Theory of Weak Modified Electron Acoustic Double Layers and Solitary Waves in Presence of Negative Ions

We have studied the analytic solutions for modified electron acoustic double layers and solitary waves in a four component plasma system viz. two electrons and two ions, one positive and the other negative. It has been shown that DL solution does not exist when the temperatures of the free and the trapped particles are considered to be same for all the free species. On the other hand, DL solutions are found to exist when the effects of the reflected electrons (hot) are considered. The velocity and thickness of the DL have been valculated.     

Effects of Trapped Ions on the Nonlinear Propagation of Modified Electron Acoustic Waves

Effects of trapped ions on the nonlinear propagation of modified electron acoustic waves in an unmagnetized plasma consisting of one cold and one hot components of electrons and one single species of hot ions, have been investigated in this paper. It has been shown that while rarefactive soliton solution exists in such a plasma, no double layer solution has been found to exist. The potential, velocity and width of the soliton have been calculated.     

Erratum to: Solution behavior of aqueous mixtures of low and high molecular weight hydrophobic amphiphiles

Mixtures of a hydrophobic triblock copolymer (L121, PEO₅PPO₆₈PEO₅) and a hydrophobic anionic surfactant (AOT, Sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate), each alone forming turbid vesicular solutions in water, aggregate to produce a thermodynamically stable, transparent and isotropic solution. Mixed AOT/L121 aggregates could be confirmed by fluorescence, surface tension, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). In an isotropic region, where mixed aggregates are formed, there is a synergistic interaction between monomers of AOT and L121 in the mixture. In addition, Small Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS) experiments provided evidence that mixed aggregates have the shape of either spheres (with a certain polydispersity) or very short ellipsoids (axial ratio below 2), confirming a transition from giant multilamellar vesicles to small aggregates upon mixing the two hydrophobic amphiphiles. Upon dilution, the morphology changes to disk-like. From an examination of the results of all the methods the peculiar behavior of the mixed AOT/L121 system is explained.     

Mass–yield distributions of fission products from photo-fission of natPb induced by 50–70 MeV bremsstrahlung

The mass–yield distributions of various fission products have been determined in the 50-, 60- and 70-MeV end point bremsstrahlung induced fission of ^natPb using off-line γ-ray spectrometric technique in the electron linac at Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Korea. The mass–yield distributions are symmetric with average mass of 102.34, 102.25 and 102.03 and FWHM of 21, 22 and 23 mass unit, respectively. From the present data and literature data in the 50–85 MeV bremsstrahlung induced fission of ²⁰⁹Bi the following observations were obtained: (i) The average masses of the yield distributions in the 50–85 MeV bremsstrahlung induced fission of ^natPb and ²⁰⁹Bi are around 102.25 ± 0.25 and 103 ± 0.5, respectively. (ii) The FWHM of the mass–yield distributions increases from about 21 mass units at 50 MeV to 23 mass units at 70–85 MeV, which is explained from the point of increase in multi-chance fission probability with increasing excitation energy. (iii) Within the bremsstrahlung energy range of 50–85 MeV, the role of nuclear structure effect in the mass–yield distribution was observed in the photo-fission of ²⁰⁹Bi, whereas it was not seen in case of ^natPb. This may be due to the presence of so many isotopes in ^natPb unlike mono-isotopic ²⁰⁹Bi.     

233Pa(2nth, f ) cross-section determination using a fission track technique

The νp process is a primary nucleosynthesis process which occurs in core-collapse supernovae. An essential role in this process is being played by electron antineutrinos. They generate, by absorption on protons, a supply of neutrons which, by (n, p) reactions, allow to overcome waiting point nuclei with rather long beta-decay and proton-capture lifetimes. The synthesis of heavy elements by the νp process depends sensitively on the $\bar \nu _e$ luminosity and spectrum. As has been shown recently, the latter are affected by collective neutrino flavor oscillations which can swap the $\bar \nu _e$ and $\bar \nu _{\mu ,\tau }$ spectra above a certain split energy. Assuming such a swap scenario, we have studied the impact of collective neutrino flavor oscillations on the νp-process nucleosynthesis. Our results show that the production of light p-nuclei up to mass number A = 108 is very sensitive to collective neutrino oscillations.     

The Boulware–Deser class of spacetimes radiates

We establish the result that the standard Boulware–Deser spacetime can radiate. This allows us to model the dynamics of a spherically symmetric radiating dynamical star in five-dimensional Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet gravity with three spacetime regions. The local internal region is a two-component system consisting of standard pressure-free, null radiation and an additional string fluid with energy density and nonzero pressure obeying all physically realistic energy conditions. The middle region is purely radiative which matches to a third region which is the vacuum Boulware–Deser exterior. Our approach allows for all three spacetime regions to be modeled by the same class of metric functions. A large family of solutions to the field equations are presented for various realistic equations of state. A comparison of our solutions with earlier well known results is undertaken and we show that Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet analogues of these solutions, including those of Husain, are contained in our family. We also generalise our results to higher dimensions.     

Effect of anomalous diffusion on directed motion in a multiplicative noise driven flashing ratchet system

In this paper we have studied the directed motion of a Brownian particle in a multiplicative noise driven flashing ratchet system. Our investigation shows the current (j) is either maximum or minimum in the super-diffusion (SPD) region depending on the asymmetric character of the ratchet potential. But the optimum behavior disappears for the symmetric ratchet potential and there is a current inversion around the normal diffusion (ND). With increase of half cycle period(t_p/2) (which controls the on-off operation mechanism of the potential), j passes through a maximum and the peak height is the highest for the SPD. Also at low asymmetry in the system, the mobility is more dominating for the normal and the super-diffusion cases than the sub-diffusion. For large asymmetry in the ratchet potential, the diffusion control positive current is larger for the ND compared to the other cases. Finally, we observe that there is a maximum in the variation of current as a function of noise correlation time for SPD. But it disappears for the other cases.     

Design and synthesis of multidentate ligands via metal promoted C-N bond formation processes and their coordination chemistry

This presentation reports some novel examples of organic ring amination reactions via metal mediation. The organic transformations are highly regioselective and can be controlled by the proper selection of the mediator complex. The two isomeric organic ligands viz. HL¹ and HL² were isolated in their pure states by the removal of the metal ions. These were fully characterized. The ligand HL¹ has lowpKa, 8.5. Upon deprotonation, it behaves as a potentialbis chelating N,N,N-donors. The coordination chemistry of the HL¹ ligand involving some 3d-metal ions is described. Two unusual low-spin complexes of manganese(II) and iron(III) are reported. The ferric complex displayed a rhombic EPR while, the corresponding manganese compound showed a complex pattern due to hyperfine coupling. All the complexes displayed large number of redox responses. A brief mention about the future projection of this work is noted.