全文获取类型
收费全文 | 10302篇 |
免费 | 1638篇 |
国内免费 | 1331篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 7666篇 |
晶体学 | 130篇 |
力学 | 569篇 |
综合类 | 108篇 |
数学 | 1120篇 |
物理学 | 3678篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 19篇 |
2023年 | 174篇 |
2022年 | 186篇 |
2021年 | 283篇 |
2020年 | 385篇 |
2019年 | 350篇 |
2018年 | 302篇 |
2017年 | 278篇 |
2016年 | 489篇 |
2015年 | 499篇 |
2014年 | 607篇 |
2013年 | 779篇 |
2012年 | 871篇 |
2011年 | 877篇 |
2010年 | 731篇 |
2009年 | 636篇 |
2008年 | 753篇 |
2007年 | 679篇 |
2006年 | 614篇 |
2005年 | 561篇 |
2004年 | 450篇 |
2003年 | 351篇 |
2002年 | 334篇 |
2001年 | 294篇 |
2000年 | 233篇 |
1999年 | 214篇 |
1998年 | 176篇 |
1997年 | 153篇 |
1996年 | 139篇 |
1995年 | 105篇 |
1994年 | 113篇 |
1993年 | 96篇 |
1992年 | 94篇 |
1991年 | 91篇 |
1990年 | 54篇 |
1989年 | 66篇 |
1988年 | 50篇 |
1987年 | 47篇 |
1986年 | 28篇 |
1985年 | 27篇 |
1984年 | 17篇 |
1983年 | 12篇 |
1982年 | 9篇 |
1981年 | 10篇 |
1980年 | 4篇 |
1979年 | 5篇 |
1975年 | 2篇 |
1974年 | 4篇 |
1957年 | 2篇 |
1935年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 156 毫秒
31.
激光晶体YAG中Er3+的辐射跃迁 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文讨论和分析了激光晶体YAG中Er3+离子的激光上能级的4S3/2、4I11/2和4I13/2辐射跃迁的有关因素。 相似文献
32.
1.INTRODUCTION[()-227.3()]Endotoxinislipopolysaccharide(LPS)derivedfromthecellmembranesofgram-negativebacteria.Endotoxincancausefebrilereactionsinanimalswithsymptomsofhighfever,vasodilation,diarrheaandfetalshockwheninjectedeveninaverysmallamount[1].Iftheconcentrationofendotoxininpatients?bloodishighenoughitcancauseseveresepsis,whichisamajorcauseofdeathinpatientsandcontinuestohaveahighmortalitydespiteappropriatesurgery,potentantibiotic,andintensivesupportivetherapy[2~5].LipidAisthemaintox… 相似文献
33.
J.J. Pan Xiangdong Qiu Kejian Guan Liang Dong FengQing Zhou Wei Wang Mingjie Zhang James Guo Jun Yang Chunmeng Wu 《光学学报》2003,23(Z1)
A low cost, coolerless 980nm diode pumped, gain flattened L band EDFA with fast transient control, high pump efficiency and gain clamping effect was realized by using FBGs as C band seed generators. 相似文献
34.
XiWenHE HongShengGUO YuMeiJIA 《中国化学快报》2003,14(9):979-982
In order to obtain mechanically stable membrane for practical application, the imprinted polymer was synthesized in the pores of polyfluoromembrane, the binding and transport ability of the membrane were studied. 相似文献
35.
36.
Xin‐Gui Li Run‐Feng Chen Mei‐Rong Huang Mei‐Fang Zhu Qun Chen 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2004,42(9):2073-2092
A new series of copolymers was synthesized through the oxidative polymerization of pyrrole (PY) and o‐phenetidine (PHT) with inorganic oxidants in acidic media. The polymerization parameters including the mixing method of the oxidant with the comonomer, the comonomer ratio, the time, the temperature, the oxidant, the organic medium, and the acid were systematically optimized for the synthesis of copolymers with high yields, intrinsic viscosities, and solubility. The resultant copolymers were characterized by elemental analysis, infrared, ultraviolet–visible, solution high‐resolution 1H NMR and solid‐state high‐resolution 13C NMR, circular dichroism spectroscopy, and cyclic voltammetry. The results showed that the PY observed content in the copolymers was much higher than the PY feed content. The regular variation of the polymerization yield, intrinsic viscosity, solubility, macromolecular structure, and electroactivity of the resulting polymers with the comonomer ratio, together with the complete solubility of a PY/PHT (10/90) polymer in highly polar solvents, indicated the formation of real random copolymers containing both PY and PHT units rather than a mixture of two homopolymers. However, the polymers containing more than 59 mol % PY were not homogeneous copolymers consisting of soluble and insoluble parts. A semiquantitative relationship between the polymerization yield or solubility of the copolymers and the polarity index of the organic solvents was examined. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 42: 2073–2092, 2004 相似文献
37.
Starch belongs to the polyglucan group. This type of polysaccharide shows a broad β-relaxation process in dielectric spectra at low temperatures, which has its molecular origin in orientational motions of sugar rings via glucosidic linkages. This chain dynamic was investigated for α(1,4)-linked starch oligomers with well-defined chain lengths of 2, 3, 4, 6, and 7 anhydroglucose units (AGUs) and for α(1,4)-polyglucans with average degrees of polymerization of 5, 10, 56, 70, and so forth (up to 3000; calculated from the mean molecular weight). The activation energy (Ea) of the segmental chain motion was lowest for dimeric maltose (Ea = 49.4 ± 1.3 kJ/mol), and this was followed by passage through a maximum at a degree of polymerization of 6 (Ea = 60.8 ± 1.8 kJ/mol). Subsequently, Ea leveled off at a value of about 52 ± 1.5 kJ/mol for chains containing more than 100 repeating units. The results were compared with the values of cellulose-like oligomers and polymers bearing a β(1,4)-linkage. Interestingly, the shape of the Ea dependency on the chain length of the molecules was qualitatively the same for both systems, whereas quantitatively the starch-like substances generally showed higher Ea values. Additionally, and for comparison, three cyclodextrins were measured by dielectric relaxation spectroscopy. The ringlike molecules, with 6, 7, and 8 α(1,4)-linked AGUs, showed moderately different types of dielectric spectra. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 42: 188–197, 2004 相似文献
38.
Qingbiao Yang Zhenyu Li Youliang Hong Yiyang Zhao Shilun Qiu Ce Wang Yen Wei 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》2004,42(20):3721-3726
Although there have been many reports on the preparation and applications of various polymer nanofibers with the electrospinning technique, the understanding of synthetic parameters in electrospinning remains limited. In this article, we investigate experimentally the influence of solvents on the morphology of the poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) micro/nanofibers prepared by electrospinning PVP solution in different solvents, including ethanol, dichloromethane (MC) and N,N‐dimethylformamide (DMF). Using 4 wt % PVP solutions, the PVP fibers prepared from MC and DMF solvents had a shape like a bead‐on‐a‐string. In contrast, smooth PVP nanofibers were obtained with ethanol as a solvent although the size distribution of the fibers was somewhat broadened. In an effort to prepare PVP nanofibers with small diameters and narrow size distributions, we developed a strategy of using mixed solvents. The experimental results showed that when the ratio of DMF to ethanol was 50:50 (w/w), regular cylindrical PVP nanofibers with a diameter of 20 nm were successfully prepared. The formation of these thinnest nanofibers could be attributed to the combined effects of ethanol and DMF solvents that optimize the solution viscosity and charge density of the polymer jet. In addition, an interesting helical‐shaped fiber was obtained from 20 wt % PVP solution in a 50:50 (w/w) mixed ethanol/DMF solvent. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 42: 3721–3726, 2004 相似文献
39.
利用常温下恒流和恒压电晕充电、充电后的等温表面电位衰减、热刺激放电和扫描电镜等实 验手段研究了恒流和恒压电晕充电技术对聚四氟乙烯多孔薄膜驻极体驻极态的影响.与恒压电晕充电相比较,恒流电晕充电时由于流过薄膜的电流恒定,增加了注入电荷在多孔结构厚度方向界面处的俘获概率,使沉积电荷密度上升,改善了驻极体的储电能力.然而,这些位于不同层深多孔界面处的俘获电荷在这类功能膜储存或使用过程中,经外激发从脱阱位置 以跳动(hopping)模式输运至背电极的路径相对缩短将导致脱阱电荷衰减较快.
关键词:
恒流电晕充电
聚四氟乙烯多孔膜
驻极体
电荷稳定性 相似文献
40.
Qing An WU Zhen Yuan XU Mei ZHENG Dan Qian XU Jun XU Yin Chu SHENCollege of Chemical Engineering Materials Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 《中国化学快报》2004,(7)
Six new 13-O-acylavermectin Bl aglycones(3-8) were synthesized from avermectin B1 aglycone and their bioactivities were evaluated against Spodoptera exigua, Spodoptera eridania, Tetranychus urticae and Aphis fabae. 相似文献