Electrical conductivity of cytochrome c anhydrous film

Electrical conducitivities of both ferricytochrome c and ferrocytochrome c anhydrous films were measured at physiological temperatures. A film-casting method was applied to prepare the films. Rather low values of resistivities (55°C) of 6.5 × 10¹⁰ Ω cm for ferrocytochrome c in comparison with the previously reported value of 10¹¹ Ω cm (127°C) were obtained. Apparent activation energies for the above conductivities, 0.6 eV, were the same in both samples.     

Electroproduction of π from C leading to low-lying residual states in B

Energy distributions of π⁺ produced from ¹²C by electrons of total energy 195 MeV were measured at various angles. The results show large contributions from transitions leaving the residual nucleus in the ground (1⁺), first (2⁺) excited state and states at around 4.5 MeV. The angular distributions of ¹²C(γ, π⁺)¹²B leading to these residual states are deduced from the energy distributions by the unfolding method with the virtual photon theory. Theoretical results with the Helm model and the shell model are compared with the experimental results. Their relative shapes are in good agreement. A better agreement in the absolute value is found for the theoretical results which include the final-state interaction estimated with a pion optical potential. The surface production model shows better agreement with the experimental (γ, π⁺) cross sections than the volume production model.     

121Sb Mössbauer spectroscopic study on electronic states of pentavalent organoantimony compounds

A systematic study of pentavalent organoantimony compounds, (RC₆H₄)₃SbX₂ (R=H,p-CH₃,p-F,p-Cl,p-CF₃,o-CH₃; X=Cl, Br), was carried out to examine the effect on Mössbauer parameters of the substituent on the aromatic ring. The Mössbauer parameters obtained in polycrystalline form reflected the steric effect caused by the position of the substituent on the aromatic ring. On the other hand, measurements in frozen organic solutions revealed that the electron density and electric field gradient at and around the antimony nucleus became smaller when the more electron-attractive group was introduced into thepara position.     

Photodissociation of molecular beams of halogenated hydrocarbons at 193 nm

Molecular beams of halogenated hydrocarbons containing chlorine and bromine atoms were photodissociated using an excimer laser at 193 nm. Molecules photodissociated were HCCBr, HCCCH₂Br, HCCCH₂Cl, CH₃Cl, C₂H₅Cl and i-C₃H₇Cl. The time-of-flight distributions of the photofragments were measured in order to study the primary processes and the dissociation dynamics. Generalizations consistent with the data are that atomic products (RX → R + X) result from direct dissociation of the CX repulsive singlet state, molecular elimination (RX → R′ + HX) is a result of a crossover to the ground state and triplet states are involved in the photodissociation of alkyne compounds.     

Environmental effects of geothermal waste water on the near-by river system

Environmental effects of geothermal waste water discharged into the neighbouring streams were investigated by ordinary chemical analyses and by the neutron activation method. Results show that serious effects of a large amount of discharge in the past are still retained in the sediments of the near-by water system. It was also found that As and Cs are the best chemical species for tracing the long-standing effects of past discharge.     

The determination of tellurium by nondispersive atomic fluorescence spectrometry using the hydride generation technique

Atomic fluorescence spectrometry with a nondispersive measuring system is combined with a hydride generation technique for the determination of tellurium. Atomic fluorescence measurement is based on the reduction of tellurium by either metallic zinc or sodium borohydride, introduction of the generated tellurium hydride into a premixed argon (entrained air)-hydrogen flame, and excitation with a tellurium electrodeless discharge lamp. The comparison of the zinc and the sodium borohydride reduction methods is discussed in terms of detection limit, precision and interference. The best attainable detection limits for tellurium are 2ng (0.1 $\text{ng}\text{ml}$) and 30 ng (1.5 $\text{ng}\text{ml}$) with the zinc and the sodium borohydride methods respectively. Analytical working curves obtained from peak-height and peak-area measurements are linear over a range of approximately 4 orders of magnitude. Of the mineral acids examined in the range up to 2.0 m. nitric acid gives a depressing interference in the range greater than 0.5 m in the zinc method, whereas all of the acids greater than 1.0 m give a slight enhancement of the signal in the sodium borohydride method. The presence of several elements including other hydride-forming elements in 1000-fold ratio to tellurium causes a depressing interference, while enhancing interferences from tungsten and vanadium are observed in the zinc and the sodium borohydride methods, respectively. The present system coupled with the zinc method has been applied to the determination of tellurium in several samples of high-purity copper metal after separation of the analyte from copper by passing an ammoniacal solution of the sample through Chelex-100 resin. The results are in good agreement with those obtained by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry.     

Contact density and number of 5s electrons inβ-Sn

Lifetimes and feeding times of high spin states in ¹⁵⁶ Er have been measured employing the recoil distance method in the reaction ¹²³ Sb(³⁷ Cl,4n) at bombarding energies of 158 and 166 MeV. The yrast states up to spin 20 ? were found to be collective. These levels are fed, however, from long-lived high spin states, causing time delays up to ～ 100 ps, the existence of which is interpreted as a signature for an oblate shape at high spin.     

Enhanced photoluminescence from very thin double-wall carbon nanotubes synthesized by the zeolite-CCVD method

Photoluminescence (PL) from purified (>90%) double-wall carbon nanotubes (DWNTs), which have been synthesized by zeolite catalyst-supported chemical vapor deposition (zeolite-CCVD), of very small diameters (0.8-nm average inner tube) is reported. The PL contour mappings for various ratios (1-90%) of double- versus single-wall carbon nanotubes by thermal oxidation have enabled us to unambiguously identify the chirality of inner tubes for the DWNTs synthesized. After the extensive high-temperature oxidation at 700 degrees C, high-purity (>90%) DWNTs of approximately 0.8 nm inner diameter are obtained, and most of these correspond to the DWNTs having inner tubes with chiralities of (7,5), (7,6), and (9,4).     

Jelly-filled optical cable

Abstract

Jelly-filled optical fiber cables have been investigated. The waterproof characteristics and transmission and mechanical properties of the fabricated jelly-filled cables, including temperature and aging characteristics, were sufficient to apply them for practical use.