Intranasal irradiation with the xenon chloride ultraviolet B laser improves allergic rhinitis

We earlier reported that the 308 nm xenon chloride (XeCl) ultraviolet B (UVB) laser is highly effective for the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases. Since UVB irradiation has been shown to exert both local and systemic immunosuppression, we investigated the clinical efficacy of UVB irradiation in allergic rhinitis. In an open study, groups of patients with severe allergic rhinitis received intranasal irradiation with a 308 nm XeCl UVB excimer laser for two weeks. In the low-dose group (n=10), treatment was given twice weekly, starting with 0.25x the individual minimal erythema dose (MED), whereas patients in the medium-dose group (n=8) were treated four times weekly, starting with 0.4x MED. In each group, the dosage was gradually increased. Evaluation was based on the symptom scores. The effect of the XeCl laser on the skin prick test reaction was also studied. In the low-dose group, seven patients completed the study, and there was no improvement in the nasal symptoms. In the medium-dose group, the XeCl UVB irradiation significantly inhibited the rhinorrhoea, the sneezing, the nasal obstruction and the total nasal score (p<0.05). The XeCl UVB excimer laser also inhibited the allergen-induced skin prick test in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that the XeCl UVB excimer laser might serve as a new therapeutic tool in the treatment of allergic rhinitis.     

Weak type inequalities for the Walsh and bounded Ciesielski systems

We investigate both the Walsh system and the bounded Ciesielski systems, which can be obtained from the spline systems of order (m,k) in the same way as the Walsh system can be obtained from the Haar system. We show that the maximal operator of the Fejér means of the Walsh-- and Ciesielski--Fourier series is bounded from the Hardy space H _1/2 to the space weak L_1/2if m -1, |k| m+1. As a consequence, we obtain a new proof for the fact that the Fejér means of the Walsh-- or Ciesielski--Fourier series of a function f L ₁ converge to f a.e.     

Θ-summability of Fourier series

A general summability method of orthogonal series is given with the help of an integrable function Θ. Under some conditions on Θ we show that if the maximal Fejér operator is bounded from a Banach space X to Y, then the maximal Θ-operator is also bounded. As special cases the trigonometric Fourier, Walsh, Walsh--Kaczmarz, Vilenkin and Ciesielski--Fourier series and the Fourier transforms are considered. It is proved that the maximal operator of the Θ-means of these Fourier series is bounded from H _p to L _p (1/2<p≤; ∞) and is of weak type (1,1). In the endpoint case p=1/2 a weak type inequality is derived. As a consequence we obtain that the Θ-means of a function f∈L ₁ converge a.e. to f. Some special cases of the Θ-summation are considered, such as the Weierstrass, Picar, Bessel, Riesz, de la Vallée-Poussin, Rogosinski and Riemann summations. Similar results are verified for several-dimensional Fourier series and Hardy spaces.     

The maximal Fejér operator on real Hardy spaces

We prove that the maximal Fej'er operator is not bounded on the real Hardy spaces H ¹, which may be considered over and . We also draw corollaries for the corresponding Hardy spaces over ² and ². This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Unwinding of DNA polymerases by the antitumor drug,cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II)

The helix-turn-helix motifs of the DNA binding domains of human polymerase-alpha and polymerase-kappa are dramatically perturbed upon binding to cisplatin with concomitant release of zinc.     

Development of chemically modified glass surfaces for nucleic acid,protein and small molecule microarrays

Microarrays have become a widely used tool to investigate the living cell at different levels. DNA microarrays enable the expression analysis of thousand of genes simultaneously, while protein arrays investigate the properties and interactions of proteins with other proteins and with non-proteinaceous molecules. One crucial step in producing such microarrays is the permanent immobilization of samples on a solid surface. Our goal was to develop diverse linker systems capable of anchoring different biological samples, especially DNA and drug-like small molecules. We developed 6 different chemical surfaces having a 3-D-like linker system for biomolecule immobilization, and compared them to previously described immobilization strategies. The attachment chemistry utilizes the amino reactive properties of acrylic and epoxy functions. The capacity of the support was increased by creating a branching structure holding the reactive functions. The method of anchoring was investigated through a model reaction. From HPLC and mass spectrometry measurements we concluded that the covalent binding of DNA occurs through nucleobases. The tested systems offer the capability to permanently immobilize several biomolecular species in an array format.     

(C,α) Summability of Walsh—Fourier Series

The one-dimensional dyadic martingale Hardy spaces H _p are introduced and it is proved that the maximal operator of the (C,) means of a Walsh—Fourier series is bounded from H _p to L _p (1/( + 1) < p < ) and is of weak type (L ₁,L ₁). As a consequence, we obtain the summability result due to Fine; more exactly, the (C,) means of the Walsh—Fourier series of a function f L ₁ converge a.e. to the function in question. Moreover, we prove that the (C,) means are uniformly bounded on H _p whenever 1/( + 1) < p < . We define the two-dimensional dyadic hybrid Hardy space H ₁ and verify that the maximal operator of the (C,,) means of a two-dimensional function is of weak type H ₁ ,L ₁). Consequence, the Walsh—Fourier series of every function f H ₁ is (C,,) summable to the function f.     

Extension of a theorem of Fejér to double Fourier-Stieltjes series

A theorem of Fejér states that if a periodic function F is of bounded variation on the closed interval [0, 2π], then the nth partial sum of its formally differentiated Fourier series divided by n converges to π^-1[F(x+0)-F(x-0)] at each point x. The generalization of this theorem for Fourier-Stieltjes series of (nonperiodic) functions of bounded variation is also well known. The aim of the present article is to extend these results to the (m, n)th rectangular partial sum of double Fourier or Fourier-Stieltjes series of a function F(x, y) of bounded variation over the closed square [0, 2π]×[0, 2π] in the sense of Hardy and Krause. As corollaries, we also obtain the following results:

Two-kaon correlations in central Pb+Pb collisions at 158 a GeV/c

Two-particle interferometry of positive kaons is studied in Pb+Pb collisions at mean transverse momenta approximately 0.25 and 0.91 GeV/c. A three-dimensional analysis was applied to the lower p(T) data, while a two-dimensional analysis was used for the higher p(T) data. We find that the source-size parameters are consistent with the m(T) scaling curve observed in pion-correlation measurements in the same collisions, and that the duration time of kaon emission is consistent with zero within the experimental sensitivity.     

The Two-Parameter Dyadic Derivative and Dyadic Hardy Spaces

It is shown that the maximal operator of the two-parameter dyadic derivative of the dyadic integral is bounded from the two-parameter dyadic Hardy-Lorentz space H _p,q to L _p,q (1/2 < p < , 0 < q L is dyadically differentiable and its derivative is f a.e.