Multiplicities of secondary hadrons produced in vp and vp charged current interactions

In an experiment with the hydrogen bubble chamber BEBC at CERN multiplicities of hadrons produced in νp and $\text{v}\text{p}$ interactions have been investigated. Results are presented on the multiplicities of charged hadrons and neutral pions, forward and backward multiplicities of charged hadrons and correlations between forward and backward multiplicities. Comparisons are made with hadronic reactions and e⁺e^? annihilation. In the framework of the quark-parton model the data imply similar charged multiplicities for the fragments of a u- and a d-quark, and a larger multiplicities for the fragments of a uu- than for a ud-diquark. The correlation data suggest independent fragmentation of the quark and diquark for hadronic masses above ～ 7 GeV and local charge compensation within an event.     

Study of transverse momenta of charged hadrons produced in νp and\bar vp charged current interactions

Data from a neutrino and antineutrino hydrogen experiment with BEBC are used to investigate transverse properties of the produced charged hadrons. Measurements are presented on average transverse momenta of charged pions as functions of Feynman-x and the hadronic mass, on the transverse momentum flow within an event and on jet-related quantities. The main features of the data are well described by the LUND model. The data favour a version of the model in which soft gluon effects are included and the primordial transverse momentum of the quarks in the proton is small. Effects from 1^st order QCD (hard gluon emission) are negligible.     

Structure of 14C from 12C(t,p)

The reaction ¹²C(t, p)¹⁴C has been investigated with an 18 MeV triton beam. Twenty energy levels of ¹⁴C were identified up to 13 MeV excitation. Angular distributions were measured and compared with DWBA calculations. A previously unreported 0⁺ level at 9.75 MeV was observed; it undoubtedly corresponds to the second predominantly sd shell 0⁺ state in ¹⁴C. Additional spin and parity assignments have been made in the present work: 9.81 MeV, (1^?); 10.43 MeV, 2⁺; 10.50 MeV, (3^?); 10.74 MeV, 4⁺; 11.40 MeV, 1^?; 11.67 MeV, (1^?); 11.73 MeV, (5^?); 12.58 MeV, (2⁺, 3^?); 12.87 MeV. 2⁺, 3^?; and 12.96 MeV, (1^?); none of which had a definite spin and parity assignment previously. Our results confirm the previous information on the level structure of ¹⁴C below 8.5 MeV. The cross section for the unnatural parity state at 7.34 MeV, J^π = 2^?, is well reproduced by a two-step reaction calculation. The results are compared with the predictions of a weak coupling model.     

Investigation of 16O excited states via the 14N(3He,p) reaction

The reaction ¹⁴N(³He, p)¹⁶O has been investigated at a bombarding energy of 15.0 MeV, using a differentially pumped gas target. Angular distributions were measured for 30 levels below 16.5 MeV in excitation. Data were compared with shell-model calculations of Zuker, Buck and McGrory for states whose correspondence with theory is established. Many states are found to possess a large compound-nucleus reaction component. Several previously unreported levels are observed at high excitation. Angular distributions for all except the weakest levels have been compared with DWBA calculations.     

Cyclopolymerisation. 7. Mitt. Die13C-NMR-Spektren von Cyclopolymeren aus N,N-Diallylaminen

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Long descending cervical propriospinal neurons differ from thoracic propriospinal neurons in response to low thoracic spinal injury

Background  

Propriospinal neurons, with axonal projections intrinsic to the spinal cord, have shown a greater regenerative response than supraspinal neurons after axotomy due to spinal cord injury (SCI). Our previous work focused on the response of axotomized short thoracic propriospinal (TPS) neurons following a low thoracic SCI (T9 spinal transection or moderate spinal contusion injury) in the rat. The present investigation analyzes the intrinsic response of cervical propriospinal neurons having long descending axons which project into the lumbosacral enlargement, long descending propriospinal tract (LDPT) axons. These neurons also were axotomized by T9 spinal injury in the same animals used in our previous study.     

Anatase—a pigment in ancient artwork or a modern usurper?

Fragments of wall-paintings from Roman villas in Easton Maudit, which date from ca 150 AD have been studied by Raman spectroscopy. An intact ancient Roman paint pot discovered in the remains of a villa in Castor, Cambridgeshire, still containing a mixture of white and red pigment was also analysed and the pigments identified as haematite and anatase. The discovery of anatase in the intact artist’s paint pot, particularly, and also on fragments of broken paint pots from the Easton Maudit villa site, is a unique contribution to current knowledge of ancient European pigment history, because the presence of this mineral has not hitherto been recognised fully in an ancient artist’s palette. The relative spectral response of anatase and haematite in the Raman data is compared with that of anatase and other red pigments such as minium, cinnabar, and litharge.     

Relaxation effects in the quantification of fat using gradient echo imaging

Quantification of fat has been investigated using images acquired from multiple gradient echoes. The evolution of the signal with echo time and flip angle was measured in phantoms of known fat and water composition and in 21 research subjects with fatty liver. Data were compared to different models of the signal equation, in which each model makes different assumptions about the T1 and/or T2* relaxation effects. A range of T1, T2*, fat fraction and number of echoes was investigated to cover situations of relevance to clinical imaging. Results indicate that quantification is most accurate at low flip angles (to minimize T1 effects) with a small number of echoes (to minimize spectral broadening effects). At short echo times, the spectral broadening effects manifest as a short apparent T2 for the fat component.