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81.
Three novel diterpene glycosides were isolated for the first time from the commercial extract of the leaves of Stevia rebaudiana, along with several known steviol glycosides, namely stevioside, rebaudiosides A-F, rubusoside and dulcoside A. The new compounds were identified as 13-[(2-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy] ent-kaur-15-en-19-oic acid, 13-[(2-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy]-16β-hydroxy-ent-kauran-19-oic acid and 13-methyl-16-oxo-17-nor-ent-kauran-19-oic acid-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester on the basis of extensive 2D NMR and MS spectroscopic data as well as chemical studies. 相似文献
82.
Wang J Lu H Kamat R Pingali SV Urban VS Cheng J Lin Y 《Journal of the American Chemical Society》2011,133(33):12906-12909
The helical and tubular structures self-assembled from proteins have inspired scientists to design synthetic building blocks that can be "polymerized" into supramolecular polymers through coordinated noncovalent interactions. However, cooperative supramolecular polymerization from large, synthetic macromolecules remains a challenge because of the difficulty of controlling the structure and interactions of macromolecular monomers. Herein we report the synthesis of polypeptide-grafted comb polymers and the use of their tunable secondary interactions in solution to achieve controlled supramolecular polymerization. The resulting tubular supramolecular structures, with external diameters of hundreds of nanometers and lengths of tens of micrometers, are stable and resemble to some extent biological superstructures assembled from proteins. This study shows that highly specific intermolecular interactions between macromolecular monomers can enable the cooperative growth of supramolecular polymers. The general applicability of this strategy was demonstrated by carrying out supramolecular polymerization from gold nanoparticles grafted with the same polypeptides on the surface. 相似文献
83.
Duan S Fang PP Fan FR Broadwell I Yang FZ Wu DY Ren B Amatore C Luo Y Xu X Tian ZQ 《Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP》2011,13(12):5441-5449
Recently, it was found that Pt clusters deposited on Pd shell over Au core nanoparticles (Au@Pd@Pt NPs) exhibit unusually high electrocatalytic activity for the electro-oxidation of formic acid (P. P. Fang, S. Duan, et al., Chem. Sci., 2011, 2, 531-539). In an attempt to offer an explanation, we used here carbon monoxide (CO) as probed molecules, and applied density functional theory (DFT) to simulate the surface Raman spectra of CO at this core-shell-cluster NPs with a two monolayer thickness of Pd shell and various Pt cluster coverage. Our DFT results show that the calculated Pt coverage dependent spectra fit the experimental ones well only if the Pt clusters adopt a mushroom-like structure, while currently the island-like structure is the widely accepted model, which follows the Volmer-Weber growth mode. This result infers that there should be a new growth mode, i.e., the mushroom growth mode as proposed in the present work, for Au@Pd@Pt NPs. We suggest that such a mushroom-like structure may offer novel active sites, which accounts for the observed high electrocatalytic activity of Au@Pd@Pt NPs. 相似文献
84.
本文报道了 GaAs 反射式光电阴极的激活工艺过程和结果.通过实验确定了 GaAs表面的热清洁温度,利用钼丝热辐射加热方法达到了比较理想的清洁效果,采用铯分子源和高纯氧作氧源获得了高于1000μA/1m 的激活积分灵敏度. 相似文献
85.
86.
Jun‐Feng Wu Dong‐Mei Li Li‐Feng Cui Chang‐Fu Zhuang Sai‐Nan Song Tie‐Gang Wang Ji‐Qing Xu Heng‐Qing Jia Ning‐Hai Hu 《应用有机金属化学》2007,21(12):1033-1040
Mo2O2S2(HGly)(Gly)2 1 and K6[Mo2O2S2(nta)2][Mo2O2S2(ntaH)2]·4H2O 2 were synthesized by the reactions of (NH4)2MoS4 and amino acids L (L = glycine, nitrilotriacetic acid) in ethanol–water medium at ambient temperature. The two complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, infrared spectra, UV–visible spectra, TG–DTA and XPS. X‐ray crystallographic structural analyses revealed that compound 1 is a binuclear Mo? S? glycinate complex, a glycinate ligand is coordinated to each molybdenum atom through its amine nitrogen and carboxylato oxygen, respectively, and the third glycinate acts as a bridge through its two carboxylato oxygens linking the two molybdenum atoms. Compound 2 is also a binuclear Mo? S complex with two nitrilotriacetate ligands, each of which is coordinated to a molybdenum atom via its two β‐carboxylato oxygens and a nitrogen atom. Simultaneously, each molybdenum atom in 1 and 2 is chelated to a terminal oxygen and two bridging sulfurs to complete the octahedral configuration. Their catalytic activities in the reduction from C2H2 to C2H4 as well as other binuclear Mo? S? polycarboxylate complexes, a [Fe4S4] single cubane and a chainlike Mo? Fe? S compound were investigated and it was found that 1 exhibited relatively good catalytic activity. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
87.
A generalized expression for the differntial tunnelling current density based on the problem of electron energy distribution
introduced during the process has been presented. This is directly applicable to junction devices for the evaluation of their
tunnelling I–V characteristics.
A list of symbols appear at the end of the paper. 相似文献
88.
89.
Following the approach of optical reference geometry we derive the expression for the total force in the radial direction acting on a charged particle in magnetic fields superimposed on the static Schwarzschild background and show the possible existence of bound orbits for particles in the field of ultra compact objects at distancesr?3m wherein the Lorentz force counterbalances both the gravitational and centrifugal forces. 相似文献
90.
dc ionic conductivity measurements were made on single crystals of Pb(NO3)2 doped with monovalent Na+ and K+ in the temperature range of 100–400°C. In the extrinsic region the conductivity was found to decrease with Na+ having a smaller ionic size, and to increase with K+ with larger ionic size compared to the host Pb ion. Conductivity is attributed to the mobility of anti-Frenkel defects as in the case of PbF2. Dielectric loss measurements were made on the Pb(NO3)2: K+ system in the frequency range of 300 Hz to 20 kHz at different temperatures. Impurity vacancy pairs of the type K+-(NO-3)V are found to be responsible for the observed dielectric loss peaks. The maximum peak frequency is found to increase with temperature. 相似文献