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131.
Hendrik Schneider Lukas Deweid Thomas Pirzer Desislava Yanakieva Simon Englert Bastian Becker Dr. Olga Avrutina Prof. Dr. Harald Kolmar 《ChemistryOpen》2019,8(3):354-357
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are multicomponent biomolecules that have emerged as a powerful tool for targeted tumor therapy. Combining specific binding of an immunoglobulin with toxic properties of a payload, they however often suffer from poor hydrophilicity when loaded with a high amount of toxins. To address these issues simultaneously, we developed dextramabs, a novel class of hybrid antibody-drug conjugates. In these architectures, the therapeutic antibody trastuzumab is equipped with a multivalent dextran polysaccharide that enables efficient loading with a potent toxin in a controllable fashion. Our modular chemoenzymatic approach provides an access to synthetic dextramabs bearing monomethyl auristatin as releasable cytotoxic cargo. They possess high drug-to-antibody ratios, remarkable hydrophilicity, and high toxicity in vitro. 相似文献
132.
Impact of the Oxygen Defects and the Hydrogen Concentration on the Surface of Tetragonal and Monoclinic ZrO2 on the Reduction Rates of Stearic Acid on Ni/ZrO2 下载免费PDF全文
Sebastian Foraita Dr. John L. Fulton Zizwe A. Chase Aleksei Vjunov Pinghong Xu Dr. Eszter Baráth Dr. Donald M. Camaioni Dr. Chen Zhao Prof. Dr. Johannes A. Lercher 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2015,21(6):2423-2434
The role of the specific physicochemical properties of ZrO2 phases on Ni/ZrO2 has been explored with respect to the reduction of stearic acid. Conversion on pure m‐ZrO2 is 1.3 times more active than on t‐ZrO2, whereas Ni/m‐ZrO2 is three times more active than Ni/t‐ZrO2. Although the hydrodeoxygenation of stearic acid can be catalyzed solely by Ni, the synergistic interaction between Ni and the ZrO2 support causes the variations in the reaction rates. Adsorption of the carboxylic acid group on an oxygen vacancy of ZrO2 and the abstraction of the α‐hydrogen atom with the elimination of the oxygen atom to produce a ketene is the key to enhance the overall rate. The hydrogenated intermediate 1‐octadecanol is in turn decarbonylated to heptadecane with identical rates on all catalysts. Decarbonylation of 1‐octadecanol is concluded to be limited by the competitive adsorption of reactants and intermediate. The substantially higher adsorption of propionic acid demonstrated by IR spectroscopy and the higher reactivity to O2 exchange reactions with the more active catalyst indicate that the higher concentration of active oxygen defects on m‐ZrO2 compared to t‐ZrO2 causes the higher activity of Ni/m‐ZrO2. 相似文献
133.
Georgios Velkos Denis S. Krylov Kyle Kirkpatrick Lukas Spree Vasilii Dubrovin Bernd Büchner Stanislav M. Avdoshenko Valeriy Bezmelnitsyn Sean Davis Paul Faust James Duchamp Harry C. Dorn Alexey A. Popov 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2019,58(18):5891-5896
The azafullerene Tb2@C79N is found to be a single‐molecule magnet with a high 100‐s blocking temperature of magnetization of 24 K and large coercivity. Tb magnetic moments with an easy‐axis single‐ion magnetic anisotropy are strongly coupled by the unpaired spin of the single‐electron Tb?Tb bond. Relaxation of magnetization in Tb2@C79N below 15 K proceeds via quantum tunneling of magnetization with the characteristic time τQTM=16 462±1230 s. At higher temperature, relaxation follows the Orbach mechanism with a barrier of 757±4 K, corresponding to the excited states, in which one of the Tb spins is flipped. 相似文献
134.
For a permanently manned outpost on the moon – a moon village – a first holistic concept of a sustainable material flow has been established. From this context three dedicated topics have been investigated to more depth: Additive manufacturing (AM) of Al from disused space crafts, AM of structural elements with local resources, and resource extraction from regolith via thermal processes. 相似文献
135.
Lukas Katthän 《Journal of Pure and Applied Algebra》2019,223(3):1227-1245
Let be a squarefree monomial ideal in a polynomial ring. In this paper we study multiplications on the minimal free resolution of . In particular, we characterize the possible vectors of total Betti numbers for such ideals which admit a differential graded algebra (DGA) structure on . We also show that under these assumptions the maximal shifts of the graded Betti numbers are subadditive.On the other hand, we present an example of a strongly generic monomial ideal which does not admit a DGA structure on its minimal free resolution. In particular, this demonstrates that the Hull resolution and the Lyubeznik resolution do not admit DGA structures in general.Finally, we show that it is enough to modify the last map of to ensure that it admits the structure of a DG algebra. 相似文献
136.
Matthias Lischka Dr. Renhao Dong Mingchao Wang Dr. Natalia Martsinovich Massimo Fritton Lukas Grossmann Prof. Dr. Wolfgang M. Heckl Prof. Dr. Xinliang Feng Prof. Dr. Markus Lackinger 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2019,25(8):1975-1983
The interplay between the self-assembly and surface chemistry of 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexaaminotriphenylene (HATP) on Cu(111) was complementarily studied by high-resolution scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) under ultra-high vacuum conditions. To shed light on the competitive metal coordination, comparative experiments were carried out on pristine and nickel-covered Cu(111). Directly after room-temperature deposition of HATP onto pristine Cu(111), self-assembled aggregates were observed by STM, and XPS results indicated still protonated amino groups. Annealing up to 200 °C activated the progressive single deprotonation of all amino groups as indicated by chemical shifts of both the N 1s and C 1s core levels in the XP spectra. This enabled the formation of topologically diverse π–d conjugated coordination networks with intrinsic copper adatoms. The basic motif of these networks was a metal–organic trimer, in which three HATP molecules were coordinated by Cu3 clusters, as corroborated by the accompanying density functional theory (DFT) simulations. Additional deposition of more reactive nickel atoms resulted in both chemical and structural changes with deprotonation and formation of bis(diimino)–Ni bonded networks already at room temperature. Even though fused hexagonal metal-coordinated pores were observed, extended honeycomb networks remained elusive, as tentatively explained by the restricted reversibility of these metal–organic bonds. 相似文献
137.
Jacqueline Pollini Dr. Wolf M. Pankau Prof. Lukas J. Gooßen 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2019,25(31):7416-7425
Isomerizing olefin metathesis is currently undergoing a transformation from laboratory curiosity to powerful synthetic concept at the heart of orthogonal tandem catalysis. In this process, an isomerization catalyst continuously moves double bonds along carbon chains, while a metathesis catalyst scrambles the residues at the C−C double bonds. This cooperative action of two catalysts can be used to access single, defined products from a complex mixture of compounds. Alternatively, it enables the transformation of uniform starting materials into complex product blends with defined, tunable properties. This concept article highlights recent developments and potential applications of this fascinating reaction concept. 相似文献
138.
139.
Absolute Configuration of Pharmaceutical Research Compounds Determined by X‐ray Powder Diffraction 下载免费PDF全文
M. Sc. Carina Schlesinger M. Sc. Lukas Tapmeyer Dr. Silke D. Gumbert Dr. Dragica Prill Dr. Michael Bolte Prof. Dr. Martin U. Schmidt Dr. Christoph Saal 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2018,57(29):9150-9153
The absolute configuration of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) was determined by generating salts of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) with counterions of known chirality, and determining the crystal structures by X‐ray powder diffraction. This approach avoids the (often tedious) growth of single crystals, and is successful with very limited quantities of material (less than 1 mg). The feasibility of the method is demonstrated on five examples, and its limitations are discussed as well. 相似文献
140.