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101.
Kimihiro Yamashita 《Phosphorus, sulfur, and silicon and the related elements》2013,188(6-7):1889-1892
Electrically polarized hydroxyapatite ceramics have chemical, physical, and biological effects upon their surrounding constituents in vivo as well as in vitro as electrets, independent solids irradiating electrostatic force. Using the polarized hydroxyapatite, we have observed that crystal growth from a simulated body fluid can be accelerated or decelerated, and microorganisms can be manipulated on the surfaces of hydroxyapatite, depending upon the electric signs. 相似文献
102.
Mitsuji Yamashita Lakonda Nagaprasada Rao Valluru Krishna Reddy Motoki Maeda Tatsuo Oshikawa Masaki Takahashi 《Phosphorus, sulfur, and silicon and the related elements》2013,188(6-7):1661-1665
Novel pentofuranose analogs of phospha sugar derivatives were synthesized starting from 1-phenyl-2-phospholene 1-oxide ( 1 ). First, the allylic oxidation of 1-phenyl-2-phospholene 1-oxide ( 1 ) with CrO 3 in Ac 2 O-AcOH or 3-hydroxy-1-phenyl-2-phospholene ( 2 ) with MnO 2 afforded 1-phenyl-4-oxo-2-phospholene 1-oxide ( 3 ). The C-5 alkylation of 3 in the presence of NaH by using benzyl bromide or methyl iodide as electrophiles afforded the target title compounds. 相似文献
103.
Polymerization of acrolein(AL) in the presence of imidazole(Im) has been investigated in tetrahydrofuran or methanol below room temperature. The polymers obtained, white or pale yellow powders, were found to be composed of vinyl polymer with one Im group attached and having an aldehyde side chain, of which 70–80 mole % of the aldehyde revealed bridge structure. The number-average molecular weight (M n) of these polymers was determined to be in the range of 317 to 691. The rate of polmerization Rp was expressed by the equation, R + k[Im] [AL]2. The addition of water or dimethyl sulfoxide accelerated the polymerization reaction, while the presence of benzaldehyde or N,N'-dimethylformamide decreased Rp. The structure of addition products in the initial polymerization step was confirmed by IR and NMR spectra, and the observations of polymerization system was carried out by UV and NMR spectra. The polymerization mechanisms were discussed on the basis of these results. 相似文献
104.
The kinetics of the cationic polymerization of 1-β-cyanoethyl aziridine initiated 3-hydroxy- 1-propane sulfonic acid sultone and methyl tosylate have been studied. The course of polymerization involved the propagation stage and termination reaction due to the reaction between the growing chain and imino groups in the polymer chain. The propagation constants and termination constants were obtained. The enthalpies of activation for the propagation and termination reactions are ΔHp? = 12.9 kcal/mol and ΔHt? = 12.4 kcal/mol, and the entropies of activation are ΔSp? = -31 cal/deg·mol and ΔSt? = -39 cal/deg·mol. Otherwise, the polymerization initiated with methyl tosylate involved an early stage which was initiated very quickly. 相似文献
105.
Eiichi Ozu Natsuki Yamashita Toshihisa Maeshima Ion C. Baianu Lun-Shin Wei 《高分子科学杂志,A辑:纯化学与应用化学》2013,50(12):1637-1653
N-(Butyl-3-one)imidazole acts as an initiating adduct which is formed in the anionic polymerization of methyl vinyl ketone (MVK) induced by imidazole (Im) and is directly formed from Im and the MVK monomer. The kinetics of the anionic homopolymerization of MVK and acrylamide (AAm) under argon in the presence of the adduct were investigated in tetrahydrofuran (THF). The rate of polymerization for the MVK system is expressed as Rp = k[Adduct] [MVK], where k = 3.1 × 10?6 L/(mol·s)in THF at 30°C. The overall activation energy, Ea , was found to be 5.34 kcal/mol. The Rp for the AAm system is expressed as Rp = k[Adduct] [AAm], where k = 6.8 × 10?6 L/(mol·s) in THF at 30°C, with Ea 7.78 kcal/mol. The mechanism of the polymerization induced by the initiator adduct is discussed on the basis of these results. 相似文献
106.
Natsuki Yamashita Atsuhito Tadokoro Eiichiozu Toshihisa Maeshima Ion C. Baianu Lun-Shin Wei 《高分子科学杂志,A辑:纯化学与应用化学》2013,50(10):1223-1239
The anionic polymerization of acrolein (AL) with N, N-dimethylamino-propylacrylamide (DMAPA) in the presence of water was investigated in tetrahydrofuran, benzene, and ethanol at 0°C in a nitrogen atmosphere. The resulting polymers were found to be essentially vinyl polymers with one DMAPA attached and an aldehyde side chain. From observations of the polymerization process by 1H NMR, we find that polymerization was initiated by the hydroxyl anion formed in the thermodynamic equilibrium between the amine of DMAPA and water. The hydrogen transfer reaction of DMAPA was caused by the propagating poly-AL anion. On the other hand, the monomer reactivity ratios and the Q2-e2values of DMAPA were determined by the free-radical copolymerization of styrene (St, M1) with DMAPA and AIBN as initiator. 相似文献
107.
Katsuya Maeyama Kenji Yamashita Shugo Maeda Noriyuki Yonezawa Shunichi Aikawa Yasuhiko Yoshida 《合成通讯》2013,43(23):4158-4170
Optically active aromatic ether ketone macrocycles containing 2,2′-dimethoxy-1,1′-binaphthyl-6,6′-diyl moieties were synthesized through electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction and stepwise nucleophilic aromatic substitution reactions. Structures of the resulting macrocycles were confirmed by NMR and matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass measurements. 相似文献
108.
Makoto Kunisada Taro Masaki Ryusuke Ono Hironobu Morinaga Eiji Nakano Flandiana Yogianti Kunihiro Okunishi Hiroshi Sugiyama Chikako Nishigori 《Photochemistry and photobiology》2013,89(3):649-654
The UVA is currently thought to be carcinogenic because, similar to UVB, it induces the formation of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs). Various drugs have been reported to cause photosensitive drug eruptions as an adverse effect. Although the precise mechanism of photosensitive drug eruption remains to be elucidated, it is generally accepted that free radicals and other reactive molecules generated via UV‐irradiated drugs play important roles in the pathogenesis of photosensitive drug eruptions. The waveband of concern for photo‐reactive drugs is UVA‐visible light, but some extend into the UVB region. We tested whether photosensitive drugs could enhance CPD formation after UVA exposure by using isolated DNA in the presence of several reported photosensitive drugs using high‐performance liquid chromatography. We found that the diuretic agent hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) significantly enhanced the production of TT dimers over a wide range of UVA. Furthermore, we investigated whether UVA plus HCT could enhance CPD production in xeroderma pigmentosum model mice defective in nucleotide excision repair. Immunofluorescence studies showed that CPD formation in the skin significantly increased after 365 nm narrow‐band UVA irradiation in the presence of HCT, compared with that in wild‐type mice. HCT could be used with caution because of its enhancement of UVA‐induced DNA damage. 相似文献
109.
J. P. Mata P. R. Majhi M. Yamashita A. Khanal K. Nakashima P. Bahadur 《Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology》2013,34(9):1248-1256
The effect of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) on the micellization and aggregation behavior of a poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(propylene oxide)-block-poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO-PPO-PEO) amphiphilic copolymer (Pluronic L64: EO13 PO30 EO13) have been investigated by various techniques like, cloud point, viscosity, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), fluorescence spectroscopy, room temperature phosphorescence (RTP), and small angle neutron scattering (SANS). Addition of SDS in L64 solutions shows mark alteration of different properties. We observed synergistic interaction between SDS and Pluronic L64. The changes in the critical micelle concentration (CMC), critical micelle temperature (CMT), cloud point (CP), micelle size, and shape has been correlated and reported in terms of structure dynamics and mechanics. The ITC titrations have been used to explore the different stages of binding and interactions of SDS with L64. The enthalpies of aggregation for copolymer-SDS aggregates binding, organizational change of bound aggregates, and the threshold concentrations of SDS in the presence of copolymer were estimated directly from ITC titration curves. The effect of temperature on enthalpy values has been reported in terms of different aggregation state. Fluorescence and RTP for L64 were used to investigate the change in micellar environment on the addition of SDS at different temperature. Appearance and shifting of SANS peaks have been used to monitor the size and inter micellar interaction on addition of SDS in L64 solution. Cloud point and viscosity elaborate the penetration of SDS molecule in L64 micelle and hence changing the micellar architect. 相似文献
110.
Nobuyoshi Yamashita Yoshikuni Urushigawa Shigeki Masunaga Mohamed I. Walash Akira Miyazaki 《International journal of environmental analytical chemistry》2013,93(4):289-303
Abstract To assess the risks of organochlorine pesticides discharged into the hydrospheric environment of Egypt, river and lake water, drinking water, suspended solids, sediments and fish were collected during 1993—1994 from the Nile River and Manzala Lake in Egypt and were transported to Japan for chemical analysis. Among different organochlorine pesticides analyzed, p,p′-DDE was the most predominant in fish (7.6 to 67 ng/g wet wt.), sediments (3.2 to 432 ng/g dry wt.) and suspended solids (5.3 tc 138 pg/L). However, in the dissolved phase of water samples HCH compounds predominated (α-HCH, 71 to 2,815 pg/L). Concentrations of organochlorine pesticides, except chlordane, were higher in Manzala Lake than in the River Nile. Concentrations of organochlorine pesticides in fish corresponded with those in sediments from each location. Comparison of organochlorine concentrations in Nile River water with those reported in earlier studies suggested a decrease in concentrations during the last decade. However, concentrations of p,p′-DDE has increased in fish. It appears that the release of this metabolite from contaminated sediment is the major source of p,p′-DDE in fish during recent years. 相似文献