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Rosenstein BS Phelps RG Weinstock MA Bernstein JL Gordon ML Rudikoff D Kantor I Shelton R Lebwohl MG 《Photochemistry and photobiology》1999,70(5):798-806
Sun exposure histories were obtained from a series of patients age 35 or younger following diagnosis and removal of a basal cell carcinoma (BCC). The DNA was extracted from tumor biopsy samples derived from BCC of 10 patients who reported that they did not use sunscreens during youth (age 18 or younger) and 10 patients who routinely employed sunscreens during this age period. Exons 5-9 of the p53 gene were then amplified in three fragments from these samples using a nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) approach and screened for mutations using an RNA heteroduplex assay. All PCR products displaying evidence of a mutation were sequenced. It was found that 6 of the 10 patients who were not routine sunscreen users displayed mutations in these p53 exons. All of the mutations were located at dipyrimidine sites, five of the six were C-->T transitions and one mutation was a tandem double mutation, consistent with a role for solar UVB in BCC formation. In contrast, only one p53 mutation was detected in the group of 10 patients who routinely employed sunscreens during childhood and adolescence. Hence, a significantly (P = 0.029) lower level of p53 mutations was detected in the BCC obtained from sunscreen users compared with tumors derived from nonusers. These findings suggest that the mechanisms involved in the etiology of skin carcinogenesis differ in sunscreen users compared with people who did not routinely employ sunscreens. These data are also indicative of a protective effect associated with sunscreen use against the formation of p53 mutations. It is possible that the patients who were diagnosed with BCC despite their use of sunscreens possessed a genetic susceptibility for skin cancer formation and developed BCC through a p53-independent pathway. Alternatively, solar UVA wavelengths, that were generally not blocked by the suncare products employed by the sunscreen users, may have played a significant role in BCC development through induction of a mutation(s) in an oncogene and/or a tumor suppressor gene, other than p53, for these patients. 相似文献
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Shelton DP 《The Journal of chemical physics》2005,123(11):111103
The vertical vertical (VV), horizontal vertical (HV), and vertical horizontal (VH) hyper-Rayleigh scattering (HRS) spectra were measured for liquid CH3NO2 at T= 300 K. The main HRS spectral component has a width upsilon1=1.28 +/- 0.04 cm(-1), which gives an orientation relaxation time pi=4.1 +/- 0.1 ps in good agreement with other experiments. However, the VH spectrum also contains a previously unobserved strong narrow peak at zero-frequency shift, absent from the VV and HV spectra, which is due to a slowly relaxing longitudinal orientation mode. The upper bound on the width of this peak is 5 MHz, which corresponds to a relaxation time pi > 30 ns. 相似文献
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The three most abundant nonhistone polypeptides (molecular weights 75,000, 71,000 and 61,000) of the avian erythrocyte nucleus have previously been isolated in the nuclear envelope fraction. They have been separated by sodium dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and peptide-mapped after limited enzymatic digestion. Three enzymes -- chymotrypsin, papain and Staphylococcus aureus protease -- were used. Results obtained with each enzyme indicate strong similarities between the three nuclear envelope polypeptides. The amino acid compositions of the two most abundant polypeptides (P75 and P71) have been determined and found to be similar. Further, they readily yield large fragments upon brief alkaline hydrolysis. For both P75, and P71 the degree and the pattern of alkaline fragmentation are almost identical. A 61,000-dalton polypeptide which appears to be P61 is obtained from P75 and P71 by mild acid hydrolysis. These results establish the close chemical similarity of these predominant polypeptides in the erythrocyte nucleus and suggest that they serve related functions. 相似文献
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Void swelling is an important phenomenon observed in both nuclear fuels and cladding materials in operating nuclear reactors. In this work we develop a phase-field model to simulate void evolution and void volume change in irradiated materials. Important material processes, including the generation of defects such as vacancies and self-interstitials, their diffusion and annihilation, and void nucleation and evolution, have been taken into account in this model. The thermodynamic and kinetic properties, such... 相似文献
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Patrick Shelton Toby J. Ligon Jennifer M. Dell Loagan Yarbrough James R. Vyvyan 《Tetrahedron letters》2017,58(35):3478-3481
Cananodine is a guaipyridine alkaloid with activity against liver cancer. Cananodine was synthesized using a remarkable intramolecular opening of a trisubstituted epoxide as the key step in construction of the seven-membered carbocycle of the target. The epoxide opening strategy allows all four stereoisomers of cananodine to be prepared. 相似文献
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We report on a high statistics search for the Ξ??(1860) resonance in Σ?-nucleus collisions at 340 GeV/c. No evidence for this resonance is found in our data sample which contains 676000 Ξ? candidates above bakground. For the decay channel Ξ??(1860)→Ξ? π ? and the kinematic range 0.15<xF<0.9 we find a 3σ upper limit for the production cross section of 3.1 and 3.5 μb per nucleon, for reactions with carbon and copper, respectively. 相似文献