关于陀螺信号处理中小波基选取的研究

在建立陀螺漂移的数学模型的基础上，使用不同的小波基对陀螺输出信号进行多尺度小波分解，去除由噪声产生的小波系数，从而达到消除噪声的目的。从不同小波基的滤波效果来看，双正交样条小波Biorl.5具有较好的去噪效果，从而也验证了小波对称性在陀螺信号去噪中的重要性。     

Cavity nucleation, growth and stress field in elastic-plastic medium

A finite element method is used to study the cavity nucleation and growth in an elastic-plastic medium. The critical cohesion strength, _c at IPM (interface between second phase particle and matrix) is employed as the criterion of cavity formation. Three different values of _c are taken to examine their influence on the overall mechanical behaviour and process of cavity formation.     

泄爆过程中二次爆炸的动力学机理研究

在容积为0.00814m3的柱形泄爆容器中，对泄爆现象进行实验研究. 容器内充满当量比为1的甲烷-空气预混气，采用底端中心点火，泄爆压力为230±15kPa. 基于k-ε湍流模型和EBU燃烧模型，利用同位网格的SIMPLE算法，对该现象进行了数值模拟. 实验和计算获得的外轴线上4个测压点的压力曲线和外流场的阴影和数值照片，形象地描述了高压泄爆时外部流场的变化. 数值结果与实验结果基本一致. 根据实验和数值结果，详细地讨论了泄爆过程中二次爆炸产生的动力学机理. 泄爆的初始阶段，在破膜激波的引导下，泄出的未燃气体因欠膨胀在外流场形成稀疏波低压区和悬激波高压区. 高压区可燃气体密度和温度上升，成为高密度的预热区域. 随后，火焰以射流形式从泄爆口泄出，点燃可燃气云. 受湍流等因素的影响，特别在高密度的预热区域，燃烧速率可能迅速增大，从而导致二次爆炸.     

Turbulence,vortex and external explosion induced by venting

The process of explosion venting to air in a cylindrical vent vessel connected to a duct, filling with a stoichiometric methane-oxygen gas mixture, was simulated numerically by using a colocated grid SIMPLE scheme based on k-epsilon turbulent model and Eddydissipation combustion model. The characteristics of the combustible cloud, flame and pressure distribution in the external flow field during venting were analyzed in terms of the predicted results. The results show that the external explosion is generated due to violent turbulent combustion in the high pressure region within the external combustible cloud ignited by a jet flame. And the turbulence and vortex in the external flow field were also discussed in detail. After the jet flame penetrating into the external combustible cloud, the turbulent intensity is greater in the regions with greater average kinetic energy gradient, rather than in the flame front ; and the vortex in the external flow field is generated primarily due to the baroclinic effect, which is greater in the regions where the pressure and density gradients are nearly perpendicular.     

水中爆炸冲击波作用下混凝土墩动态响应初步分析

用水下爆炸冲击分析（ＵＳＡ）方法,在假设条件下,数值模拟了混凝土结构物水中爆炸冲击波作用下的加速度及压力响应,是对浅层水中爆炸流－固耦合动力学问题数值解的初步尝试。     

氮离子注入GCr15轴承钢改性的时效机理及摩擦学性能探讨

对１２年前经离子注入处理后的ＧＣｒ１５轴承钢表面耐磨性能的时间效应进行了探讨。发现离子注入材料的改性效果存在时间效应性。利用ＡＥＳ和Ｘ射线衍射分析发现，掺杂原子及材料表面吸附的氧原子的多元迁移和硬质相的生成是造成离子注入材料改性时效的原因。     

Diaminodiacid Bridges to Improve Folding and Tune the Bioactivity of Disulfide‐Rich Peptides

Disulfide‐rich peptides containing three or more disulfide bonds are promising therapeutic and diagnostic agents, but their preparation is often limited by the tedious and low‐yielding folding process. We found that a single cystine‐to‐diaminodiacid replacement could significantly increase the folding efficiency of disulfide‐rich peptides and thus improve their production yields. The practicality of this strategy was demonstrated by the synthesis and folding of derivatives of the μ‐conotoxin SIIIA, the preclinical hormone hepcidin, and the trypsin inhibitor EETI‐II. NMR and X‐ray crystallography studies confirmed that these derivatives of disulfide‐rich peptide retained the correct three‐dimensional conformations. Moreover, the cystine‐to‐diaminodiacid replacement enabled structural tuning, thereby leading to an EETI‐II derivative with higher bioactivity than the native peptide.     

Crystalline Hetero‐Stereocomplexed Polycarbonates Produced from Amorphous Opposite Enantiomers Having Different Chemical Structures

Stereocomplexation is the stereoselective interaction between two opposite enantiomeric polymers through an interlocked orderly assembly. Most studies focus on the stereocomplex formation from the crystalline opposite enantiomers having the identical structure; nevertheless, rare examples were reported regarding the crystalline stereocomplexes from enantiomeric polymers having different chemical structures. Herein we show a strategy for polymer orderly assembly through the formation of crystalline hetero‐stereocomplexed polymeric materials by the cocrystallization of amorphous isotactic polycarbonates with different chemical structures and opposite configurations. The behaviors in the crystalline state are significantly different from that of the component enantiomeric polymers or their homo‐stereocomplexes. This study is expected to open up a new way to prepare various semicrystalline materials having a wide variety of physical properties and degradability.     

A Chemically Triggered and Thermally Switched Dielectric Constant Transition in a Metal Cyanide Based Crystal

A dielectric constant transition is chemically triggered and thermally switched in (HPy)₂[Na(H₂O)Co(CN)₆] ( 2 , HPy=pyridinium cation) by single‐crystal‐to‐single‐crystal transformation and structural phase transition, respectively. Upon dehydration, (HPy)₂[Na(H₂O)₂Co(CN)₆] ( 1 ) transforms to its semi‐hydrated form 2 , accompanying a transition from a low‐dielectric state to a high‐dielectric state, and vice versa. This dielectric switch is also realized by a structural phase transition in 2 that occurs between room‐ and low‐temperature phases, and which corresponds to high‐ and low‐dielectric states, respectively. The switching property is due to the variation in the environment surrounding the HPy cation, that is, the hydrogen‐bonding interactions and the crystal packing, which exert predominant influences on the dynamics of the cations that transit between the static and motional states.     

Direct Detection of the Superoxide Anion as a Stable Intermediate in the Electroreduction of Oxygen in a Non‐Aqueous Electrolyte Containing Phenol as a Proton Source

The non‐aqueous Li–air (O₂) battery has attracted intensive interest because it can potentially store far more energy than today′s batteries. Presently Li–O₂ batteries suffer from parasitic reactions owing to impurities, found in almost all non‐aqueous electrolytes. Impurities include residual protons and protic compounds that can react with oxygen species, such as the superoxide (O₂^?), a reactive, one‐electron reduction product of oxygen. To avoid the parasitic reactions, it is crucial to have a fundamental understanding of the conditions under which reactive oxygen species are generated in non‐aqueous electrolytes. Herein we report an in situ spectroscopic study of oxygen reduction on gold in a dimethyl sulfoxide electrolyte containing phenol as a proton source. It is shown directly that O₂^?, not HO₂, is the first stable intermediate during the oxygen reduction process to hydrogen peroxide. The unusual stability of O₂^? is explained using density functional theory (DFT) calculations.