A new sequence of high-spin states built on the 17/2+ isomer in85Kr

High-spin states in⁸⁵Kr have been studied via in-beam spectroscopy by bombarding a⁸²Se target with 32 MeV⁷Li ions. Since⁸⁵Kr is only formed with a small relative cross section proton-— coincidence techniques have been applied to enhance the rays of⁸⁵Kr, even with respect to those of⁸⁶Kr, in the measurements. A new sequence of high-spin states with excitation energies up to 4.8 MeV and tentative spins up to (23/2) has been established on top of the 17/2⁺ s isomer. A tentative assignment of the configurationvg ₉ ^2/–1 (g _9/2 p ₃ ^2/–1 orf ₅ ^2/–1 ) to the new levels is proposed.Supported by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft     

New isomers in83Br,85Rb,85Kr and86Kr

Using methods of in-beam spectroscopy in connection with 35 MeV⁷Li bombardment of⁸²Se targets four new isomers have been identified. They are observed in⁸³Br at 3070 keV (T_1/2=0.6±0.2 μs), in⁸⁵Rb at 2826 keV (T_1/2=12.5±0.6 ns), in⁸⁵Kr at 1991 keV (T_1/2=1.2+ _0.4 ^1.0 μs) and in⁸⁶Kr at 2250 keV (T_1/2=3.1±0.6 ns). Spin and parity 19/2^? have been assigned to the new isomer in⁸⁵Rb that is interpreted as the coupling of a p_3/2 proton to the g ₉ ^2/?2 two-neutron excitation of the N=48 neutron system. Using the TDPAD method an upper limit for the g-factor of ¦g¦≦0.17 has been estimated for this isomer. The same two-neutron excitation is also believed to be responsible for the new isomer in⁸³Br. The new isomers in⁸⁵Kr and⁸⁶Kr are interpreted as configurations containing the two-proton excitation (f ₅ ^2/?1 , p ₃ ^2/?1 ) where in the isomeric 17/2⁺ level of⁸⁵Kr an additional g_9/2 neutron hole is involved.     

Über analytische Untersuchungen an magnetischen Materialien

The determination of metals in cubic ferrites is performed by volumetric analysis in the semi-microscale. The iron content is titrated cerimetrically. All other elements are determined by complexometric titration, partially after separation by ion-exchange methods. The separation of iron was achieved by ether and cupferron extraction. The errors of the determination amount up to 0.5% for iron, for other metals up to 1.0% or about 2% in the case of multicomponent systems.     

A characterization of inequality measures based on bilateral inequality

Summary. This article deals with inequality measures on income distributions. These measures are assumed to fulfil common axioms like the Principle of Progressive Transfers, Normalization, and Symmetry. Strict Monotonicity will be defined and is included in the basic set of axioms. If the measures are especially based on bilateral comparisons and if two additional conditions are fulfilled the bilateral inequality measure must be proportional to the absolute distance of the two incomes involved. It is remarkable that all these conditions do not give an answer whether an inequality measure for two incomes should be a quasi-convex or a quasi-concave function. This question is controversely discussed in economic research. Our surprising answer, however, is given by use of RAO's statistic concept defining the diversity of a population.     

Towards the Development of Structure‐Selective G‐Quadruplex‐Binding Indolo[3,2‐b]quinolines

The interaction of phenyl‐substituted indolo[3,2‐b]quinolines with DNA G‐quadruplexes of different topology were studied by using a combination of spectroscopic and calorimetric methodologies. N5‐Methylated indoloquinoline derivatives (^MePIQ) with an aminoalkyl side chain exhibit high affinities for the parallel‐stranded MYC quadruplex and a (3+1)‐hybrid structure combined with an excellent discrimination against the antiparallel thrombin‐binding aptamer (TBA) and the human telomeric (HT) quadruplexes. Dissociation constants for the binding of the ligand to the MYC quadruplex are in the submicromolar range, being below the corresponding dissociation constants for the antiparallel‐stranded quadruplexes by about one order of magnitude. Competition experiments with double‐helical DNA reveal the impact of indoloquinoline structural features on the selectivity for the parallel quadruplex relative to duplex DNA. Based on a calorimetric analysis binding to MYC is shown to be equally driven by favorable enthalpic and entropic contributions with no significant impact on the type of cation present.     

GRANADA: A Generic RAdiative traNsfer AnD non-LTE population algorithm

We present in this paper the Generic RAdiative traNsfer AnD non-LTE population Algorithm (GRANADA). This model is able to compute non-LTE populations for vibrational, rotational, spin (i.e., NO and OH), and electronic (i.e., O₂) states in a given planetary atmosphere. The model is very flexible and can be used for computing very accurate non-LTE populations or for calculating reasonably accurate but at high speed non-LTE populations in order to implement it into non-LTE remote sensing retrievals. We describe the model in detail and present an update of the non-LTE collisional processes and their rate coefficients for the most important molecules in Earth's atmosphere. In addition, we have applied the model to the most important atmospheric infrared emitters including 13 species (H₂O, CO₂, O₃, N₂O, CO, CH₄, O₂, NO, NO₂, HNO₃, OH, N₂, and HCN) and 460 excited vibrational or electronic energy levels. Non-LTE populations for all these energy levels have been calculated for 48 reference atmospheres expanding from the surface up to 200 km, including seasonal (January, April, July and October), latitudinal (75°S, 45°S, 10°S, 10°N, 45°N, 75°N) and diurnal (day and night) coverages. The effects of the most recent updates of the non-LTE collisional parameters on the non-LTE populations are briefly described. This climatology is available online to the community and it can be used for estimating non-LTE effects at specific conditions and for testing and validation studies.     

Quasielastic transfer reactions in 238U + 197Au and 197Au + 197Au collisions near the Coulomb barrier

Differential cross sections as a function of cm angle were measured for 1n- and 2n-transfer reactions in ²³⁸U + ¹⁹⁷ Au and¹⁹⁷ Au + ¹⁹⁷ Au collisions in the energy range from 0.881 V_c to 1.093 V_c and 0.825 V_c to 0.964 V_c, respectively. For ¹⁹⁸Au and ¹⁹⁹Au from the ²³⁸U + ¹⁹⁷Au collisions, for reduced distances of closest approach d _o 1.55 fm, the angular distributions at all bombarding energies are well described by the semiclassical theory. Equivalently, the transfer probabilities show the expected exponential decrease with increasing d _o over many orders of magnitude. For all other transfer products from ²³⁸U + ¹⁹⁷Au collisions, and for all transfer products from ¹⁹⁷Au + ¹⁹⁷Au collisions, markedly reduced cross sections relative to the semiclassical theory are observed for central collisions at all bombarding energies, even for values of d _o that are well outside the region where absorption is known to set in. Only for the more peripheral collisions, one observes agreement of the angular distributions (transfer probabilities) with the semiclassical expectations. The deviations for central collisions are absent for reactions with positive Q _gg values and scale roughly with increasingly negative values of Q _gg, i.e. with increasing Q-value mismatch. Channel coupling is proposed as the relevant mechanism.     

Untersuchungen über Perylen und seine Derivate

Ohne ZusammenfassungAn dieser Stelle möchte ich meinem hochverehrten Lehrer, Herrn Prof. Dr. Alois Zinke, für die Förderung und das Interesse, das er meinen Arbeiten entgegenbringt, den herzlichsten Dank aussprechen.