Tame Automorphisms of Elementary Free Groups

We prove that the automorphism group of a finitely generated fully residually free group is tame.     

The Surface Group Conjecture: Cyclically Pinched and Conjugacy Pinched One-Relator Groups

The general surface group conjecture asks whether a one-relator group where every subgroup of finite index is again one-relator and every subgroup of infinite index is free (property IF) is a surface group. We resolve several related conjectures given in Fine et al. (Sci Math A 1:1–15, 2008). First we obtain the Surface Group Conjecture B for cyclically pinched and conjugacy pinched one-relator groups. That is: if G is a cyclically pinched one-relator group or conjugacy pinched one-relator group satisfying property IF then G is free, a surface group or a solvable Baumslag–Solitar Group. Further combining results in Fine et al. (Sci Math A 1:1–15, 2008) on Property IF with a theorem of Wilton (Geom Topol, 2012) and results of Stallings (Ann Math 2(88):312–334, 1968) and Kharlampovich and Myasnikov (Trans Am Math Soc 350(2):571–613, 1998) we show that Surface Group Conjecture C proposed in Fine et al. (Sci Math A 1:1–15, 2008) is true, namely: If G is a finitely generated nonfree freely indecomposable fully residually free group with property IF, then G is a surface group.     

Universal long-time behavior of nuclear spin decays in a solid

Magnetic resonance studies of nuclear spins in solids are exceptionally well suited to probe the limits of statistical physics. We report experimental results indicating that isolated macroscopic systems of interacting nuclear spins possess the following fundamental property: spin decays that start from different initial configurations quickly evolve towards the same long-time behavior. This long-time behavior is characterized by the shortest ballistic microscopic time scale of the system and therefore falls outside of the validity range for conventional approximations of statistical physics. We find that the nuclear free-induction decay and different solid echoes in hyperpolarized solid xenon all exhibit sinusoidally modulated exponential long-time behavior characterized by identical time constants. This universality was previously predicted on the basis of analogy with resonances in classical chaotic systems.     

激光大气闪烁的间歇特征

 以小波变换法观察了湍流大气中激光光强起伏的间歇特征, 并用奇性测度进行了定量的描述。根据间歇性参量的周日变化规律发现：激光大气闪烁的间歇性存在于所有的时间和起伏条件下,并且保持稳定,间歇性参量约为0.1,基本不随起伏条件和时间变化。     

小波多分辨分析用于化学发光光谱的噪声滤除

本文利用小波变换对化学发光光谱进行了多分辨信号分解 ,有效地滤除噪声 ,提高了光谱信噪比。讨论了不同小波基和分解级次对分析结果的影响。分析表明小波分析对离散信号处理具有一定优势。     

共掺杂的二氧化锆纳米材料中Yb3+和Tm3+上转换发光

用共沉淀法制备了二氧化锆掺Yb3 和 0 2 (0 4 ,1)mol%Tm3 的纳米材料 ;用发射波长为 980nm的激光激发样品 ,测量了掺 0 2mol%Tm3 的纳米材料在不同退火温度下的上转换光谱 ;测量了在相同退火温度、不同泵浦电流下的上转换发射光谱 ;并研究了蓝色上转换发射的过程。     

EUV波段电光成像系统分辨率的实验研究

基于微通道板 (MicrochannelPlate ,MCP)探测器件设计一套成像系统 ,用于对极紫外 (ExtremeUl traviolet,EUV)波段的光进行成像。结果在 13,17 1,19 5和 30 4nm处获得了一个宽度为 3mm的狭缝的像 ,其相应的空间分辨率分别为 85 ,12 0 ,182和 4 95 μm ,最佳为 85 μm ,对应波长 13nm ,而且波长越短 ,分辨率越高 ,图像的亮度也越高。     

高能X射线聚焦组合透镜的理论研究

X射线聚焦组合透镜是一种利用折射效应对X射线辐射聚焦的新型元件。针对X射线波段的特性,综合考虑折射和吸收效应得出组合透镜的衍射屏函数,并利用衍射理论推导出X射线组合透镜的设计理论。利用统计学理论中一阶、二阶原点矩表征像面处的光学性能,使设计更简洁。该理论方法可方便地推广到双凹折射单元情况。通过数值计算分析了像向处强度分布的二阶中心矩以及焦点处辐射强度随组合透镜结构参最的变化关系,给出了一种铝基X射线组合透镜的结构参量设计结果。对于设计的组合透镜结构参量,计算了当X射线辐射能量分别为0．93 keV．9．89 keV和29．78 keV时,X射线辐射经过组合透镜后的焦点强度分布。     

Y2O3:Ho/Yb纳米晶的上转换发光性质

采用燃烧法制备了不同尺寸和不同掺杂浓度的Y2O3：Ho／Yb纳米晶,并系统地研究了颗粒尺寸对Y2O3：Ho／Yb纳米晶发光性质的影响。研究发现,随着尺寸的减小,发射强度和荧光分支比均发生了显著变化,Ho^3 的整体发射强度降低,但5^F5→^5I8的红光发射比^5S2(^5F4)→^5I8的绿光发射的荧光分支比增强。尺寸减小,表面原子更易吸附空气中的水和二氧化碳,引入一些较大的振动模式,从而增大了无辐射跃迁的速率,荧光分支比随尺寸的变化被归因于表面效应引起的无辐射弛豫过程^5S2(^5F4)→^5F5和^5I6→^5I7的增强。     

Synthesis of micron-sized hollow silica spheres with a novel mesoporous shell of MCF

Micron-sized hollow silica spheres whose shells are made up of mesocellular silica foams(MCFs) have been synthesized by one-pot sol-gel method in benzene/water/P123 emulsion.The material is characterized with SEM,TEM,BET and ~(29)Si MAS NMR. The results show that the MCFs of the unique shell of hollow silica spheres were connected by large windows with a narrow distribution of～10 nm in diameter,the inner space of the hollow sphere is accessible.And the formation mechanism of the hollow silica spheres is ...