Multivariate analysis of the polyphenol composition of Tempranillo and Graciano red wines

Vitis vinifera L. cv Graciano is often used as a blending partner of Tempranillo based wines because it is considered to contribute significantly to the quality. The aim of this study is to discriminate between Tempranillo and Graciano monovarietal wines, and those made by the incorporation of 20% of Graciano variety in two different stages (at the end of malolactic fermentation and mixing the two grape varieties in the pre-fermentative maceration stage) of the winemaking process of the Tempranillo variety. To achieve this, supervised and unsupervised pattern recognition tools were applied to the data obtained in the study of the detailed polyphenolic composition, colour and other oenological parameters (143 variables). Patterns related to stages in the winemaking and ageing process, different wines and vintages can be observed using principal component analyses. Furthermore, linear discriminant analysis has been applied in order to characterise the wine samples. From the 143 variables, flavan-3-ols have exerted a profound influence on wine differentiation.     

费-托合成Fe1-xO基熔铁催化剂的研究

 采用高温熔融法制备了用于费-托合成的Fe1-xO基熔铁催化剂,考察了其在n(H2)/n(CO)=2,温度573 K,压力1.4 MPa和空速为12?600 h-1下的催化性能. 结果表明,与Fe3O4基熔铁催化剂相比,Fe1-xO基熔铁催化剂具有较高的催化F-T合成反应的活性、较低的WGS反应选择性和较强的加氢能力. XRD结果表明,经F-T反应后的熔铁催化剂存在Fe5C2和Fe3O4两种物相,但Fe1-xO基熔铁催化剂中Fe5C2的晶粒尺寸小于Fe3O4基熔铁催化剂中Fe5C2的晶粒尺寸.     

Reductive Cross-Coupling of a Vinyl Thianthrenium Salt and Secondary Alkyl Iodides

We report the first reductive vinylation of alkyl iodides. The reaction uses a vinyl thianthrenium salt, a palladium catalyst, and an alkyl zinc intermediate formed in situ to trap the L_nPd^II(vinyl) complex formed after oxidative addition before it undergoes undesired homocoupling to form butadiene.