Line-by-line calculations of thermal infrared radiation representative for global condition: CFC-12 as an example

We estimate a current direct radiative forcing due to CFC-12 of 0.18 Wm^-2, which is likely to be the peak radiative forcing for CFC-12. Global measurements of CFC-12 show at present an almost negligible trend for CFC-12 and measurement in an industrialized region show evidence that the peak concentration is reached. It is expected that concentration of CFC-12 in industrialized regions begins to decline 1-3 years before the global concentration.Our radiative forcing calculations are based on a line-by-line model appropriate for simulation of global mean radiative forcing, including clouds and stratospheric temperature adjustment. The radiative forcing of 0.33 Wm^-2/ppbv is close to earlier published results for this compound. New spectroscopic measurements for CFC-12 are performed and compared to previously published results.     

Post-scission dynamics in fission

A dynamical model for fission from the classical turning point to scission and beyond is presented. We consider the fissioning nucleus as well as the fission fragments as incompressible irrotational deformable charged liquid drops. We focus on the post-scission time evolution of the neck, stretching of the fragments, kinetic energy and excitation energy.     

Total assignment of the 13C-NMR spectra of 5H-indolo[1,7-ab][1]benzazepine and 6,7-dihydro-5H-indolo[1,7-ab][1]benzazepine using two-dimensional proton-carbon chemical shift correlation experiments

¹³C-nmr chemical shift assignments for 5H-Indolo[1,7-ab][1]benzazepine and 6,7-Dihydro-5H-indolo-[1,7-ab][1]benzazepine, made on the basis of two-dimensional ¹H-¹³C chemical shift correlation experiments are reported.     

Controlled fed-batch fermentations of dilute-acid hydrolysate in pilot development unit scale

Inhibitors formed during wood hydrolysis constitute a major problem in fermenting dilute-acid hydrolysates. By applying a fed-batch technique, the levels of inhibitory compounds may be held low, enabling high ethanol productivity. In this study, a previously developed fed-batch strategy was modified and implemented for use in pilot development unit (PDU) scale. The rate of total gas formation, measured with a mass flow meter, was used as input variable in the control algorithm. The feed rate in the PDU-scale experiments could be properly controlled based on the gas evolution from the reactor. In fed-batch experiments utilizing TMB 3000, an inhibitor-tolerant strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, close to 100% of the hexoses in the hydrolysate was converted.     

Wave equation hydrodynamics on deforming elements

The shallow water wave equation is derived in a general deforming co-ordinate system. A weak form is developed which displays the natural boundary condition prominently and which may be implemented on C⁰ elements. A time-stepping algorithm is implemented with clastic mapping of interior node motion. Lossless test cases show agreement with analytic solutions. A simple hypothetical test case shows intuitively good behaviour at length scales approaching those required of estuarine simulations.