Modified Graphenes Prepared by the Interaction of Mechanochemically Nanostructured Graphite with Water and Aliphatic Alcohols

Theoretical and Experimental Chemistry - This is the first demonstration of the feasibility of using the interaction of paramagnetic sites of mechanochemically nanostructured graphite particles...     

Effect of the nature of the solvent and the supporting electrolyte on the electrochemically activated insertion of CO<Subscript>2</Subscript> into fluorine-containing aromatic imines with the production of amino acids

The effect of the nature of the solvent (DMF, DMSO, CH₃CN, N-methylpyrrolidinone, THF) and supporting electrolyte (Bu₄NBr, Et₄NBr, Et₄NClO₄,Me₄NBr, LiBF₄, NaBF₄, and KBF₄) on the electrochemical activation and carboxylation of fluorine-containing aromatic imines by the action of CO₂ was studied for the case of p-and m-fluorobenzylideneaniline. It was shown that factors promoting the formation of intimate ion pairs between the radical-anions of the imines – the initial products of the processes in the electrochemical activation of the imines – and the cations of the supporting electrolyte (decrease of the polarity of the medium and decrease of the radius of the cation in the supporting electrolyte) significantly reduce the effectiveness of electrochemical carboxylation right down to its complete cessation.     

Free-radical processes in the electrochemical conversion of ecologically harmful gas molecules

Published data and the results of the authors' investigations on the electrochemical conversion of carbon, sulfur, and nitrogen oxides and freons into valuable organic products are reviewed. Considerable attention is paid to the probable mechanisms of such processes, the role and position of the radical-ions and free radicals in them, and the effect of the structure of the reagents, the electrolysis conditions, and other factors on the composition and yield of the products. The problems of developing this promising process, which lies at the junction between physical chemistry, organic chemistry, and ecology, are explored. From the contents of a plenary report at the International Symposium “NATO Workshop on Free Radicals in Biology and Environment” (Bardolina, Italy, June 21–26, 1996) [1]. L. V. Pisarzhevskii Institute of Physical Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev. Translated from Teoreticheskaya i éksperimental'naya Khimiya, Vol. 33, No. 5, pp. 268–283, September–October, 1997.     

Electrochemistry of conjugated organic polymers

The electrochemistry of conjugated organic polymers such as polyaniline, polythiophene, and polypyrrole has been reviewed. The physical chemistry and, especially, the electrochemistry of conducting polymers (CP) are largely determined by their electrosynthesis conditions. The effects of such factors as the dopant, solvent, and base electrolyte on the preparation and electrochemical n- and p-doping of CP have been considered. The outstanding features of the electrochemistry of CP have been delineated. The prospects for the use of CP as active cathode and anode materials in chemical cells have been discussed.Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Éksperimental'naya Khimiya, Vol. 30, No. 3, pp. 111–129, May–June, 1994.