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281.
Wu CM Chen YH Dayananda K Shiue TW Hung CH Liaw WF Chen PY Wang YM 《Analytica chimica acta》2011,708(1-2):141-148
A colorless and non-fluorescent rhodamine derivative, rhodamine B hydrazide (RH), is applied to detect nitric oxide and form fluorescent rhodamine B (RB). The reaction mechanism of RH with NO is proposed in this study. The probe shows good stability over a broad pH range (pH>4). Furthermore, fluorescence intensity of RH displays an excellent linearity to the NO concentration and the detection limit is as low as 20 nM. A 1000-fold fluorescence turn-on from a dark background was observed. Moreover, the selectivity study indicated that the fluorescence intensity increasing in the presence of NO was significantly higher than those of other reactive oxygen/nitrogen species. In exogenously generated NO detection study, clear intracellular red fluorescence was observed in the presence of S-nitroso-N-acetyl-D,L-penicillamine (SNAP, a kind of NO releasing agent). In endogenously generated NO detection study, increasing incubation time of RH with lipopolysaccharied (LPS) pre-treated cells could obtain a highly fluorescent cell image. These cell imaging results demonstrated that RH can efficiently penetrate into Raw 264.7 cells and be used for detection of exogenously and endogenously generated nitric oxide. 相似文献
282.
Der-Jang Liaw Ching-Cheng Huang En-Tang Kang 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》1998,36(1):11-19
The synthesis, rheological, and fluorescence properties of a cationic water-soluble copolymer, naphthalene-labeled cationic poly(dimethyl sulfate quaternized acrylamide/N,N-dimethylaminopropylmaleimide copolymer), poly(DSQADMAPM)/NA, are reported. When fluorescent hydrophobes (naphthyl group) are incorporated into the cationic copolymer, the photophysical response may effectively probe solution behavior on the microscopic level. The salt and pH responsiveness inherent to the cationic copolymer systems is a function of ionic group type. Experimental results indicate that IE/IM increases steadily with increases in polymer concentration and IE/IM values for a given polymer concentration are higher in salt. At low pH values, IE/IM is high and excimer emission increases as the quaternary amino groups (R4N+) are screened out. Dynamic light scattering (QELS) measurements indicate that diffusion coefficients of the cationic copolymer increase and the hydrodynamic diameters decrease with increasing salt concentration. Viscosity studies reveal that the polymer coil shrinks as salt is added. In fluorescence quenching study, the reduction in the quenching efficiency of thallium (Tl+) with salt addition can arise from enhanced compartmentalization of naphthalene labels as added electrolyte enhances intrapolymer micellization. The intrapolymer micelle is easily formed, indicating that the thallium ion has difficulty in reacting with bound naphthalenes located in the shrunk polymer coil. The cationic copolymer is depicted as an expanded polymer coil in deionized water because of intra- and interchain repulsions. Consequently, salt addition breaks down the repulsions and enhances intrapolymer micellization. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 36 : 11–19, 1998 相似文献
283.
Der‐Jang Liaw Been‐Yang Liaw Jau‐Jing Chen 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2000,38(5):797-803
A new dicarboxylic acid monomer, 1,1‐bis[4‐(4‐carboxyphenoxy)phenyl]‐4‐tert‐butylcyclohexane, bearing a pendent tert‐butylcyclohexylidene group was prepared in three steps from 4‐tert‐butylcyclohexanone. The monomer was reacted with various diamines to produce a series of new polyamides with triphenyl phosphite and pyridine as condensing agents. These polyamides were produced with inherent viscosities of 0.74 to 1.02 dL g−1. All the polymers were characterized by X‐ray diffraction that revealed this amorphous nature. These polymers exhibited excellent solubility in a variety of solvents. Almost all the polymers could be dissolved in N‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidinone, N,N‐dimethylacetamide (DMAc), N,N‐dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, pyridine, and even in tetrahydrofuran and cyclohexanone. These polymers showed glass‐transition temperatures between 223 and 256 °C and decomposition temperatures at 10% weight loss ranging from 468 to 491 °C and 469 to 498 °C in nitrogen and air atmospheres, respectively. Transparent, tough, and flexible films of these polymers were cast from the DMAc solutions. These polymer films had tensile strengths ranging from 76 to 99 MPa, elongations at break from 7 to 19%, and initial moduli from 2.1 to 2.7 GPa. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 38: 797–803, 2000 相似文献
284.
Der‐Jang Liaw Been‐Yang Liaw Jun‐Jang Hsu Ying‐Chi Cheng 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2000,38(24):4451-4456
A series of new polyesters was prepared from terephthaloyl (or isophthaloyl) chloride acid with various cardo bisphenols on solution polycondensation in nitrobenzene using pyridine as hydrogen chloride quencher at 150 °C. These polyesters were produced with inherent viscosities of 0.32–0.49 dL · g−1. Most of these polyesters exhibited excellent solubility in a variety of solvents such as N,N‐dimethylformamide, tetrahydrofuran, tetrachloroethane, dimethyl sulfoxide, N,N‐dimethylacetamide, N‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidinone, m‐cresol, and o‐chlorophenol. The polyesters containing cardo groups including diphenylmethylene, tricyclo[5.2.1.02,6]decyl, tert‐butylcyclohexyl, phenylcyclohexyl, and cyclododecyl groups exhibited better solubility than bisphenol A–based polyesters. These polymers showed glass transition temperatures (Tg's) between 185 °C and 243 °C and decomposition temperatures at 10% weight loss ranging from 406 °C to 472 °C in nitrogen. These cardo polyesters exhibited higher Tg's and better solubility than bisphenol A‐based polyesters. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 38: 4451–4456, 2000 相似文献
285.
Der-Jang Liaw 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》1997,35(12):2365-2369
In this study, we synthesized polyphosphates with reactive pendant chloromethyl groups by an addition reaction of the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-S (bisphenol-S epoxy, BPSE) with aryl phosphorodichloridates. The polyphosphates obtained were characterized by IR, 1H NMR spectra, elemental analysis, TGA, DSC, X-ray diffraction, and molar mass measurement. The polyaddition proceeded very smoothly in aromatic solvents catalyzed by quaternary ammonium or phosphonium salts such as tetrabutylammonium bromide and tetrabutylphosphonium bromide to produce a polymer having a high molecular weight. Polymer B, containing a bromine atom in the phenyl ring side chain, has the higher Tg value (Tg = 58°C) than the polyphosphate derived from phenoxy dichlorophosphate (PDCP). Polymer A derived from PDCP begins to lose 10% of its mass at 278°C, and the mass percentage remaining at 700°C is 44% under nitrogen. X-ray diffraction patterns revealed that all the subsequent polyphosphates are amorphous. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 35 : 2365–2369, 1997 相似文献
286.
Der-Jang Liaw Jang-Shiang Tsai 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》1997,35(3):475-483
The polymerization of 1-methoxy-1-ethynylcyclohexane (MEC) was carried out by various transition metal catalysts. The catalysts MoCl5, MoCl4, and WCl6 gave a relatively low yield of polymer (≤ 16%). The catalytic activity of Mo-based chloride catalyst was greater than that of W-based chloride catalyst. However, catalyst tungsten carbene complex (I) gave a larger molar mass and higher yield in the presence of a Lewis acid such as AlCl3 than in the absence of a Lewis acid. The activity of the tungsten carbene complex was obviously affected by Lewis acidity. The catalyst PdCl2 was a very effective catalyst for the present polymerization and gave polymers in a high yield. The structure of the resulting poly(MEC) was identified by various instrumental methods as a conjugated polyene structure having an α-methoxycyclohexyl substituent. The poly(MEC)s were mostly light-brown powders and completely soluble in various organic solvents such as tetrahydrofuran (THF), chloroform (CHCl3), ethylacetate, n-butylacetate, dimethylformamide, benzene, xylene, dimethylacetamide, 1,4-dioxane, pyridine, and 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the polymer started to lose mass at 125°C and that maximum decomposition occurred at 418°C. The x-ray diffraction diagram shows that poly(MEC) has an amorphous structure. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
287.
1, 4-Bis(4-aminophenoxy)-2-tert-butylbenzene was synthesized and used as a monomer to prepare a series of polyamides by the direct polycondensation with various aromatic dicarboxylic acids in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone using triphenyl phosphite and pyridine as condensing agents. All the polymers were obtained in quantitative yields with inherent viscosities of 0.75–1.75 dL g−1. All the polyamides showed amorphous nature and most of them were soluble in polar solvents. Polyamides derived from 4, 4'-sulfonyldibenzoic acid and 4, 4'-hexafluoroisopropylidenedibenzoic acid were even soluble in common organic solvent such as THF. All polyamide films could be obtained by casting from their DMAc or NMP solutions. The polyamide films had a tensile strength range of 35–84 MPa, an elongation range at break of 3–7%, and a tensile modulus range of 1.2–2.5 GPa. These polyamides had glass transition temperatures between 203–268°C and 10% mass loss temperatures were recorded in the range of 456–472°C in nitrogen and 453–470°C in air atmosphere. 相似文献
288.
A new kink diamine with trifluoromethyl group on either side, bis[4-(2-trifluoromethyl-4-aminophenoxy)phenyl]diphenylmethane (BTFAPDM) , was reacted with various aromatic dianhydrides to prepare polyimides via poly (amic acid) precursors followed by thermal or chemical imidization. Polyimides were prepared using 3,3′, 4,4′-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride(1), 4,4′-oxydiphthalic anhydride(2), 3,3′,4,4′-benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride (3), 4,4′-sulfonyldiphthalic anhydride(4), and 4,4′-hexafluoroisopropylidene-diphathalic anhydride(5). The fluoro-polyimides exhibited low dielectric constants between 2.46 and 2.98, light color, and excellent high solubility. They exhibited glass transition temperatures between 227 and 253°C, and possessed a coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of 60-88 ppm/°C. Polymers PI-2, PI-3, PI-4, PI-5 showed excellent solubility in the organic solvents: N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP), N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc), N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), pyridkie and tetrahydrofuran (THF). Inherent viscosity of the polyimides were found to range between 0.58 and 0.72 dLg-1. Thermogravimetric analysis of the polyimides revealed a high thermal stability decomposition temperature in excess of 500°C in nitrogen. Temperature at 10 % weight loss was found to be in the range 506-563°C and 498-557°C in nitrogen and air, respectively. The polyimide films had a tensile strength in the range 75-87 MPa; tensile modulus, 1.5-2.2 GPa; and elongation at break, 6-7%. 相似文献