C₂₅H₂₂FN₅O₃ ( 5b ). Both 5a and 5b were synthesized and resolved into their crystal structures using SC‐XRD for the assessment of bond lengths, bond angles, unit cells and space groups. The structures of 5a and 5b were chemically characterized using infrared (FT‐IR), UV–Visible, nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H‐NMR and ¹³C‐NMR), EIMS and elemental analysis. DFT at M06‐2X/6‐31G(d,p) level of theory was performed to get optimized structures and countercheck the experimental findings. Overall, DFT findings show excellent concurrence with the experimental data which confirms the purity of both compounds. FMO, NBO analysis, MEP surfaces and nonlinear optical (NLO) properties were explored at same level of theory. UV–Vis analysis at TDDFT/M06‐2X/6‐31G(d,p) level of theory showed that 5b is red shifted with λ_max 331.69 nm as compared to 5a with λ_max 240.25 nm. Global reactivity parameters were estimated using energy of FMOs indicated the greater harness value than the softness values of 5a and 5b . NBO analysis confirmed that the presence of non‐covalent interactions, hydrogen bonding and hyper conjugative interactions are pivotal cause for the existence of 5a and 5b in the solid‐state. NLO results of 5a and 5b were observed better than standard molecule recommended the NLO activity of said molecules for optoelectronic applications.     

Isothianaphthene diimide: an air-stable n-type semiconductor

Herein, we propose a new strategy to develop air-stable n-type organic semiconductors with non-classical thiophene aromatic diimide derivatives by replacing aromatic naphthalene with a heteroaromatic isothianaphthene core. We designed and successfully synthesized the isothianaphthene core based diimide material, N,N′-bis(n-hexyl)isothianaphthene-2,3,6,7-tetracarboxylic acid diimide(BTDI-C6) as an n-type semiconductor. Compared to N,N′-bis(n-hexyl)naphthalene-1,4,5,8-tetracarboxylic acid diimide(NDI-C6), BTDI-C6 possesses a deeper LUMO energy level of-4.21 eV, which is 0.32 eV lower than that of NDI-C6. Both molecular modelling and experimental results elucidated that organic thin film transistors(OTFTs)based on both of these materials exhibit comparable mobilities; however, the threshold voltage of BTDI-C6 based device(+7.5 V) is significantly lower than that of NDI-C6 based counterpart(+34V). Moreover, the low-lying LUMO energy level of BTDI-C6 ensures excellent air-stability which is further validated by the device performance. In addition, BTDI-C6 shows high luminescence while NDI-C6 is not luminescent at all in solution, which reveals the potential application of our newly synthesized material in n-type light-emitting transistors.     

Effects of Body Forces on the Statistics of Flame Surface Density and Its Evolution in Statistically Planar Turbulent Premixed Flames

Flow, Turbulence and Combustion - Body forces such as buoyancy and externally imposed pressure gradients are expected to have a strong influence on turbulent premixed combustion due to the...     

Synthesis of Superacid‐Functionalized Mesoporous Nanocages with Tunable Pore Diameters and Their Application in the Synthesis of Coumarins

Here we demonstrate for the first time the preparation of a triflic acid (TFA)‐functionalized mesoporous nanocage with tunable pore diameters by the wet impregnation method. The obtained materials have been unambiguously characterized by XRD, N₂ adsorption, FTIR spectroscopy, and NH₃ temperature‐programmed desorption (TPD). From the characterization results, it has been found that the TFA molecules are firmly anchored on the surface of the mesoporous supports without affecting their acidity. We also demonstrate the effect of the pore and cage diameter of the KIT‐5 supports on the loading of TFA molecules inside the pore channels. It has been found that the total acidity of the materials increases with an increase in the TFA loading on the support, whereas the acidity of the materials decreases with an increase in the pore diameter of the support. The acidity of the TFA‐functionalized mesoporous nanocages is much higher than that of the zeolites and metal‐substituted mesoporous acidic catalysts. The TFA‐functionalized materials have also been employed as the catalysts for the synthesis of 7‐hydroxy‐4‐methylcoumarin by means of the Pechmann reaction under solvent‐free conditions. It has been found that the catalytic activity of the TFA‐functionalized KIT‐5 is much higher than that of zeolites and metal‐substituted mesoporous catalytic materials in the synthesis of coumarin derivatives. The stability of the catalyst is extremely good and can be reused several times without much loss of activity in the above reaction.