排序方式: 共有122条查询结果,搜索用时 812 毫秒
91.
Urtenov MA Kirillova EV Seidova NM Nikonenko VV 《The journal of physical chemistry. B》2007,111(51):14208-14222
This paper deals with one-dimensional stationary Nernst-Planck and Poisson (NPP) equations describing ion electrodiffusion in multicomponent solution/electrode or ion-conductive membrane systems. A general method for resolving ordinary and singularly perturbed problems with these equations is developed. This method is based on the decoupling of NPP equations that results in deduction of an equation containing only the terms with different powers of the electrical field and its derivatives. Then, the solution of this equation, analytical in several cases or numerical, is substituted into the Nernst-Planck equations for calculating the concentration profile for each ion present in the system. Different ionic species are grouped in valency classes that allows one to reduce the dimension of the original set of equations and leads to a relatively easy treatment of multi-ion systems. When applying the method developed, the main attention is paid to ion transfer at limiting and overlimiting currents, where a significant deviation from local electroneutrality occurs. The boundary conditions and different approximations are examined: the local electroneutrality (LEN) assumption and the original assumption of quasi-uniform distribution of the space charge density (QCD). The relations between the ion fluxes at limiting and overlimiting currents are discussed. In particular, attention is paid to the "exaltation" of counterion transfer toward an ion-exchange membrane by co-ion flux leaking through the membrane or generated at the membrane/solution interface. The structure of the multi-ion concentration field in a depleted diffusion boundary layer (DBL) near an ion-exchange membrane at overlimiting currents is analyzed. The presence of salt ions and hydrogen and hydroxyl ions generated in the course of the water "splitting" reaction is considered. The thickness of the DBL and its different zones, as functions of applied current density, are found by fitting experimental current-voltage curves. 相似文献
92.
93.
Aleksandr G. Shipov Evgeniya P. Kramarova Elizaveta A. Mamaeva Oksana A. Zamyshlyaeva Vadim V. Negrebetsky Yuri E. Ovchinnikov Sergey A. Pogozhikh Alan R. Bassindale Peter G. Taylor Yuri I. Baukov 《Journal of organometallic chemistry》2001,620(1-2):139-149
Reactions of 2-sila-5-morpholinones, 4-acyl-2-silamorpholines and 4-acyl-2,6-disilamorpholines with electrophilic reagents generally lead to the opening of the sila- or disilacycle by cleavage of the Si–O bond with subsequent rearrangement to form five-membered chelate derivatives where the amide oxygen atoms coordinate with the silicon to form pentacoordinate silicon species. Multinuclear NMR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction studies were used for structural investigation of the products. 4-Acyl-2,6-disilamorpholines initially form adducts with strong acids where the amide oxygen is protonated by the acid as demonstrated by X-ray crystallography. 相似文献
94.
95.
Bing Wu Dr. Evgeniya Kovalska Dr. Jan Luxa Petr Marvan Štěpán Cintl Prof. Zdenek Sofer 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2020,26(36):8162-8169
Few-layered black phosphorus (BP) is a two-dimensional material that has attracted intensive attention for applications in energy storage and catalysis due to its large surface area and good electrical and thermal conductivity. Herein, a comparable study of BP electrochemical exfoliation in various solutions of tetrabutylammonium salts (TBAX; X is PF6−, BF4−, and ClO4−) in DMSO is reported. Based on morphological and structural analyses, it is shown that TBAPF6/DMSO medium was specifically appropriate for the production of high-quality BP nanosheets with micrometer lateral size and a thickness of about 2.4 nm. TBAPF6/DMSO-processed, few-layered BP exhibits enhanced hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalytic activity compared with that of samples exfoliated with the assistance of BF4− and ClO4− ions. Finally, the fabrication of flexible, free-standing BP films and their performance in an all-solid-state supercapacitor device are demonstrated. 相似文献
96.
97.
Elisey Mazilov Evgeniya Ogurtsova Alexander Shamov Grigorii Khrapkovskii 《International journal of quantum chemistry》2010,110(4):939-945
Using nonempirical methods and DFT‐methods the geometrical parameters formation enthalpies of molecules and radicals, energies dissociation of N? NO2 bonds of primary and secondary N‐nitramines have been investigated. The basic tendencies in the changes of the geometrical and electronic structures, formation enthalpies, and dissociation energies have been analyzed in basic homologous series of nitramines. Various alternative mechanisms of the gas‐phase monomolecular thermal decomposition have been studied by of the example of N‐methylnitramine. The process of the aci‐form formation and its further multistage destruction is the most advantageous way of decomposition of the primary N‐nitramines. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2010 相似文献
98.
Evgeniya Leonova Mihail Makarov Zinaida Klemenkova Irina Odinets 《Helvetica chimica acta》2010,93(10):1990-1999
The aldol‐crotonic condensation reactions of N‐alkyl‐ and NH‐piperidin‐4‐one derivatives with (hetero)aromatic aldehydes promoted by Lewis acids or bases were examined. This comparative study has revealed three effective catalytic systems based on Lewis acids, i.e., LiClO4 and MgBr2 (in the presence of tertiary amine), and BF3⋅Et2O, for the synthesis of N‐alkyl‐substituted 3,5‐bis(heteroarylidene)piperidin‐4‐ones, including those bearing acid‐ or base‐labile groups both in the (hetero)aromatic groups and in the alkyl substituent at the N‐atom. The highest reaction rate was observed for LiClO4‐mediated synthesis. Both MgBr2‐ and LiClO4‐mediated syntheses were inefficient in the case of NH‐piperidin‐4‐one, while BF3⋅Et2O provided the final compounds in high yields. This catalyst is especially advantageous as it allows simultaneous condensation and deprotection in the case of O‐protected piperidin‐4‐one. 相似文献
99.
100.