Application of the fractional differential transform method to fractional-order integro-differential equations with nonlocal boundary conditions

In this paper, the fractional differential transform method is developed to solve fractional integro-differential equations with nonlocal boundary conditions. The method is described and illustrated with numerical examples. The results reveal that the method is accurate and easy to apply.     

Fabrication of graphene‐silver/polyurethane nanofibrous scaffolds for cardiac tissue engineering

The graphene‐based nanocomposites are considered as great candidates for enhancing electrical and mechanical properties of nonconductive scaffolds in cardiac tissue engineering. In this study, reduced graphene oxide‐silver (rGO‐Ag) nanocomposites (1 and 2 wt%) were synthesized and incorporated into polyurethane (PU) nanofibers via electrospinning technique. Next, the human cardiac progenitor cells (hCPCs) were seed on these scaffolds for in vitro studies. The rGO‐Ag nanocomposites were studied by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscope (TEM). After incorporation of rGO‐Ag into PU nanofibers, the related characterizations were carried out including scanning electron microscope (SEM), TEM, water contact angle, and mechanical properties. Furthermore, PU and PU/nanocomposites scaffolds were used for in vitro studies, wherein hCPCs showed good cytocompatibility via 3‐(4, 5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and considerable attachment on the scaffold using SEM studies. Real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunostaining studies confirmed the upregulation of cardiac specific genes including GATA‐4, T‐box 18 (TBX 18), cardiac troponin T (cTnT), and alpha‐myosin heavy chain (α‐MHC) in the PU/rGO‐Ag scaffolds in comparison with neat PU ones. Therefore, these nanofibrous rGO‐Ag–reinforced PU scaffolds can be considered as suitable candidates in cardiac tissue engineering.     

Unsymmetrically substituted benzimidazolium based Silver(I)-N-heterocyclic carbene complexes: Synthesis,characterization and in vitro anticancer study against human breast cancer and colon cancer

The promising biomedical applications of silver complexes stimulated the researchers to test these compounds against cancer. The present research work was designed to achieve this goal. In this work, a series of 5-methyl benzimidazole based N-Heterocyclic carbene ligands and respective silver(I) complexes were synthesized and tested on cancer cell lines to assess their anticancer activity. Unsymmetrically substituted benzimidazole was found unique in its reactivity and generation of a single product during NHC ligand formation was only possible after two successive alkylations with same alkyl halide. The corresponding Ag(I)-NHC adducts were obtained by in situ deprotonation of the NHC ligands. Synthesized compounds were characterized by various physcio-chemical and spectroscopic methods. Single crystal X-ray diffraction study of complex 7 revealed its mononuclear structure. Preliminary in vitro anticancer study of azolium salts and respective Ag(I)-NHC complexes against human breast cancer (MDA-MB-231), colon cancer (HCT-116) and normal endothelial cells (EA.hy926) cells revealed that all the compounds are more cytotoxic to cancer cells than normal cells and the complexes are relatively more potent compared to the corresponding NHC ligands. It was found that increased chain length and presence of methyl substituent on benzimidazole ring enhance the biopotency of Ag(I)-NHC complexes. The synthesized compounds were further studied for pro-apoptotic mechanism of action via Rhodamine 123 test. The tested compounds were found to induce apoptosis via extrinsic mitochondrial pathway.     

Rigorous smart model for predicting dynamic viscosity of Al2O3/water nanofluid

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry - Due to the enhanced thermophysical specifications of nanofluids, such as thermal conductivity, these types of fluids are appropriate candidates for...     

Experimental investigation of paraffin nano-encapsulated phase change material on heat transfer enhancement of pulsating heat pipe

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry - In this study, a mixture of nano-encapsulated phase change materials in water has been used as the working fluid in a pulsating heat pipe in order to...     

Recent developments of metallic nanoparticles and their catalytic activity in organic reactions

During the last two decades, with the development of nanotechnology, various nanomaterials have been designed and generated. Among them, hybrid organic–inorganic nanoparticles as a particular immobilizing carrier of the catalyst active sites have shown an important contribution in the current research studies. This is due to the large area and loads of active sites. This prominent review is focused on the novel various exa about the immobilization of nanoparticles with organic compounds as versatile and efficient catalysts in organic syntheses.     

Solar dryers as a promising drying technology: a comprehensive review

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry - Dryers are utilized in food industry and agriculture in order to extend the useful lifespan of corps. Thermal energy is required for water removal in...     

Immersed boundary—thermal lattice Boltzmann method for the moving simulation of non-isothermal elliptical particles

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry - The study is concerned with the understanding of elliptical particles’ transport behavior coupled with heat transfer effects. A combination of...     

CuI-catalyzed tandem synthesis of thioethers using aryl halides,electron-deficient alkenes,and sodium iso-propyl xanthogenate

A ligand-free, CuI-catalyzed protocol was developed for the one-step preparation of Michael adducts of aromatic thiols in high yields by reacting a mixture of an aryl halide and an electron-deficient alkene with sodium iso-propyl xanthogenate.