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1.
A series of novel multifunctional hydrogels that combined the merits of both thermoresponsive and biodegradable polymeric materials were designed, synthesized, and characterized. The hydrogels were copolymeric networks composed of N‐isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAM) as a thermoresponsive component, poly(L‐lactic acid) (PLLA) as a hydrolytically degradable and hydrophobic component, and dextran as an enzymatically degradable and hydrophilic component. The chemical structures of the hydrogels were characterized by an attenuated total reflection–Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR–FTIR) technique. The hydrogels were thermoresponsive, showing a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) at approximately 32 °C, and their swelling properties strongly depended on temperature changes, the balance of the hydrophilic/hydrophobic components, and the degradation of the PLLA component. The degradation of the hydrogels caused by hydrolytic cleavage of ester bonds in the PLLA component was faster at 25 °C below the LCST than at 37 °C above the LCST, determined by the ATR–FTIR technique. Due to their multifunctional properties, the designed hydrogels show great potential for biomedical applications, including drug delivery and tissue engineering. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 42: 5054–5066, 2004  相似文献   
2.
Some bounds on the entries and on the norm of the inverse of triangular matrices with nonnegative and monotone entries are found. All the results are obtained by exploiting the properties of the fundamental matrix of the recurrence relation which generates the sequence of the entries of the inverse matrix. One of the results generalizes a theorem contained in a recent article of one of the authors about Toeplitz matrices.  相似文献   
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4.
2-Aminopyridinium maleate (2APM) is a recently discovered organic acid-base complex that crystallizes in a non-centrosymmetric space group Pc and hence has a nonzero second-order optical susceptibility. In 2APM the cation (aminopyridinium ion) is connected to the anion (maleate ion) through hydrogen bonds (N1-H10–O2 and N2-H12–O1), we have calculated the molecular properties of 2APM for varying strength of these hydrogen bonds. It is observed that the molecular hyperpolarizabilty varies for varying strength of these hydrogen bonds. These observations are interpreted in terms of the change in nature of the hydrogen bond interaction as its strength is varied. Macropscopic second-order optical susceptibility (d 0) of 2APM is obtained using the calculated value of molecular hyperpolarizability and the reported crystal structure of 2APM. In order to study the influence of molecular packing on the macroscopic non-linear optical property of the crystal, susceptibility calculations are repeated for 2-methyl-4nitroaniline (MNA) crystal, which is a very well known non-linear optical organic crystal with an exceptionally high value of second-order optical susceptibility. A comparison between the non-linear optical property of 2APM and MNA crystals is given. Comparing the values of d 0 of 2APM crystals with that of urea shows that the nonlinear optical response of 2APM crystals will be nearly 10 times that of a urea crystal.  相似文献   
5.
We present exact explicit expressions for the row spin-spin correlation functions 00 n0 in the isotropicd= 2 Ising model, in terms of elliptic integrals, forn 5. We also give a general structural formula for 00 n0.  相似文献   
6.
A compact planar antenna sources with on-chip fabrication and high directivity in order to achieve large depth-of-field for better image resolution is the prospective demand for THz imaging application. Therefore, the small-gap photoconductive dipole antennas have been explored to fulfil such applications demand. However, there are certain modalities for improving the photoconductive dipole antenna performance which need to identify to accomplish high THz average radiated power and improved total efficiency. The unit-cell small-gap photoconductive dipole antenna radiation power enhancement methods need to optimize the design parameters with photoconductive material selection from theoretical simulation. Further, the potential improvement of coupling efficiency of THz wave with air as well as femto-second laser incident efficiency is also important parameters to enhance the radiation power of small-gap photoconductive dipole antenna. In this paper, we have presented an analytical procedure employing explicit mathematical expression leading to the physical behaviour of small-gap photoconductive dipole antenna. The effects of biased lines on the antenna performance parameters are discussed with the help of proposed equivalent circuit model. We have explored the effect of gap-size on the THz radiated power and on total radiation efficiency from the proposed photoconductive dipole antennas.  相似文献   
7.
An analysis of data of target fragments of 28Si-AgBr (at 14.5 AGeV) reveals the existence of emission asymmetry in the azimuthal plane, which is found to depend on the number of target fragments. The comparison with the data of 32S-AgBr (at 200 AGeV) and 16O-AgBr (at 60 AGeV) interactions indicates that emission asymmetry depends on the projectile mass and energy.  相似文献   
8.
This article deals with a spectrographic analysis of the singer's formant as occurred during singing of the vowels /a/, /i/, and /o/ in North Indian classical vocal music. The resonance balance, center frequency, and band-width are shown as a function of fundamental frequency for eight singers.Two new parameters have been defined viz. asymmetry parameter (A) and spectral energy balance (W). Their variation with fundamental frequency is shown.  相似文献   
9.
Submicrometer sized gallium oxide hydroxide (GaO(OH)) and gallium oxide (Ga2O3) rods have been successfully fabricated on a large scale by refluxing an aqueous solution of Ga(NO3)3 and NH4OH in a simple domestic microwave oven (DMO). The structures, morphologies, compositions and physical properties of the as–synthesized and calcined products have been characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), selected area energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SAEDS), thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis. TEM images show that submicrometer sized as–synthesized Ga O(OH) rods have diameters of 0.3–0.5 m and lengths of 3.2–3.5 m. The calcined product consists of submicrometer rods with diameters of 0.4–0.5 m and lengths of 5–5.5 m. XRD, EDX and SAED analysis together indicate that the as–synthesized product has an orthorhombic gallium oxide hydroxide (GaO(OH)) crystal structure, and that the calcined product is rhombohedral Ga2O3. A possible mechanism for the formation of submicrometer sized GaO(OH) rods is discussed briefly.  相似文献   
10.
In this paper, gain flatness is studied for simultaneous 16-ITU-T channel amplifications at C-band (1,532–1,558 nm) in a single stage EDFA for WDM application at different average inversion levels. The inversion levels are varied due to the change of the input signal levels from the targeted operating point and also for dropping few numbers of channels. Specially designed gain flattening filter (GFF) is used in order to get the flat gain with gain variation ±0.5 dB for −20 dBm/ch input signal power (total input signal power is −8.0 dBm) at a fixed average inversion level which is maintained by proper selection of optimum fibre length and pump power. A specific loss spectrum of GFF is obtained by writing a chirped fibre Bragg grating of length 20 mm. Gain variations are studied by changing the total input signal levels from −8.0 dBm to −20.0 dBm and maintained within 20.0 ± 0.5 dB by using automatic gain control (AGC) circuit. About 15 out of 16 channels are dropped and observed ± 0.5 dB gain-variation which is an important parameter in optical network system.  相似文献   
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