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81.
Simple, accurate, precise, and sensitive ultraviolet spectrophotometric and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) methods for simultaneous estimation of escitalopram oxalate (ESC) and clonazepam (CLO) in combined tablet dosage form have been developed and validated. The spectroscopic method employs an absorbance correction method using 238.6 and 308 nm as 2 wavelengths for estimation with methanol and water as solvents. Beer's law is obeyed in the concentration range of 10.0-50.0 and 0.5-3.0 micro/mL for ESC and CLO, respectively. The RP-HPLC method uses a Jasco HPLC system with HiQ SiL C18 column (250 x 4.6 mm id) acetonitrile-0.005 M tetrabutylammonium hydrogen sulfate (55 + 45, v/v) as the mobile phase, and satranidazole as an internal standard. The detection was carried out using an ultraviolet detector set at 287 nm. For the HPLC method, Beer's law is obeyed in the concentration range of 10.0-60.0 and 0.5-3.0 microg/mL for ESC and CLO, respectively. Both methods have been successfully applied for the analysis of the drugs in a pharmaceutical formulation. Results of analysis were validated statistically and by recovery studies. 相似文献
82.
A new, simple column reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for simultaneous determination of rabeprazole sodium (RAB) and domperidone (DOM) in a combined tablet dosage form has been developed and validated. Determination was performed using a Jasco HPLC system with a HiQ SiL octadecylsilane (C18) column (250 x 4.6 mm id), acetonitrile-0.1 M ammonium acetate (50 + 50, v/v) mobile phase, and paracetamol as an internal standard. The detection was performed using a UV detector set at 280 nm. The method was validated with respect to linearity, accuracy, precision, and robustness. Beer's law was obeyed in the concentration range of 1.0-10.0 and 0.5-5.0 microg/mL for RAB and DOM, respectively. The method has been successfully applied for the analysis of drugs in a pharmaceutical formulation. 相似文献
83.
We report the synthesis of a new series of highly efficient chiral organocatalysts derived via the regio- and stereoselective ring opening of chiral aziridines with azide anions. The catalysts have proved to be very efficient for a direct asymmetric aldol reaction, both with cyclic as well as acyclic ketones in brine with 2 mol % of catalyst loading, and afforded the products in excellent yields (up to 99%) and enantioselectivities (up to >99%). The chiral aldol adduct obtained has further been converted to a chiral azetidine ring via a convenient pathway. 相似文献
84.
D. Ashok R. Suneel Kumar D. Mohan Gandhi A. Jayashree 《Russian Journal of General Chemistry》2016,86(6):1396-1404
A series of novel pyrimidines (6a–6i) has been synthesized from corresponding chalcones and isonicotinimidamide.HCl in the presence of potassium carbonate involving Michael addition followed by cycloaddition. All newly synthesised chalcones and pyrimidines were screened for in vitro antimicrobial activity against various Gram positive, Gram negative bacterial and fungal strains. Most of compounds displayed high antimicrobial activity compared to standard drugs Penicillin, Streptomycin and Ampothericin-B. 相似文献
85.
Phillips F Kaczor K Gandhi N Pendley BD Danish RK Neuman MR Tóth B Horváth V Lindner E 《Talanta》2007,74(2):255-264
The measurement of sodium ion concentration in urine can provide diagnostic information and guide therapy. Unfortunately, neutral-carrier-based ion-selective electrodes show a large positive drift and loss in selectivity in undiluted urine. The extraction of electrically neutral lipids from the urine into the sensing membrane was suggested as the main source of the drift, loss of selectivity and the consequent incorrect concentration readings.In this work, (i) solvent-solvent extraction, (ii) membrane-immobilized solvent extraction and (iii) solid phase extraction were used to remove interfering compounds from urine samples. The “cleaned” urine samples were subsequently analyzed using a calixarene (sodium ionophore X)-based, solid-contact, sodium-selective electrode in a flow-through manifold. The solid-contact sodium sensors had excellent stability in cleaned urine and an acceptable bias compared to commercial clinical analyzers. 相似文献
86.
Functionalizing and derivatising organic molecules is a centerpiece in organic synthesis. Succinctly manipulating and installing acyl moieties in organic molecules spurred the interest of chemists owing to its occurrence in natural products, bioactive molecules, pharmaceuticals, and advanced materials. Traditionally, access to acylation reaction was achieved by Friedel-Crafts reaction, Schotten-Baumann, and Vilsmeier-Haack acylation, however, these protocols own pitfalls. Further to make the acylation process attractive and environmentally friendly, toluene, aldehydes, alcohols, α-keto acids, amines, amides, esters, ethers, nitriles, alkynes, alkenes, ketenes, N-acylbenzotriazoles, ketones, thioacids, oximes, thiazolium carbinols, PIDA, diacyl disulfides and acyl salts were used as an acyl surrogates/reagents. Amusingly, these acylating reagents are considered uncommon and alternative to carboxylic acids, acid chlorides and acetic anhydrides. This short review aims to encompass the usage of acylating agents in transition-metal, metal-free, light-driven and other demanding conditions, and thus reveals their practicality. 相似文献
87.
Thangaraj Anand Gandhi Sivaraman Murugan Iniya Ayyanar Siva Duraisamy Chellappa 《Analytica chimica acta》2015
Chemosensors based on aminobenzohydrazide Schiff bases bearing pyrene/anthracene as fluorophores have been designed and synthesized for F− ion recognition. The addition of fluoride ions to the receptors causes a dramatically observable colour change from pale yellow to brown/red. 1H NMR studies confirm that the F− ion facilitates its recognition by forming hydrogen bond with hydrogens of amide and amine groups. Moreover these sensors have also been successfully applied to detection of fluoride ion in commercial tooth paste solution. 相似文献
88.
Kishorkumar S. Kadam Thirumanavelan Gandhi M. Maheshkumar Reddy Amol Gupte Rajiv Sharma 《Journal of heterocyclic chemistry》2015,52(3):802-814
In this study, a novel series of 5‐piperazinethiazole 2,2‐dimethylbutanoic acid and 5‐piperidinethiazole 2,2‐dimethylbutanoic acid derivatives have been synthesized. Structures of the newly synthesized compounds have been elucidated using 1H‐NMR, 13C‐NMR, high‐resolution mass spectroscopy, and high‐performance liquid chromatographic analysis. The synthesized derivatives have been evaluated in vitro for their ability to inhibit the enzyme diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 responsible for triglyceride biosynthesis. 相似文献
89.
Li2O–Al2O3–ZrO2–SiO2 glasses mixed with different concentrations of TiO2 (ranging from 0 to 5.0?mol%) were synthesised and their dielectric properties (dielectric constant, loss tan?δ, a.c. conductivity σ) investigated over wide ranges of frequency and temperature. Studies of optical absorption, ESR, infrared (IR) and photoluminescence properties have also been undertaken. A decrease in dielectric parameters with increasing concentrations of TiO2 has been observed and this is attributed to an increasing proportion of titanium ions occupying network-forming positions rather than going into interstitial positions. A.C. conductivity in the high-temperature region appears to be connected both to electronic transfer and ionic movements, but conduction attributed to such processes seems to be hampered by the entry of titanium ions into the network-forming positions. Analysis of the results of the IR spectral studies have indicated that there is a decreasing degree of disorder in the glass network with increasing TiO2 content. The optical absorption and ESR spectral studies have revealed that titanium ions exist in both Ti3+ and Ti4+ states in the glasses. Luminescence spectra exhibited an emission band in the visible region and the luminescence efficiency increased with TiO2 content. The excitation of substitutionally positioned octahedral Ti4+ ions is identified as being responsible for the observed luminescence emission. 相似文献
90.
Over 97% of the Earth's water is high salinity water in the form of gulfs, oceans, and salt lakes. There is an increasing concern for the quality of water in bays, gulfs, oceans, and other natural waters. These waters are affected by many different sources of contamination. The sources are, but not limited to, groundwater run-off of nitrogen containing fertilizer, pesticides, cleaning agents, solid wastes, industrial waters, and many more. The final destinations of these contaminants are rivers, lakes, and bayous that eventually will lead to bays, gulfs, and oceans. Many industries depend on the quality of these waters, such as the fishing industry. In addition to wild marine life, there are large aquariums and fish and shrimp farms that are required to know the quality of the water. However, the ability of these industries to monitor their processes is limited. Most analytical methods do not apply to the analysis of high salinity waters. They are dependent on wet chemistry techniques, spectrophotometers, and flow analyzers. These methods do not have the accuracy, precision, and sensitivity when compared to ion chromatography (IC). Since the inception of IC, it has become a standard practice for determining the content of many different water samples. Many IC methods are limited in the range of analytes that can be detected, as well as the numerous sample sources of which the methods are applicable. The main focus of current IC methods does not include high salinity waters. This research demonstrates an ion chromatographic method that has the ability to determine low level concentrations of inorganic nitrogen and related anions (nitrite-N, nitrate-N, phosphorous-P, sulfate, bromide, chloride, sulfide, fluoride, ammonia, calcium, and magnesium) in a single run using a combination of UV and conductivity detectors. This method is applicable to various waters, and uses both freshwater and high salinity water samples. 相似文献