Full 3D Measurement of Strain Field by Scattered Light for Analysis of Structures

The studies of structures with complex geometry or non-plane loading impose generally taking into account the mechanical volume effects. Mechanical data at the core of materials can be obtained by using special devices, generally from X-ray tomography. In this paper, we present an original volume investigation technique for transparent materials. This technique, easier to implement, does not require any complex device. It is based on scattered light by randomly distributed marks and provides three-dimensional images allowing the use of correlation technique, extended to three dimensions. The accuracy of measurement is evaluated for an imposed rigid body translation and a mechanical homogeneous loading in small and large strains. In conclusion, an example of application is presented concerning a local mechanical loading of compression in which we make a comparison with a finite element simulation.     

Axis-switching in the vibrationless Ã←X̃ transition of the jet-cooled deuterated methyl peroxy radical CD3O2

The jet-cooled high resolution spectrum of the vibrationless A?←X? transition of the deuterated species of the methyl peroxy radical has been recently published in this journal (S. Wu, P. Dupre?, P. Rupper, and T. A. Miller, J. Chem. Phys. 127, 224305 (2007)). The spectrum was analyzed using a rigid-rotor model with quadratic spin-rotation coupling. The analysis was based on the fit of ～350 partially resolved line positions and was quite satisfactory. However, the full simulation of the spectral intensity clearly identifies a lack of ability to reproduce relatively small line clumps ("extra" lines) located between the two main central Q branches. This is indicating of an incomplete initial analysis. In the present paper we reanalyze this electronic transition by considering a reference-frame axis-switching resulting from the nuclear rearrangement associated to the electronic transition (spectra obtained at two different temperatures are considered). The potential energy hypersurfaces of the two electronic states are sufficiently dissimilar to induce changes in the molecule geometry, particularly, the angle COO?, which induces a rotation (～1.7°) of the principal axes of inertia located in the molecule symmetry plane. The present analysis is supported by a global fitting of the spectrum intensity and gives rise to a slightly different set of molecular constants. Attention is paid to the wavefunction symmetry assignment of a non-orthorhombic molecule. Couplings due to the torsion of the methyl group are discussed in the following paper (P. Dupre, J. Chem. Phys. 134, 244309 (2011)).     

Assessment of Digital Image Correlation Measurement Accuracy in the Ultimate Error Regime: Improved Models of Systematic and Random Errors

The literature contains many studies on assessment of DIC uncertainties, particularly in the ultimate error regime, when the shape function used to describe the material transformation perfectly matches the actual transformation. For pure sub-pixel translations, bias and random errors obtained for experimental or synthetic images show more complex evolution versus the fractional part of displacement than those predicted by the existing theoretical models. Indeed, small deviations arise, mainly around integer values of imposed displacements for noisy images, and they are interpreted as the unrepresentativeness of the underlying hypotheses of the theoretical models. In a first step, differences between imposed and measured displacements are analysed: random error is independent of fractional displacement, and systematic error does not decrease for values close to integer displacements whatever the noise level. Therefore, new prediction models are proposed based on the analysis of identified phenomena from synthetic speckle-pattern 8-bit images. The statistical approach used in this paper generalizes the methods proposed in the literature and mimics the experimental methodology usually used for displacement measurements performed in different subsets in the same image. Two closed-form expressions for the systematic and random errors and a linear interpolation scheme are developed. These models, depending only on image properties and the imposed displacement, are built with a very limited number of parameters. It is then possible to predict the evolution of bias and random errors from one to four images.     

The infrared bands ν2 and ν5 of CH3Br with Coriolis interaction

The infrared bands ν₂ and ν₅ of CH₃Br have been measured at a resolution of 0.015 cm^?1. The lines due to the isotopic species CH₃⁷⁹Br and CH₃⁸¹Br were resolved and altogether about 3000 lines were assigned. The bands were analyzed simultaneously by taking into account the xy-Coriolis resonance between the states v₂ = 1 and v₅ = 1. A local perturbation observed in ν₅ could be explained in terms of a (1,?2) resonance between v₂ = 1 and v₅ = 1. Some perturbation allowed transitions could be assigned and they give an equation between A₀ and D₀^K.     

A nuclear magnetic resonance study of clustering in ferromagnetic NiCu alloys

The influence of cold working and annealing on the short range order in nickel copper alloys is studied by NMR of the Cu nuclei. For concentrations aove 5% Cu in Ni the existence of Cu rich clusters after annealing is demonstrated and an effective randomizing method is shown by means of the Cu spectra.     

Continuous-wave cavity ringdown spectroscopy of the 8nu polyad of water in the 25,195-25,340 cm(-1) range

State-of-the-art experiments and calculations are used to record and assign the data obtained in the weakly absorbing blue energy region of the H2O spectrum. Continuous-wave cavity ringdown absorption spectroscopy with Doppler resolution is used to probe the range from 25,195 to 25,470 cm(-1) with an absorption sensitivity of approximately 1 parts per 10(9) (ppb)/cm. 62 lines of the polyad nu(OH)=8 are reported, of which 43 are assigned using variational nuclear calculations. The study includes absorption line intensities (in the range of 10(-28)-10(-26) cmmolecule) for all lines and self-broadening pressure coefficient for a few lines. The newly obtained energy levels are also reported.     

Light scattering study of the isotropic-to-blue phase transition in cholesteryl oleyl carbonate (COC) and its mixtures with a nematogen

Abstract

Light scattering experiments have been performed on cholesteryl oleyl carbonate (COC) and its mixtures with a nematogen in order to investigate pretransition phenomena accompanying the transition from the isotropic to the blue phase. Estimates of the critical temperature for the flat-spiral (m = 2) mode have been obtained in each case. The critical temperatures approach the transition temperature, T _c, in the mixtures, probably due to an impurity-induced blurring of the phase transition. Measurements of the optical rotatory power have also been carried out on pure COC as well as its mixtures with the nematogen and possible origins for the pretransition phenomena observed are discussed.     

Internal rotation: single diagonalization approach versus standard approaches, application to the methyl peroxy radical Ã←X̃ transition

A new approach avoiding double (two-step) diagonalization is proposed to deal with internal rotation. The development of this method was stimulated by the jet-cooled high resolution spectrum of the vibrationless A?←X? transition of the deuterated species of the methyl peroxy radical. This spectrum, originally analyzed with a rigid rotor Hamiltonian including spin-rotation but neglecting internal rotation, has been revisited in the previous paper (P. Dupre?, J. Chem. Phys. 134, 244308 (2011)) and a determinable yaw of the molecular principal axes of inertia about the c-axis (axis-switching) during the electronic transition was established. The spectral resolution of the jet-cooled data of the vibrationless transition (～7355 - 7390?cm(-1)) does not allow the observation of splitting due to internal rotation of the methyl top, but when these data are combined with the low resolution room temperature data (～7200 - 8000?cm(-1)) accurate fits or simulations of the two sets of data are possible. A recent study of the room temperature data has been reported in this journal (G. M. P. Just et al., J. Chem. Phys. 127, 044310 (2007)) showing evidence of the internal rotation coupling by analyzing the intensity of the torsional mode energy progression. That investigation combined ab initio quantum chemistry calculations and the rho-axis-method (RAM) to model the internal rotation. Here, a comparison of full spectral intensity analyses based on both the usual RAM and on the new approach requiring a single-diagonalization principal-axis-method is presented. The comparison favors the single-diagonalization approach. Axis-switching and spin-rotation coupling are incorporated in the analysis, in which the use of the principal axes of inertia is maintained. Symmetries, energy levels, and advantages are carefully discussed for all methods.