K+n elastic and charge-exchange scattering between 430 and 940 MeV/c

Elastic and charge-exchange K⁺n differential cross sections have been measured from K⁺d interactions from 430 to 940 MeV/c using spark chambers and scintillation counters. The data have been compared with existing results and in an accompanying paper have been included with other measurements in a phase-shift analysis.     

Role of hydroxyl concentrations in solvatochromic measures of solvent polarity of alcohols and alcohol-water mixtures-evidence that preferential solvation effects may be overestimated

For single solvents, primary alcohols and water, there is a good linear correlation (r = 0.994) between the solvent polarity index ET(30) and the molar concentration of OH groups (or 1000/Vm, where Vm is the solvent molar volume). The corresponding correlations for alcohol-water mixtures are plots vs. the sum of molar concentrations of alcohol and water, alternatively expressed as plots of ET(30)vs. volume fraction. Our quantitative treatment is an extension of recent theoretical and experimental results. In contrast, previous studies of alcohol-water mixtures have relied on plots of ET(30)vs. mole fraction, and have overestimated the effect of preferential solvation of solvatochromic dyes by the more hydrophobic alcohols.     

Realization of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox using momentum- and position-entangled photons from spontaneous parametric down conversion

We report on a momentum-position realization of the EPR paradox using direct detection in the near and far fields of the photons emitted by collinear type-II phase-matched parametric down conversion. Using this approach we achieved a measured two-photon momentum-position variance product of 0.01 variant Planck's over 2pi (2), which dramatically violates the bounds for the EPR and separability criteria.     

Noncommutative Differential Calculus Approach to Discrete Symplectic Schemes on Regular Lattice

By means of a noncommutative differential calculus on function space of discrete Abelian groups and that of the regular lattice with equal spacing as well as the discrete symplectic geometry and a kind of classical mechanical systems with separable Hamiltonian of the type H(p, q) = T(p) + V(q) on regular lattice, we introduce the discrete symplectic algorithm, i.e., the phase-space discrete counterpart of the symplectic algorithm including original symplectic schemes and the jet-symplectic schemes in terms of the discrete time jet bundle formalism, on the regular lattice. We show some numerical calculation examples and compare the results of different schemes.     

Merging of two independent diffracting shock waves

A preliminary experimental and numerical investigation into the interaction between two independent shock waves emerging perpendicular to each other into a common space is presented. It is arranged that two shock tubes have a common diffracting edge, so that the two waves arrive at the edge simultaneously. The shock Mach number was 1.31. The merging three-dimensional diffracting shocks reflect regularly off each other, but as they become more curved due to diffraction the angle between them changes and Mach reflection develops. L-shaped vortices are shed at the two free edges of each tube exit. As they meet, they merge and interact in a complex manner with each other.     

Merotopological Spaces

In this paper we introduce a new topological-type of structured set called merotopological space. The appropriate morphisms are defined and characterizations of the corresponding initial and final structures are given. The resulting category contains as fully embedded subcategories not only the category of topological spaces and continuous maps but also the category of merotopic spaces and uniformly continuous maps, and, a fortiori, the category of nearness spaces and the category of uniform spaces. A functorial completion is constructed for merotopological spaces using bunches. A problem that has remained long open in the setting of nearness spaces is to find an internal characterization of the epireflective hull of the topological spaces. We solve the analogue of this problem in the setting of merotopological spaces. Applications to the Wyler prime closed filter compactification and to Taimanov's extension theorem are given.     

Observation of particle alignment in the octupole band of 172Yb

Members of the octupole band up to spin 14^? have been identified with the ${}^{170}\text{Er}\text{(α,2}\text{n}\text{)}{}^{172}\text{Yb}$ reaction. The band is strongly perturbed by Coriolis effects and has a high moment of inertia with variations characteristic of particle alignment. Vabrational alignment is insufficient to explain the data.     

Seven and nine quasi-particleK-isomers in175Hf

NewK-isomers with very high spin (up to 57/2) have been found in¹⁷⁵Hf. This is the highest spin isomer seen in deformed nuclei and involves 9 quasi-particles. The predominant decay to the I=55/2 state in aK ^π=35/2^?, 5 quasi-particle rotational band further demonstrates the surprising breakdown of theK-selection rules, reported previously in neighbouring nuclei.     

Mode-pulling,mode-splitting and pulsing in a high gain He-Xe laser

High-gain, single-mode, helium-xenon lasers operating at 3.51 μm have been found to emit light in pulses rather than in a continuous wave. Two different pulsing regimes have been found, one correlated with oscillation in the vicinity of the Lamb dip and the other apparently due to mode splitting. Both instabilities require high gain and relatively low homogeneous broadening to be observed.