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91.
In order to prepare SiO(2) nanoparticles that are dispersible in various organic solvents, an anionic surfactant 1, which branches into a hydrophobic chain and a hydrophilic chain, was adsorbed on to SiO(2) nanoparticles through a layer-by-layer surface modification route using polyethyleneimine (PEI). First, the relationship among the additive content of PEI, adsorbed content of PEI, and the redispersion stability of the SiO(2) nanoparticles in water was investigated. While almost the entire PEI was adsorbed when the additive PEI content was lower than 67 mg/g of SiO(2), the adsorbed content of PEI became saturated when the additive content was increased above 90 mg/g of SiO(2). SiO(2) nanoparticles that were saturated with PEI could be redispersed into water at sizes close to their primary particle size without the large-scale formation of aggregates. Next, the anionic surfactant 1 was adsorbed on the SiO(2) nanoparticles by using a SiO(2) aqueous suspension saturated with adsorbed PEI. It was found that the adsorbed content of 1 increased almost linearly as the additive content was increased when the additive condition was below 1400 mg/g of SiO(2). Furthermore, SiO(2) nanoparticles adsorbed with 80 mg/g of SiO(2) of PEI and 810 mg/g of SiO(2) of 1 could be dispersed into various organic solvents with different polarities. This layer-by-layer modification technique can also be applied to Ag nanoparticles in order to prepare Ag nanoparticles that can be dispersed in various organic solvents. 相似文献
92.
Taihei Nishiyama Yoshifumi Kusumoto Ken Okumura Kanako Hara Shohei Kusaba Keiko Hirata Yukihiro Kamiya Minoru Isobe Prof. Dr. Keiji Nakano Dr. Hiyoshizo Kotsuki Prof. Dr. Yoshiyasu Ichikawa Prof. Dr. 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2010,16(2):600-610
The first total synthesis of amino sugar antibiotic glycocinnasperimicin D ( 1 ) has been achieved by a convergent, three‐component coupling strategy. The key steps involve the Heck–Mizoroki reaction by using the iodophenyl glycoside 50 and acryl amide 32 to furnish the right core structure of 1 , and the construction of the urea glycoside employing the reaction of glycosyl isocyanate 8 with amino sugar 9 . Glycosyl isocyanate 8 was prepared by the oxidation of isonitrile 10 , which displayed excellent reactivity in the coupling event. Synthetic roadblocks, encountered during this synthetic effort, have led to the development of the α‐selective, Lewis acid catalyzed phenyl glycosylation process with 2‐amino‐hexopyranose and a procedure for acetonide deprotection without affecting the silyl ethers. 相似文献
93.
An electrode covered with a lectin/collagen film was constructed to investigate whether the film was usable as a reaction field of binding between the lectin and sugar. The protein-sugar binding on cell surface plays an important role to various physiologic processes. The film is considered to be a cell surface, due to its biocompatibility. The immobilization of concanavalin A (Con A) which is one of proteins was attempted by an electrostatic interaction of the protonated functional groups of film to the negative charged Con A. The merit of this immobilization is that the interaction hardly causes any changes in the protein structure. Because Con A recognizes mannose moiety, the mannose was labeled with an electroactive compound. The binding was estimated from the changes of the electrode response based on the holding of electroactive moiety in the binding site of Con A to the mannose moiety. However, the electrode responses of glucose and galactose labeled with the same substance did not change. The result shows that Con A is immobilized on the film and combines with labeled mannose. Therefore, it is clear that the collagen film is suitable as the reaction field to evaluate the protein-sugar binding. 相似文献
94.
Brownian dynamics simulations of the gating mechanism of the extracellular loops of the β2-adrenergic receptor suggest that loop gating alone will not permit the larger ligands to bind and hence suggests that lateral helix movement is also required in the binding process. 相似文献
95.
Takeda-Shitaka M Kamiya K Miyata T Ohkura N Madoiwa S Sakata Y Umeyama H 《Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin》1999,47(3):322-328
Catalytic activity of human plasmin is inhibited by bovine basic pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (BPTI, also known as aprotinin). In spite of increased interest in the function of BPTI as an inhibitor of plasmin, the 3-D structure of the plasmin-BPTI complex has not yet been determined. Therefore, in the present paper, the structure of the plasmin-BPTI complex was constructed by the homology modeling method, which provided information about the high affinity of plasmin for BPTI. Moreover, normal mode analyses of free plasmin, free BPTI and the plasmin-BPTI complex were carried out to investigate the changes in dynamics following complex formation. After study of the plasmin-BPTI interaction, we also investigated the binding of BPTI with abnormal plasmin, theoretically and experimentally. The result showing that BPTI binds to abnormal plasmin in the same way as it does to normal plasmin supports the previous finding that the difference between normal and abnormal plasmins is very small and that the abnormality is localized to the catalytic site. 相似文献
96.
Miyako E Maruyama T Kamiya N Goto M 《Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)》2003,(23):2926-2927
Coupling lipase reactions with a supported liquid membrane (SLM) based on ionic liquids showed facilitative and selective permeation of (S)-ibuprofen through the SLM, indicating successful optical resolution of a racemic mixture using the enzyme-facilitative SLM. 相似文献
97.
98.
The syntheses of FR-33289 (), originally isolated from a microorganism, and FR-32863 (), first designed on the basis of a biogenetic consideration and recently found to be also present in nature, are described. 相似文献
99.
The compound Cr2TiO5 could be synthesized as a stoichiometric single phase above 1660°C in air. Application of selected area electron diffraction, high resolution electron microscopy and powder X-ray diffraction studies showed that Cr2TiO5 is isomorphous with CrFeTiO5, with V3O5 type structure. It is monoclinic, a = 7.020(1)Å, b = 5.025(1)Å, c = 9.945(2)Å and β = 111.43(2)°. It was found that Cr2TiO5 is unstable relative to a mixture of Cr2O3 (ss) and a so-called “E” phase, below 1660°C. 相似文献
100.
Sadahito Aoshima Hideshi Onishi Masamichi Kamiya Kenji Shachi Eiichi Kobayashi 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》1994,32(5):879-887
In the living cationic polymerization of isobutyl vinyl ether (IBVE) by the CH3CH (OiBu) OCOCH3 ( 1 )/EtAlCl2 initiating system in the presence of the added base in hexane at +40°C, the stability of the initiating system 1 /EtAlCl2, which form initiating species CH3CH⊕ (OiBu) derived from 1 , was investigated. In the presence of the Lewis base such as ethyl acetate or 1,4-dioxane, the active species was stable for 300 min even at +40°C in the absence of IBVE, and the living polymers were quantitatively obtained by adding IBVE. However, the active species was partly consumed by side reactions during the standing time for 60 min in the presence of a less basic additive such as ethyl benzoate, and about 50% of the active species was deactivated in the presence of methyl chloroacetate. Consequently, in the case of a less basic additive such as methyl chloroacetate (which was effective for the fast living polymerization), it can be seen that the careful selection of polymerization conditions was required. The living polymerization rate was dependent on the second order of EtAlCl2 concentration. EtAlCl2 induced the cleavage of 1 into CH3CH⊕ (OiBu) and EtAl?Cl2(OCOCH3), and the reactivity of CH3CH⊕ (OiBu) and propagating carbocation may be controlled by EtAl?Cl2(OCOCH3) with the aid of other EtAlCl2. Et1.5AlCl1.5 exists as a bimetallic complex of EtAlCl2 and Et2AlCl, and it is expected that the polymers having a bimodal molecular weight distribution will be obtained due to two kinds of counteranions coming from EtAlCl2 and Et2AlCl. However, in the cationic polymerization of IBVE by 1 /Et1.5AlCl1.5 in the presence of ethyl acetate, the living polymer exhibiting a unimodal and very narrow molecular weight distribution was obtained. Thereby, it was suggested that the counteranions, EtAl?Cl2(OCOCH3) and Et2Al?Cl(OCOCH3), exchange rapidly with each other. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献