全文获取类型
收费全文 | 861篇 |
免费 | 24篇 |
国内免费 | 16篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 659篇 |
晶体学 | 10篇 |
力学 | 24篇 |
综合类 | 1篇 |
数学 | 72篇 |
物理学 | 135篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 7篇 |
2021年 | 9篇 |
2020年 | 9篇 |
2019年 | 12篇 |
2018年 | 12篇 |
2017年 | 9篇 |
2016年 | 16篇 |
2015年 | 17篇 |
2014年 | 23篇 |
2013年 | 63篇 |
2012年 | 47篇 |
2011年 | 62篇 |
2010年 | 38篇 |
2009年 | 60篇 |
2008年 | 46篇 |
2007年 | 47篇 |
2006年 | 43篇 |
2005年 | 40篇 |
2004年 | 39篇 |
2003年 | 32篇 |
2002年 | 18篇 |
2001年 | 15篇 |
2000年 | 19篇 |
1999年 | 6篇 |
1998年 | 6篇 |
1997年 | 7篇 |
1996年 | 15篇 |
1995年 | 11篇 |
1994年 | 10篇 |
1993年 | 7篇 |
1992年 | 9篇 |
1991年 | 10篇 |
1990年 | 6篇 |
1989年 | 8篇 |
1988年 | 10篇 |
1987年 | 4篇 |
1986年 | 8篇 |
1985年 | 13篇 |
1984年 | 7篇 |
1983年 | 6篇 |
1982年 | 5篇 |
1981年 | 5篇 |
1980年 | 4篇 |
1979年 | 4篇 |
1978年 | 4篇 |
1977年 | 8篇 |
1975年 | 7篇 |
1974年 | 8篇 |
1970年 | 5篇 |
1961年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有901条查询结果,搜索用时 200 毫秒
61.
Guoce Yu Shinichi Yano Hiroyuki Inoue Seiichi Inoue Jianlong Wang Takashi Endo 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》2014,174(6):2278-2294
Pretreatment-induced structural alteration is critical in influencing the rate and extent of enzymatic saccharification of lignocellulosic biomass. The present work has investigated structural features of rice straw pretreated by hot-compressed water (HCW) from 140 to 240 °C for 10 or 30 min and enzymatic hydrolysis profiles of pretreated rice straw. Compositional profiles of pretreated rice straw were examined to offer the basis for structural changes. The wide-angle X-ray diffraction analysis revealed possible modification in crystalline microstructure of cellulose and the severity-dependent variation of crystallinity. The specific surface area (SSA) of pretreated samples was able to achieve more than 10-fold of that of the raw material and was in linear relationship with the removal of acetyl groups and xylan. The glucose yield by enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated materials correlated linearly with the SSA increase and the dissolution of acetyl and xylan. A quantitatively intrinsic relationship was suggested to exist between enzymatic hydrolysis and the extraction of hemicellulose components in hydrothermally treated rice straw, and SSA was considered one important structural parameter signaling the efficiency of enzymatic digestibility in HCW-treated materials in which hemicellulose removal and lignin redistribution happened. 相似文献
62.
Seawater bittern (nigari) is a concentrated solution remaining after the crystallization process of salt that has been used as a coagulant for tofu. Recently, various nigari products are distributed in the East Asia. To clarify the properties of nigari products, major mineral composition of six nigari products was determined. Then, effects of the nigari on the browning and antioxidant activity during the glucose/lysine Maillard reaction were investigated. Though the predominant cation was Mg2+, the content was varied by each product (0.88–6.49 mol/L). The other major ion contents were also varied. Each 0.5 mol/L of d-glucose and l-lysine were incubated with the nigari (5–50 % (v/v)) or nigari-related salts (1 or 2 mol/L). The browning (OD at 465 nm) and antioxidant activity (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging capacity and ferrous-reducing power) were increased remarkably by the nigari containing high Mg2+ content. The browning tended to be high with sulfates (Na2SO4, (NH4)2SO4). On the other hand, high content of MgCl2 decreased slightly the browning and antioxidant activity. These results suggest that the reaction and antioxidant activities were affected not only by salinity and cations but also by anions and other elements in the nigari. 相似文献
63.
Keiichi Moriya Shigekazu Nakagawa Shinichi Yano Meisetsu Kajiwara 《Liquid crystals》1995,18(6):919-921
(S)-Hexakis(4-(4'-(6-methyl)octyloxy)biphenoxy)cyclotriphosphazene (SMOCP) was synthesized in a search for new ferroelectric liquid crystalline compounds. We found an enantiotropic ferroelectric smectic C* phase between 419 and 441 K in SMOCP by using polarizing microscopy and DSC measurements. The spontaneous polarization was estimated to be -130.5 μCm-2 at 437.6 K, several times larger than that of DOBAMBC ((S)-2-methylbutyl 4-(4'-decyloxybenzylidene)aminocinnamate. 相似文献
64.
Hiroshi Onoue Masayuki Narisada Shoichiro Uyeo Hiromu Matsumura Kyo Okada Toshisada Yano Wataru Nagata 《Tetrahedron letters》1979,20(40):3867-3870
Allylazetidinones , , prepared by coupling of allylcoppers with chloroazetidinones , , were converted into carbapenem esters , – using an Emmons-Horner reaction to introduce the 6-side chain and an intramolecular Wittig reaction to form the carbapenem ring system. 相似文献
65.
66.
An optically active, axially chiral NAD model compound(1) with a quinoline ring system was reduced by the chiral NADH model compound (4), affording a mixture of 1,2- and 1,4-dihydroquinolines. The carbonyl orientation governs the molecular arrangement in the transition state of the reaction and determines the regio- and enantioselectivity of the product. 相似文献
67.
Yusuke Arai Tetsuji Yano Shuichi Shibata 《Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology》2004,32(1-3):189-194
Microspheres of refractive index of nD > 2.0 have been investigated. The organic-inorganic hybrid microspheres of nD = 1.72 were prepared by the vibrating orifice technique using titanium-tetra-n-butoxide (TTBu) and diphenyldimethoxysilane (DPhDMS). For lasing demonstration, Eu3+-doped microspheres were prepared using europium (III) thenoyltrifluoroacetonate [Eu(TTFA)3] as the dopant. The particles have good spherical shape, smooth surface and high optical transparency. The diameters of the particles could be controlled to within 0.1 m. Subsequent heating of the microspheres at 550°C under oxygen atmosphere resulted in an increase in the refractive index up to nD = 2.6 with retention of the spherical shape. Resonant emission was confirmed from Eu3 +-doped microspheres after heating at 400–550°C, by pumping with the 514.5 nm line of a CW- Ar+laser. 相似文献
68.
Kenji Wada Kousuke Yano Teruyuki Kondo Take-aki Mitsudo 《Catalysis Surveys from Japan》2001,4(2):175-176
Authors Index
Author Index 相似文献69.
70.
Quantification of cerebral blood flow by bolus tracking and artery spin tagging methods 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Lia TQ Guang Chen Z Ostergaard L Hindmarsh T Moseley ME 《Magnetic resonance imaging》2000,18(5):503-512
This study deals with perfusion quantification in healthy volunteers using two types of dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) methods. Absolute cerebral blood flow (CBF) measurements were performed in 11 subjects by applying both bolus tracking of exogenous contrast agent and non-invasive arterial spin labeling MRI techniques. Both methods produced CBF images with good tissue contrast and CBF values are in good agreement with literature data. The correlation between cerebral blood volume (CBV) and CBF is also discussed. 相似文献