二氧化硅胶体晶体组装形貌研究

用原子力显微镜表征了二氧化硅胶体晶体的组装,探讨了二氧化硅微球用自然沉降法、抽滤法、溶剂挥发法组装时的组装行为,同时讨论了不同颗粒表面电位、不同溶剂介质及不同温度对其组装结果的影响。结果表明,颗粒表面电位是影响二氧化硅胶体晶体有序组装的重要因素之一。文中总结了最优的介质组成和温度条件,指出溶剂挥发法是较优的二氧化硅胶体晶体组装方法,其方法操作简单、周期短、得到的胶态晶体质量高,能在较大面积内高度有序。     

High-performance liquid chromatography of in vitro synthesized poly(ADP-ribose) on ion-exchange columns, separation of oligomers of varying chain length and estimation of apparent branching

Separated macromolecular fractions of in vitro synthesized poly(ADP-ribose) by liver nuclei were subjected to ion-exchange chromatography in a programmed high-performance liquid chromatographic elution system. The effects of ionic strength, pH and temperature on the separation of poly(ADP-ribose) chains were determined. Short chain oligomers (up to n = 11) were fractionated into individual components by baseline separation. Each fraction was analyzed for chain length. Trace amounts of Ado(P)Rib(P)Rib(P) found in phosphodiesterase digests were taken as indication of apparent branching. In phosphodiesterase digests of the shorter oligomers, besides traces of the above component, two other digestion products were also observed, presumably representing oligomer termini, one terminal fragment being dominant in short oligomers. Medium and long chain oligomers were partly resolved to individual components, and especially the long oligomers exhibited marked temperature dependent elution patterns. Apparent branching increased with increasing chain length up to about 3% for n = 44 and components presumably indicating termini diminished to mere traces. The adenine spectra of all fractions identified individual components.     

红外光谱法直接鉴别苦丁茶的研究

本文利用傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)法快速、直接地测定了11种苦丁茶,并对所获得的指纹图谱进行特征峰指认和对比分析。结果表明:各种苦丁茶化学成分相同,而由于各成分间的相对含量的不同,使每种样品都有自己独特的红外谱图,不同产地、不同级别苦丁茶的红外吸收频率、吸收峰的相对强度都存在比较大的差异。同时还运用傅立叶变换红外光谱技术对不同产地、不同级别苦丁茶的混合化学体系进行了全组分快速分析,为苦丁茶的鉴别及质量控制提供了可靠的依据。     

高效液相色谱电化学法检测人体血浆中芹菜素和相关黄酮类化合物

建立了同时检测人体血浆中芹菜素等5种黄酮类化合物含量的反相高效液相色谱法。血浆样品经固相萃取柱提取后,用Hypersil C18色谱柱分离样品,流动相为甲醇/磷酸水溶液(V/V,2/3,pH2.25),等度洗脱,流量为1 mL/min,柱温为40℃,用电化学检测器在直接模式下,1100 mV分析检测待测物,内标法定量。对于全部待测组分r均大于0.99;槲皮素、毛地黄黄酮、山奈酚、芹菜素和异鼠李黄素线性范围分别为3~7000、3~5900、3~7000、5~7000和3~7400 nmol/L;检出限为1.4~4.8 nmol/L。方法的实际样品加标回收率为86.8%~102.9%;相对标准偏差(RSD)低于7.4%(n=3)。方法简便、快速、准确,可用于芹菜素等黄酮类化合物在人体内的生物利用度及膳食干预研究。     

Visual detection of cysteine and homocysteine

The determination of cysteine and homocysteine levels is of great current interest for the monitoring of desease states. A new colorimetric method for the simultaneous detection of l-cysteine and l-homocysteine has been developed. A fluorescein derivative reacts with the above amino acids, producing their respective thiazolidines resulting in color changes. Interference from other amino acids and proteins is minimal.     

Bis­(ethyl­enedi­amine)copper(II) bis(O,O′‐diethyl di­thio­phosphate)

In the structure of the title compound, [Cu^II­(en)₂][(EtO)₂P(S)S]₂ (en is ethyl­ene­di­amine) or [Cu(C₂H₈N₂)₂](C₄H₁₀O₂PS₂)₂, the Cu atom lies on a center of inversion and is coordinated in a slightly distorted square coordination geometry by four N atoms from two ethyl­enedi­amine mol­ecules. The diethyl di­thio­phosphate moieties, (EtO)₂P(S)S^?, act as counter‐anions.     

吡咯烷酮酸性离子液体的合成及其对酯化反应的催化活性

合成并表征了 2-吡咯烷酮硫酸氢盐([Hnhp]HSO4)、 1-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮硫酸氢盐([Hnmp]HSO4)、 1-甲基咪唑硫酸氢盐([Hmim]HSO4)、 1-(3-磺酸基)-丙基-3-甲基咪唑硫酸氢盐([C3SO3Hmim]HSO4)和1-(3-磺酸基)-丙基-2-吡咯烷酮硫酸氢盐([C3SO3Hnhp]HSO4)等以HSO-4为阴离子的质子酸离子液体,并以乙酸和正丁醇的酯化反应考察了这些离子液体的催化活性.结果表明,当n(n-BuOH):n(MeCO2H):n([C3SO3Hnhp]HSO4)=1.2:1:0.005,反应温度为120 ℃和反应时间为 1 h 时,酯收率可达99%以上;反应结束后离子液体与酯产物可分成两相,而且该离子液体重复使用8次,催化活性没有明显下降.探讨了阳离子结构及Brnsted酸性对催化活性的影响,考察了离子液体与酯化反应相关组分的互溶性.结果表明,离子液体的分相性能对催化效果有较大的影响,离子液体的催化活性与其酸性、溶解性密切相关.     

乙烯-α-烯烃共聚物的结晶性能及其临界序列结晶长度的研究

本文用DSC、WAXD及偏光显微镜(PLM)方法,研究了化学反应法催化剂合成的乙烯-α-烯烃共聚物的结晶性能及其临界序列结晶长度。结果表明,随共聚物中α-烯烃含量增大,共聚物的微晶尺寸、结晶度及熔点均逐渐减小,而晶胞参数增大。变化的辐度戊烯>辛烯。共聚物的临界结晶序列长度(n)和k值均戊烯<辛烯。上述结果表明影响支链进入晶格的主要因素是α-烯烃支链长度和结构。     

β-环糊精与苯基偶氮(4-偶氮-1)-2-萘酚(苏丹红Ⅲ)相互作用的光谱研究

利用分光光度法研究了苯基偶氮(4-偶氮-1)-2-萘酚(苏丹红Ⅲ)与β-环糊精的包合机理。用红外光谱法确认了主体分子对客体分子的包合深度。结果表明:苯基偶氮(4-偶氮-1)-2-萘酚与β-环糊精形成1∶1的包容络合物,包合常数为7.95×102L/mol,求出了包合反应热力学参数ΔG,ΔH及ΔS,整个包合过程受熵变控制。     

稀土磷酸盐发光材料的微波合成

稀土磷酸盐发光材料的微波合成徐文国，田一光，刘淼，刘海堂，方光华，庞文琴（吉林大学化学系，环境科学系，长春，１３００２３）关键词微波合成，稀土磷酸盐，微晶玻璃，玻璃态，发光材料稀土磷酸盐发光材料的研究是当前材料科学的热门研究课题。它们一般通过高温固相...