Anwendung von 2D-NMR-Techniken zur Analyse komplexer Spektren. Maleopimarsäuremethylester

A combination of 2D-NMR-techniques including 2D-J-resolved spectroscopy, SECSY and¹H-¹³C-shift correlation is used to assign the¹H- and¹³C-spectrum of Maleopimaric acid methylester [17,19-Dinoratis-15-ene-4,13,14-tricarboxylic acid 4-methylester, 16-(1-methylethyl)cyclic-13,14-anhydrid (4, 8, 12)] (1).

     

Anil-Synthese. 23. Mitteilung. Über die Herstellung von Styryl- und Stilbenyl-Derivaten des Pyrimidins

Preparation of Styryl and Stilbenyl Derivatives of Pyrimidines 2- and 4-(p-Tolyl)-substituted pyrimidines react with anils of hetero-aromatic aldehydes in the presence of dimethylformamide and potassium hydroxide or potassium t-butoxide to yield the corresponding 2- and 4-[4″-(heteroaryl)stilben-4′-yl]pyrimidines or the 2- and 4-[a-(heteroaryl)-4′-styryl]pyrimidines respectively (‘Anil synthesis’). Furthermore, the Schiff′s bases derived from p-chloroaniline and 4-(pyrimidine-2-yl and 4-yl)benzaldehydes give, with methyl- and with p-tolyl-substituted heterocycles, the corresponding heterocyclic substituted styryl and stilbenyl derivatives. Alkyl-, alkoxy- or phenyl-substituted pyrimidines undergo also the ‘Anil synthesis’.     

Structure and Stereochemistry of New Sesquiterpene Esters from Echinacea purpurea (L.) MOENCH. (Preliminary communication)

The structure elucidation of four new constituents from the roots of Echinacea purpurea is described. They are shown to be cinnamoyl esters of sesquiterpene alcohols with a germacrane or a guaiane skeleton. First pharmacological results indicate immunological activities.     

Trifluoroacetylsulfenyl trifluoroacetate,CF(3)C(O)-S-O-C(O)CF(3), a novel compound with a symmetrically substituted S-O bond: synthesis,spectroscopic characterization,and quantum chemical calculations

The new compound trifluoroacetylsulfenyl trifluoroacetate, CF(3)C(O)SOC(O)CF(3), which possesses two identical carbonyl substituents attached to the S-O bond, has been synthesized. The IR and UV spectra of the gas phase as well as the (13)C NMR spectrum of the solution in CDCl(3) were recorded and assigned. Quantum chemical calculations were performed with the ab initio methods HF and MP2 and the density functional approach B3LYP. The 6-31G basis set was chosen in all calculations. The molecule possesses a skew structure, and according to all computational methods, the syn-syn structure (C=O bonds of both C(O)CF(3) groups synperiplanar to S-O bond) represents the most stable conformer. In agreement with the quantum chemical calculations, the presence of small amounts (< or =5%) of a second conformer (anti-syn) cannot be excluded on the basis of the IR spectrum. The calculated values for the torsional angle around the S-O bond (delta(C-S-O-C)) of the syn-syn form are smaller than 80 degrees (72-78 degrees). Comparison with theoretical results for the corresponding disulfide CF(3)C(O)SSC(O)CF(3) and peroxide CF(3)C(O)OOC(O)CF(3) indicates that the structural properties of sulfenyl compounds are more similar to those of disulfides than to those of peroxides.     

Versuche zur fraktionierten Extraktion von Kationen und Anionen

Zusammenfassung Bei der sukzessiven Zugabe von Jodid zu einer schwach salpetersauren Lösung von Hg²⁺, Bi³⁺, Cd²⁺, In³⁺ und Zn²⁺ werden diese Elemente mit Tributylphosphat oder Cyclohexanon in der angegebenen Reihenfolge extrahiert. Es ist demnach möglich, aus einer Lösung mit mehreren Kationen einzelne Elemente fraktioniert zu extrahieren. Auch die Anionen Jodid, Bromid und Chlorid können mit einer Lösung von Quecksilber(II)-jodid in Tributylphosphat fraktioniert ausgeschüttelt werden. Die konduktometrische Indizierung der extrahierten Trihalogenomercurate ergibt die Möglichkeit einer quantitativen Bestimmung von Jodid, Bromid und Chlorid nebeneinander. Die Analyse der Phasen in den einzelnen Systemen wurde bei der Kationenextraktion röntgenfluorescenzspektroskopisch, bei der Anionenextraktion konduktometrisch durchgeführt.Wir danken Frl. S. Altfeld für experimentelle Mitarbeit.     

Determination of the atomic charge on sodium in sodium salts by numerical integration — a theoretical investigation

The electron density difference in a NaSCN crystal is set up from the ab initio densities of Na⁺ and SCN^? ions and compared to the experimental counterpart based on X-ray diffraction measurements. Numerical integration over the electron density difference is executed around the Na⁺ ion. The atomic charge (+0.20e) derived in this way is in good agreement with the analogous experimental charge (+0.27e) The low experimental value cannot therefore be taken as an indication for a predominantly non-ionic structure of NaSCN and similar sodium salts     

Pseudopotential calculations on Rb+2, Cs+2, RbH+, CsH+ and the mixed alkali dimer ions

Semi-empirical pseudopotentials are used in calculating the ground-state potentials curves for single valence-electron molecular ions. Very accurate results are obtained and a number of predictions given. The ionization energies of the neutral dimers are evaluated. A spectroscopic rule enables us to estimate the A ¹Σ⁺ state of KRb and RbCs.     

Die Wasserstoffbrückenbildung als primärer Elementarvorgang bei der Ionisation schwacher Säuren und bei Säure-Basen-Katalysen in wäßriger Lösung

The mechanism of the ionisation of weak acids was elucidated according to the interpretation of the acid—base-catalysis of the mutarotation of α-glucose by the author. The primary elementary reaction of the ionisation of weak acids is the exothermic formation of the hydrogen bridge of the acid with the polar solvent. The secondary reaction is the endothermic total transfer of the proton to the solvent. The thermodynamic values of both elementary reactions were determined for the ionisation of different weak acids in aqueous solution and in this way a contribution was made to the thermodynamics of intermediate reactions which was propagated by the autorh. The formation of hydrogen bridge at the acid—base-catalysis of the mutarotation of α-glucose is discussed from the point of view of the mechanism of ionisation of weak acids. Furthermore the limits of the validity of theBrönsted equation for the acid—base-catalysis of the mutarotation of α-glucose were demonstrated.     

Die stufenweise Syntheseo,o′-methylenverbrückter Cyclohexamerer mitp-Kresol- oderP-Kresol- und 4-tert-Butylphenol-Bausteinen Vergleich mit ähnlich strukturierten Kettenoligomeren

Two phenolic alcohols with six phenolic units in their molecules have been obtained by stepwise syntheses starting from simple phenolic derivatives. The phenolic alcohols were cyclized in a one step cyclization by boiling in a very diluted acetic acid solution. A two step cyclization of a phenolic alcohol with three phenolic units to a cyclohexamer proceeds only with poor yields. The cyclic compounds were compared with chainlike oligomers containing six phenolic units in their molecules.

Herrn Prof. Dr.H. F. Mark mit allen guten Wünschen zum 85. Geburtstag gewidmet.