Pyridazines,LVIII: 1-Phenyl-1-pyridazinyl-2-substituted ethenes,synthesis and configuration

Summary Starting from phenyl pyridazinyl ketones1 and3 various 1-phenyl-1-pyridazinyl-2-substituted ethenes (2 a–c, 4, 5 a, b, 6 a, b, 7–9) were prepared by Wittig-Horner- oder Wittig-type reactions. Configurational assignments of these novel compounds were achieved by NOE difference spectroscopy.Dedicated with best wishes to Prof. Dr. M. Pailer on the occasion of his 80th anniversary     

Limits of detection in multivariate calibration

Summary Multivariate calibration and prediction is applied to signal data measured for selected multicomponent systems using inductively coupled plasma—optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). A multivariate definition of the limit of detection is derived from the error propagation theory. No limiting assumptions of constant signal errors are made for derivation. The definition is successfully applied to estimate realistic limits of detection for the investigated systems. Contributions corresponding to the calibration error were included for calculation. For efficient application realistic error models are introduced to estimate the required errors of the signals without replicate measurements.