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121.
The direct formation of alpha-methylene-beta-amino acid derivatives is achieved using the aza version of the Baylis-Hillman protocol. The products are readily formed in a three-component one-pot reaction between arylaldehydes, sulfonamides, and alpha,beta-unsaturated carbonyl compounds. The reaction is efficiently catalyzed by titanium isopropoxide and 2-hydroxyquinuclidine in the presence of molecular sieves. The protocol allows for structural variation of the substrates, tolerating electron-poor and electron-rich arylaldehydes and various Michael acceptors. 相似文献
122.
123.
Carolina Muscoli Daniela Salvemini Donatella Paolino Michelangelo Iannone Ernesto Palma Antonio Cufari Domenicantonio Rotiroti Federico Carlo Perno Stefano Aquaro Vincenzo Mollace 《BMC neuroscience》2002,3(1):13-8
Background
Oxidative stress has shown to contribute in the mechanisms underlying apoptotic cell death occuring in AIDS-dementia complex. Here we investigated the role of peroxynitrite in apoptosis occurring in astroglial cells incubated with supernatants of HIV-infected human primary macrophages (M/M). 相似文献124.
Remarkable stability of the oxirane function is displayed over a number of synthetic operations in a novel synthesis of the antitumor compound epothilone B (see scheme). The cis-epoxide, generated very early by dihydroxylation of an (E)-olefin, was resistant to more than ten synthetic steps under a wide variety of reaction conditions. TBS=tert-butyldimethylsilyl. 相似文献
125.
Kortunov P Vasenkov S Kärger J Fé Elía M Perez M Stöcker M Papadopoulos GK Theodorou D Drescher B McElhiney G Bernauer B Krystl V Kocirik M Zikanova A Jirglova H Berger C Gläser R Weitkamp J Hansen EW 《Magnetic resonance imaging》2005,23(2):233-237
Pulsed-field gradient nuclear magnetic resonance (PFG NMR) has been applied to study molecular diffusion in industrial fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) catalysts and in USY zeolite for a broad range of molecular displacements and temperatures. The results of this study have been used to elucidate the relevance of molecular transport on various displacements for the rate of molecular exchange between catalyst particles and their surroundings. It turned out that this rate, which may determine the overall rate and selectivity of FCC process, is primarily related to the diffusion mode associated with displacements larger than the size of zeolite crystals located in the particles but smaller than the size of the particles. This conclusion has been confirmed by comparative studies of the catalytic performance of different FCC catalysts. 相似文献
126.
Monge ME Bulone D Giacomazza D Negri M Bernik DL 《Combinatorial chemistry & high throughput screening》2004,7(4):337-344
Multicomponent essential oils Tagetes Minuta and Poleo as well as pure limonene were encapsulated in Tween doped-high methoxylated pectin gels. Optical microscopy reveals that the obtained gels containing limonene consisted in a highly heterogeneous oil-in-water emulsion stabilised by the gelled medium. The influence of limonene encapsulation in pectin gelation kinetics and the gel structural properties were followed by dynamic rheological measurements. An electronic nose device developed in our laboratory was used to follow the flavour release of the three systems in order to discriminate the samples according to the main components released to the headspace. PCA and Neural Network Analysis allowed us to discriminate Tagetes Minuta from Poleo due to the difference in their limonene content. It is remarkable that the fingerprints of encapsulated complex mixtures differ from those obtained for the non-encapsulated oils, showing a preferential release of some components. In the case of limonene, the effect of the encapsulated concentration on the detected odour was also studied. 相似文献
127.
In this paper, we prove higher integrability results for the gradient of the solutions of some elliptic equations with degenerate
coercivity whose prototype is
where for example, a(x,u)=(1+|u|)−θ with θ ∈ (0,1). We study the same problem for minima of functionals closely related to the previous equation. 相似文献
128.
129.
Prumper G Zimmermann B Langer B Viefhaus J Hentges R Cherepkov NA Schmidtke B Drescher M Heinzmann U Becker U Kleinpoppen H 《Physical review letters》2000,85(24):5074-5077
The linear magnetic dichroism in the angular distribution of Tl 5d and 6p photoelectrons and their dynamical spin polarization have been measured between hnu = 30 and 50 eV. In contrast to the Xe 5p photoionization at the 4d threshold, our results show that above the Tl 5d threshold strong interchannel coupling effects induce a sudden increase in the asymptotic phase difference of the s and d waves for the Tl 6p ionization. This shows that the valence excitation is different for resonant (Xe 4d) and nonresonant (Tl 5d) excitation from subvalence shells. 相似文献
130.
Jörg Krüger Daniela Dufft Robert Koter Andreas Hertwig 《Applied Surface Science》2007,253(19):7815-7819
Single- and multi-shot ablation thresholds of gold films in the thickness range of 31-1400 nm were determined employing a Ti:sapphire laser delivering pulses of 28 fs duration, 793 nm center wavelength at 1 kHz repetition rate. The gold layers were deposited on BK7 glass by an electron beam evaporation process and characterized by atomic force microscopy and ellipsometry. A linear dependence of the ablation threshold fluence Fth on the layer thickness d was found for d ≤ 180 nm. If a film thickness of about 180 nm was reached, the damage threshold remained constant at its bulk value. For different numbers of pulses per spot (N-on-1), bulk damage thresholds of ∼0.7 J cm−2 (1-on-1), 0.5 J cm−2 (10-on-1), 0.4 J cm−2 (100-on-1), 0.25 J cm−2 (1000-on-1), and 0.2 J cm−2 (10000-on-1) were obtained experimentally indicating an incubation behavior. A characteristic layer thickness of Lc ≈ 180 nm can be defined which is a measure for the heat penetration depth within the electron gas before electron-phonon relaxation occurs. Lc is by more than an order of magnitude larger than the optical absorption length of α−1 ≈ 12 nm at 793 nm wavelength. 相似文献