巯基化合物自组装单分子层的研究进展

超薄层有机材料的制备与研究￣［１］受到人们的广泛关注，有关研究结果和进展正在不断丰富着人类对表面结构与性质关系的理解和认识。与其它制备单分子层的技术相比，自组装技术是一种较新的制备方法，在８０年代后期，迅速成为有关学科的研究焦点。采用此技术制备的超薄层体系主要有两类：一类是巯基化合物在金、银、铜、铂表面吸附形成的单层￣［２，３］，一类是在硅、玻璃、金属氧化物表面通过硅烷化反应形成的单层￣［４］。其中，硫醇类分子自组装单层（ｓｅｌｆ－ａｓｓｅｍｂｌｅｄｍｏｎｏｌａｙｅｒ，３ＡＭ）是被研究得最为广泛和深入的体系。本文主要综述十年来巯基化合物ＳＡＭ的研究进展。     

Spreader-CDR system for efficient,reproducible, and frugal western blot

Efficient antibody incubation is a vital step for successful western blot. During the incubation, a thin antibody-depleted layer is created around the blotting membrane, which limits antibody binding. Although the conventional batch shaking method is ineffective against it, this layer can be easily disrupted by cyclic draining and replenishing (CDR) of the antibody solution during membrane incubation. Previously, we introduced a closed and rotating cylindrical chamber as a tool to implement CDR for western blots (rCDR). A new open bucket-style chamber was devised for easier operation and the possibility of process automation. Instead of rotation as in rCDR, rocking it back and forth achieved the CDR antibody incubation (R-CDR). The chamber was then equipped with a spreader-rod to facilitate the uniform movement of the antibody solution across the membrane surface. Hence, it was named spreader CDR (S-CDR). Compared to the batch incubation method, both the S-CDR and R-CDR devices produced significantly enhanced signals and developed faster results. There were several additional benefits of using the spreader-rod, which included uniform antibody binding across the membrane, reduced usage of antibodies, and the ability to recover results even from mishandled, creased membranes. The S-CDR device ensures better blots and can be easily implemented in existing western blot protocols.     

Variable grid decomposition for ill-posed interferometric tomography: Comparison of algorithms

An algorithm, termed the variable grid method (VGM), has been developed to provide enhanced reconstruction by interferometric tomography under the ill-posed problems of restricted angular scanning and incomplete projection that frequently arise in flow measurements. The algorithm is based on variable grid decomposition of a field. The performances of the two versions of the VGM are compared to investigate the effects of the redundancy criteria in generating variable grid elements. Performance comparison is also made with a conventional fixed grid method. The testing is conducted through computer simulation of experiments and reconstruction with a known three-dimensional field that has been produced by computational fluid dynamics. The reconstruction through computer simulation demonstrates the superiority of the two VGMs to the conventional method. Both the maximum and average reconstruction errors are reduced appreciably. The VGM version with stricter parameter contro performs best. The technique can reflect spatial information contained in measured data. Thus, improvement is noticeable in the regions with dense scanning of probing rays. These regions are usually of interest in engineering applications.     

Optoelectronic Thresholder for Pattern Recognition with Double Feedback Module

The present paper proposes a modification of a simple optoelectronic architecture (A. Bergeron et al.: Appl. Opt. 33 (1994) 1463) for carrying out optical thresholding operations. The threshold operation is achieved by means of a feedback loop. The setup is modified by inserting an attenuator adapted in each iteration to the total incident energy measured by an intensity detector. The proposed architecture does not need an additional light source, assures translation invariance and does not break the beam propagation path. The adaptive attenuator permits working under different lighting conditions (illumination, partially occluded objects, etc.). This kind of architecture is suitable for an optical pattern recognition task, optical neural network or optical associative memory. Application of the modified thresholder to the recognition task based on an optical correlator is reported.     

On stereochemistry of osmium tetraoxide oxidation of allylic alcohol systems. Empirical rule

An empirical formulation is presented to predict the stereochemistry of major osmylation products of allylic alcohols and their derivatives.     

具有轴对称g,A张量的粉末ESR线型表达式

本文推导了s=1/2, g、A均为轴对称张量并具有相同主轴坐标系的粉末ESR线型表达式, 利用这种表达式计算的曲线能与实验曲线很好地吻合。     

A note on differential operators of infinite order

A sufficient condition for entire functions f and g to be such that the series ∑_m=0^∞f^(m)(0)g^(m)/m! represents an entire function is established; and in that case, the growth of the resulting function is described.     

半合成青霉素侧链合成的研究：Ⅹ.DL—5—（4—羟基苯基）海因的合成

以乙醛酸、尿素、苯酚为主要原料，在少量醇的存在下，于强酸性介质中经缩合反应合成了ＤＬ－５－（４－羟基苯基）海因。采用正交设计试验，找出了影响收率的主要因素，确定了最佳反应条件。醇的加入使产物收率提高到７８．７％。